实现一个复杂动画的界面转场Swift

效果图

项目地址:ImageMaskTransition

转场原理

对于模态展示(Modal)

iOS 8之后,可以通过设置ViewController的转场代理

transitioningDelegate

这个转场代理是一个协议类型UIViewControllerTransitioningDelegate.由于我们是非交互式转场,所以只需要实现协议的两个方法即可

// MARK: - UIViewControllerTransitioningDelegate -
func animationControllerForPresentedController(presented: UIViewController,presentingController presenting: UIViewController,sourceController source: UIViewController) -> UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning? {
   //这里返回present的动画
}
func animationControllerForDismissedController(dismissed: UIViewController) -> UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning? {
    //这里返回dismiss的动
 }

对于NavigationController来说,则可以设置NavigationController的delegate来返回自定义的动画。

navigationController.delegate

这里的delegateUINavigationControllerDelegate类型,在不考虑交互式转场的情况下,我们只需要实现以下方法即可

//返回动画
func navigationController(navigationController: UINavigationController,animationControllerForOperation operation: UINavigationControllerOperation,fromViewController fromVC: UIViewController,toViewController toVC: UIViewController) -> UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning? {
    switch operation {
    case .Pop:
       //返回Pop时候
    case .Push:
        //返回Push时候的动画
    default:
         return nil
    }
}

细心的朋友应该发现了,不管是模态还是Push,都是返回一个UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning协议类型的对象

通用的Animator

定义一个类,让其遵循UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning协议,来实现实际的动画,

class ImageMaskAnimator: NSObject,UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning {}

由于实现了UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning协议,所以要提供两个方法

func transitionDuration(transitionContext: UIViewControllerContextTransitioning?) -> NSTimeInterval {
  //这里返回动画的时间
}

func animateTransition(transitionContext: UIViewControllerContextTransitioning) {
  //这里进行实际的动画
}

转场的原理

在上文提到的transitionDuration方法中,可以看到有一个参数是transitionContext,这个是转场上下文。通过转场上下文,可以获得fromView,toView以及containView,

let fromView = transitionContext.viewForKey(UITransitionContextFromViewKey)!
let toView = transitionContext.viewForKey(UITransitionContextToViewKey)!
let containView = transitionContext.containerView()!

其中,关系如图

  • 转场开始的时候,上下文自动把FromView添加到转场ContainView
  • 转场结束的时候,上下文自动把FromView移除ContainView

所以,开发者要做的就是

  • 把toView添加到转场ContainView中,并且定义好toView的初始位和状态
  • 定义好FromView和ToView的转场结束时候的状态
  • 创建fromView到toView动画

用CIFilter截图并添加高斯模糊

细心的朋友能看到,在最上面转场的时候,不管是present还是dismiss,第一个Controller的看起来都是”模糊”的。其实是采用截图,然后添加一个ImageView覆盖到转场的ContainView上实现的效果。其中,截图,并添加模糊的代码如下

extension UIView{
    func blurScreenShot(blurRadius:CGFloat)->UIImage?{
        guard self.superview != nil else{
            return nil
        }
        UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(CGSize(width: frame.width,height: frame.height),false,1)
        layer.renderInContext(UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()!)
        let image = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()
        UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
        guard let blur = CIFilter(name: "CIGaussianBlur") else{
            return nil
        }
        blur.setValue(CIImage(image: image),forKey: kCIInputImageKey)
        blur.setValue(blurRadius,forKey: kCIInputRadiusKey)
        let ciContext  = CIContext(options: nil)
        let result = blur.valueForKey(kCIOutputImageKey) as! CIImage!
        let boundingRect = CGRect(x:0,y: 0,width: frame.width,height: frame.height)

        let cgImage = ciContext.createCGImage(result,fromRect: boundingRect)
        let filteredImage = UIImage(CGImage: cgImage)
        return filteredImage
    }
}

Tips:在模拟器上,CIFilter的效率很差,但是真机上很快

Present/Push动画过程

首先,我们要做一些准备工作,其中,核心是坐标系转换

Tips:
Swift通过以下代码块来实现条件编译,可以通过条件编译来适配多版本Swift

#if 
//...
#else
.. 
#endif

整个动画的准备过程

//获取必要参数
       let fromView = transitionContext.viewForKey(UITransitionContextFromViewKey)!
        let toView = transitionContext.viewForKey(UITransitionContextToViewKey)!
        let containView = transitionContext.containerView()!
        let frame = UIScreen.mainScreen().bounds
        maskContentView = UIImageView(frame: frame)
        maskContentView.backgroundColor = UIColor.lightGrayColor()
        //如果是Present或者push
        if self.transitionType == .Present {
            //模拟器上禁用Blur
            #if (arch(i386) || arch(x86_64)) && os(iOS)
                print("Wow,CIFilter is too slow on simulator,So I disable blur on Simulator")
            #else
               //截图,生成blur
                self.blurImage = fromView.blurScreenShot(3.0)
                maskContentView.image = fromView.blurScreenShot(3.0)
            #endif
            //Blur作为背景,添加到ContainView
            maskContentView.frame = containView.bounds
            containView.addSubview(self.maskContentView)

            let fromImageView = self.config.fromImageView
            //Frame的坐标系适配
            let adjustFromRect = fromImageView.convertRect(fromImageView.bounds,toView: containView)

            let toImageView = self.config.toImageView!
            let adjustToRect = toImageView.convertRect(toImageView.bounds,toView: containView)
            //添加一个ImageView,来显示动画
            imageView = UIImageView(frame: adjustFromRect)
            imageView.image = fromImageView.image
            containView.addSubview(imageView)

            //设置阴影
            imageView.layer.shadowColor = UIColor.blackColor().CGColor
            imageView.layer.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake(2.0,2.0)
            imageView.layer.shadowRadius = 10.0
            imageView.layer.shadowOpacity = 0.8
           //开始动画
           //动画代码....

到这里,视图的层次结构如下

  • ContainView
    • fromView
    • maskContentView
    • imageView

整个Present的动画分为三个部分

//第一步,移动ImageView到toView的对应Frame,同时变化Scale
  UIView.animateWithDuration(0.5 / 1.6 * self.config.presentDuration,animations: {
                self.imageView.frame = adjustToRect
                self.imageView.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeScale(1.2,1.2)
            }) { (finished) in
                  //第二步,恢复ImageView的Transfrom
                UIView.animateWithDuration(0.3 / 1.6 * self.config.presentDuration,animations: {
                    self.imageView.transform = CGAffineTransformIdentity
                    self.imageView.layer.shadowOpacity = 0.0
                }) { (finished) in
                    //第三步,添加toView,然后开始mask动画
                    containView.addSubview(toView)
                    containView.bringSubviewToFront(self.imageView)
                    let adjustFrame = self.imageView.convertRect(self.imageView.bounds,toView: self.maskContentView)
                    toView.maskFrom(adjustFrame,duration: 0.8 / 1.6 * self.config.presentDuration,complete: {
                        //所有动画完成,进行清理
                        self.maskContentView.removeFromSuperview()
                        self.imageView.removeFromSuperview()
                        self.maskContentView = nil
                        self.imageView = nil
                        //通知上下文,转场完成
                        transitionContext.completeTransition(true)
                    })
                }
            }

在最后一步进行Mask的时候,视图的层次如下

  • ContainView
    • fromView
    • maskContentView
    • toView
    • imageView

Mask动画

Mask动画其实比较简单,我们都知道CALayer有一个mask属性,它也是一个CALayer,整个Mask动画的过程如下

  • 用CAShapeLayer作为对应View的mask
  • 通过动画CAShapeLayer的path属性-实现一个逐渐扩大的圆来实现对应的mask动画

代码如下

maskLayer.path = toPath.CGPath
let basicAnimation = CABasicAnimation(keyPath: "path")
basicAnimation.duration = duration
basicAnimation.fromValue = fromPath.CGPath
basicAnimation.toValue = toPath.CGPath
basicAnimation.timingFunction = CAMediaTimingFunction(name: kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOut)
maskLayer.addAnimation(basicAnimation,forKey: "pathMask")
self.layer.mask = maskLayer

其中,fromPath是开始的圆环,toPath是结束的圆环。

圆环的绘制采用贝赛尔曲线

let fromPath = UIBezierPath(arcCenter: fromCenter,radius: fromRadius,startAngle: 0,endAngle: CGFloat(M_PI) * 2,clockwise: true)

事务

这里用事务进行包裹,进而在动画完成的时候进行反馈

CATransaction.begin()
CATransaction.setCompletionBlock {
    //这里动画完成了
 }
//上文的Mask代码
CATransaction.commit()

Dismiss/Pop的原理类似,不再赘述

最后

完整代码地址:ImageMaskTransition
欢迎Follow我的Github,LeoMobileDeveloper

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