[cocos2dx]网络请求httpClient

Cocos2d-x 2019-05-18
HttpClient是HTTP客户端的接口。HttpClient封装了各种对象，处理cookies，身份认证，连接管理等。

概念

HttpClient的使用一般包含下面6个步骤：
  • 创建 HttpRequest 的实例；
  • 设置某种连接方法的类型（GET、POST等），这里通过setUrl传入待连接的地址；
  • 设置响应回调函数，读取response；
  • 添加请求到HttpClient任务队列；
  • 释放连接。无论执行方法是否成功，都必须释放连接；
  • 对得到后的内容进行处理。

如何使用

引入头文件和命名空间

#include "network/HttpClient.h"
using namespace cocos2d::network;

HttpRequest 实例

我们将使用HttpRequest无参数的构造函数，它为大多数情况提供了一个很好的默认设置，所以我们使用它。 
HttpRequest* request = new HttpRequest();

设置连接方法的类型和待连接的地址

由HTTP规范定义的各种方法对应各种不同的HttpRequest类。
我们将使用Get方法，这是一个简单的方法，它只是简单地取得一个URL，获取URL指向的文档。 
request->setRequestType(HttpRequest::Type::GET);
request->setUrl("http://www.httpbin.org/get");

设置回调

无论服务器返回怎样的状态，响应主体response body总是可读的，这至关重要。 
request->setResponseCallback(CC_CALLBACK_2(HelloWorld::onHttpComplete,this));

在onHttpComplete里读取响应数据：

std::vector<char> *buffer = response->getResponseData();//Get the request data pointer back

添加请求到HttpClient任务队列

cocos2d::network::HttpClient::getInstance()->send(request);

释放连接

这是一个可以让整个流程变得完整的关键步骤,我们必须告诉HttpClient，我们已经完成了连接，并且它现在可以重用。如果不这样做的话，HttpClient将无限期地等待一个连接释放，以便它可以重用。
要释放连接，使用: 
request->release();

处理响应

现在，我们已经完成了与HttpClient的交互，可以集中精力做我们需要处理的数据。在这个例子中，我们仅仅将它在控制台上输出。 
// dump data
std::vector *buffer = response->getResponseData();
printf("Http Test,dump data: ");
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < buffer->size(); i++)
{
    printf("%c",(*buffer)[i]);
}
printf("\n");
如果你需要把response作为一个流来读取它里面的信息，上面的步骤将会同如何解析这个连接结合，当你处理完所有的数据后，关闭输入流，并释放该连接。

GET请求示例

下面是一个通过HttpClient的HTTP GET请求的例子。 
HttpRequest* request = new HttpRequest();
    request->setUrl("http://www.baidu.com");
    request->setRequestType(HttpRequest::Type::GET);
    request->setResponseCallback(CC_CALLBACK_2(HelloWorld::onHttpRequestCompleted,this));
    request->setTag("GET test");
    cocos2d::network::HttpClient::getInstance()->send(request);
    request->release();

POST请求示例

下面将发送一个POST请求到URL“ http://httpbin.org/post”。 
HttpRequest* request = new HttpRequest();
    request->setUrl("http://httpbin.org/post");
    request->setRequestType(HttpRequest::Type::POST);
    request->setResponseCallback(CC_CALLBACK_2(HelloWorld::onHttpRequestCompleted,this));

    // write the post data
    const char* postData = "visitor=cocos2d&TestSuite=Extensions Test/NetworkTest";
    request->setRequestData(postData,strlen(postData));
    request->setTag("POST test");
    cocos2d::network::HttpClient::getInstance()->send(request);
    request->release();

处理网络回调函数

void HelloWorld::onHttpRequestCompleted(HttpClient *sender,HttpResponse *response)
{
    if (!response)
    {
        return;
    }   

    // You can get original request type from: response->request->reqType
    if (0 != strlen(response->getHttpRequest()->getTag()))
    {
        log("%s completed",response->getHttpRequest()->getTag());
    }   
    int statusCode = response->getResponseCode();
    char statusstring[64] = {};
    sprintf(statusstring,"HTTP Status Code: %d,tag = %s",statusCode,response->getHttpRequest()->getTag());
    _labelStatusCode->setString(statusstring);
    log("response code: %d",statusCode);   
    if (!response->isSucceed())
    {
        log("response Failed");
        log("error buffer: %s",response->getErrorBuffer());
        return;
    }
    // dump data
    std::vector<char> *buffer = response->getResponseData();
    printf("Http Test,dump data: ");
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < buffer->size(); i++)
    {
        printf("%c",(*buffer)[i]);
    }
    printf("\n");
}

Android

需要注意的是，如果你是 Android 环境，不要忘了在您的应用程序的Manifest 中增加相应的权限：
<uses-permission android:name=”android.permission.INTERNET” />
详细代码可参照..\tests\Cpp\TestCpp\Classes\ExtensionsTest\NetworkTest\HttpClientTest.cpp

HttpManager架构

HttpManager.h文件

#pragma once
#include "cocos2d.h"
#include "network/HttpClient.h"
//#include "Core/FV/FvSingleton.h"
USING_NS_CC;
using namespace network;
using namespace std;

class HttpManagerDelegate
{
public:
	virtual void onHttpManagerRequestCompleted(HttpClient* sender,HttpResponse* response) = 0;
};

class HttpManager //: public FvSingleton<HttpManager>
{
public:
	HttpManager(void);
	~HttpManager(void);
	CC_SYNTHESIZE(HttpManagerDelegate*,_httpManagerDelegate,HttpDelegate);
	//等价于 HttpManagerDelegate* getHttpDelegate(){return _httpManagerDelegate;};
	//等价于 void setHttpDelegate(HttpManagerDelegate* delegate){_httpManagerDelegate = delegate;};
	
	//static HttpManager* getInstance();
	void sendGetRequest(string url,string requestTag);
	void sendPostRequest(string url,string requestTag);
private:
	void onHttpRequestCompleted(HttpClient* sender,HttpResponse* response);
	//static HttpManager* mHttpManager;
};

HttpManager.cpp文件

#include "HttpManager.h"


//FV_SINGLetoN_STORAGE(HttpManager);
//HttpManager* HttpManager::mHttpManager = nullptr;

HttpManager::HttpManager(void)
{
	_httpManagerDelegate = nullptr;
	HttpClient::getInstance()->setTimeoutForConnect(5);
}

HttpManager::~HttpManager(void)
{
}
HttpManager* HttpManager::getInstance()
{
	if (mHttpManager == nullptr)
	{
		mHttpManager = new HttpManager();
	}
	return mHttpManager;
}
void HttpManager::sendGetRequest(string url,string requestTag)
{
	HttpRequest* request = new (std::nothrow) HttpRequest();
	request->setRequestType(HttpRequest::Type::GET);
	request->setUrl(url.c_str());
	request->setResponseCallback(CC_CALLBACK_2(HttpManager::onHttpRequestCompleted,this));
	request->setTag(requestTag.c_str());
	HttpClient::getInstance()->send(request);
	request->release();
}

void HttpManager::sendPostRequest(string url,string requestTag)
{
	HttpRequest* request = new (std::nothrow) HttpRequest();
	request->setRequestType(HttpRequest::Type::POST);
	request->setUrl(url.c_str());
	request->setResponseCallback(CC_CALLBACK_2(HttpManager::onHttpRequestCompleted,this));
	request->setTag(requestTag.c_str());
	request->setRequestData("",0);
	HttpClient::getInstance()->send(request);
	request->release();
}
void HttpManager::onHttpRequestCompleted(HttpClient* sender,HttpResponse* response)
{
	if (!response)
	{
		return;
	}
	const char* tag = response->getHttpRequest()->getTag();
	if (0 != strlen(tag))
	{
		log("%s completed",tag);
	}
	log("HTTP Status Code::%ld,response->getResponseCode(),tag);
	//if (!response->isSucceed())
	//{
	//	log("response Failed");
	//	log("error buffer:%s",response->getErrorBuffer());
	//	mMapCallBack.erase(tag);
	//	return;
	//}
	if (_httpManagerDelegate)
	{
		_httpManagerDelegate->onHttpManagerRequestCompleted(sender,response);
	}
}

BLLHttpTest.h文件

#pragma once

#include "Core/FV/FvSingleton.h"
#include "Core/Network/HttpManager.h"
using namespace std;
class BLLHttpTest : public HttpManagerDelegate//,public FvSingleton<BLLHttpTest>
{
public:
	BLLHttpTest(void);
	~BLLHttpTest(void);

	static BLLHttpTest* getInstance();

	typedef std::function<void(string responseData,const char* tag)> onResponseCallBack;
	void sendGetRequest(string url,string requestTag,onResponseCallBack cb);
	void sendPostRequest(string url,onResponseCallBack cb);
	virtual void onHttpManagerRequestCompleted(HttpClient* sender,HttpResponse* response);
private:
	void onHttpRequestCompletedDataHandle(string data,string tag);
	std::map<string,onResponseCallBack> mMapCallBack;
	static BLLHttpTest* mBLLHttpTest;
	HttpManager* mHttpManager;
};

BLLHttpTest.cpp文件

#include "BLLHttpTest.h"

//FV_SINGLetoN_STORAGE(BLLHttpTest);

BLLHttpTest* BLLHttpTest::mBLLHttpTest = nullptr;

BLLHttpTest::BLLHttpTest(void)
{
	mHttpManager = new HttpManager();
	mHttpManager->setHttpDelegate(this);
}

BLLHttpTest::~BLLHttpTest(void)
{
}
BLLHttpTest* BLLHttpTest::getInstance()
{
	if (!mBLLHttpTest)
	{
		mBLLHttpTest = new BLLHttptest();
	}
	return mBLLHttpTest;
}
void BLLHttpTest::sendGetRequest(string url,onResponseCallBack cb)
{
	mMapCallBack[requestTag] = cb;
	mHttpManager->sendGetRequest(url,requestTag);
}
void BLLHttpTest::sendPostRequest(string url,onResponseCallBack cb)
{
	mMapCallBack[requestTag] = cb;
	mHttpManager->sendPostRequest(url,requestTag);
}

void BLLHttpTest::onHttpManagerRequestCompleted(HttpClient* sender,HttpResponse* response)
{
	const char* tag = response->getHttpRequest()->getTag();
	if (!response->isSucceed())
	{
		log("response Failed");
		log("error buffer:%s",response->getErrorBuffer());
		mMapCallBack.erase(tag);
		return;
	}
	std::vector<char> *buffer = response->getResponseData();
	string temp = "";
	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < buffer->size(); i++)
	{
		temp +=(*buffer)[i];
	}
	log("Http Test,dump data:%s\n",temp.c_str());
	if (mMapCallBack[tag])
	{
		onHttpRequestCompletedDataHandle(temp,tag);
		mMapCallBack[tag](temp,tag);
		mMapCallBack.erase(tag);
	}
}

void BLLHttpTest::onHttpRequestCompletedDataHandle(string data,string tag)
{

}

几乎所有的架构中，涉及到回调函数，都会把回调函数封装成一个纯虚类，子类继承这个纯虚类并实现纯虚函数。然后在子类的构造函数中，将自己给设置成代理。次HttpManager架构运用了Bridge桥接设计模式

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