# !/usr/bin/env python3.6
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# visual studio 2017
# 2019 10 12 Geovin Du print
from turtle import *;
import sys;
from math import ceil;
import re;
import time;
import operator;
from copy import deepcopy;
from random import randint;
print(‘geovindu‘);
# 重复元素判定
def all_unique(lst):
return len(lst) == len(set(lst))
x = [1,1,2,3,4,5,6]
y = [1,5]
all_unique(x) # False
all_unique(y) # True
# #字符元素组成判定
from collections import Counter
def anagram(first,second):
return Counter(first) == Counter(second)
anagram("abcd3","3acdb") # True
#内存占用
variable = 30
print(sys.getsizeof(variable)) # 24
#字节占用
def byte_size(string):
return(len(string.encode(‘utf-8‘)))
byte_size(‘??‘) # 4
byte_size(‘Hello World‘) # 11
#打印 N 次字符串
n = 2;
s ="Programming";
print(s * n);
# ProgrammingProgramming
#大写第一个字母
s = "programming is awesome"
print(s.title())
# Programming Is Awesome
#压缩
def compact(lst):
return list(filter(bool,lst))
compact([0,False,‘‘,‘a‘,‘s‘,34])
# [ 1,34 ]
#解包
array = [[‘a‘,‘b‘],[‘c‘,‘d‘],[‘e‘,‘f‘]]
transposed = zip(*array)
print(transposed)
# [(‘a‘,‘c‘,‘e‘),(‘b‘,‘d‘,‘f‘)]
#分块
def chunk(lst,size):
return list(
map(lambda x: lst[x * size:x * size + size],list(range(0,ceil(len(lst) / size)))))
#链式对比
a = 3
print( 2 < a < 8) # True
print(1 == a < 2) # False
# print(len(re.findall(r‘[aeiou]‘,‘foobar‘,re.IGNORECASE)));
#元音统计
def count_vowels(str):
return len(re.findall(r‘[aeiou]‘,str,re.IGNORECASE))
print(‘Geovin Du foobar中有多少个元音字母：‘+str(count_vowels(‘Geovin Du foobar‘))) # 3
print(‘gym中有多少个元音字母：‘+str(count_vowels(‘gym‘))) # 0
chunk([1,5],2)
# [[1,2],[3,4],5]
#首字母小写
def decapitalize(string):
return string[:1].lower() + string[1:]
print(‘FooBar:‘+decapitalize(‘FooBar‘)); # ‘fooBar‘
def get_str(oriStr,splitStr):
str_list = oriStr.split(splitStr)
if len(str_list) > 1:
for index in range(1,len(str_list)):
if str_list[index] != ‘‘:
str_list[index] = str_list[index][0].upper() + str_list[index][1:]
else:
continue
return ‘‘.join(str_list)
else:
return oriStr
print(‘hello_for_our_world:‘+get_str(‘hello_for_our_world‘,‘_‘));
#展开列表
def spread(arg):
ret = []
for i in arg:
if isinstance(i,list):
ret.extend(i)
else:
ret.append(i)
return ret
def deep_flatten(lst):
result = []
result.extend(
spread(list(map(lambda x: deep_flatten(x) if type(x) == list else x,lst))))
return result
deep_flatten([1,[2],[[3],5]) # [1,5]
#列表的差
def difference(a,b):
set_a = set(a)
set_b = set(b)
comparison = set_a.difference(set_b)
return list(comparison)
difference([1,3],[1,4]) # [3]
#通过函数取差
def difference_by(a,b,fn):
b = set(map(fn,b))
return [item for item in a if fn(item) not in b]
from math import floor
difference_by([2.1,1.2],[2.3,3.4],floor) # [1.2]
difference_by([{ ‘x‘: 2 },{ ‘x‘: 1 }],[{ ‘x‘: 1 }],lambda v : v[‘x‘])
# [ { x: 2 } ]
#链式函数调用
def add(a,b):
return a + b
def subtract(a,b):
return a - b
a,b = 4,5
print((subtract if a > b else add)(a,b)) # 9
#检查重复项
def has_duplicates(lst):
return len(lst) != len(set(lst))
x = [1,5]
y = [1,5]
has_duplicates(x) # True
has_duplicates(y) # False
#合并两个字典
def merge_two_dicts(a,b):
c = a.copy() # make a copy of a
c.update(b) # modify keys and values of a with the ones from b
return c
a = { ‘x‘: 1,‘y‘: 2}
b = { ‘y‘: 3,‘z‘: 4}
print(merge_two_dicts(a,b))
# {‘y‘: 3,‘x‘: 1,‘z‘: 4}
#3.5
def merge_dictionaries(a,b):
return {**a,**b}
a = { ‘x‘: 1,‘z‘: 4}
print(merge_dictionaries(a,‘z‘: 4}
#将两个列表转化为字典
def to_dictionary(keys,values):
return dict(zip(keys,values))
keys = ["a","b","c"]
values = [2,4]
print(to_dictionary(keys,values))
# {‘a‘: 2,‘c‘: 4,‘b‘: 3}
#使用枚举
listd = ["a","c","d"]
for index,element in enumerate(listd):
print("Value",element,"Index ",index,)
# (‘Value‘,‘Index ‘,0)
# (‘Value‘,‘b‘,1)
#(‘Value‘,2)
# (‘Value‘,3)
# 执行时间
start_time = time.time()
a = 1
b = 2
c = a + b
print(c) #3
end_time = time.time()
total_time = end_time - start_time
print("Time: ",total_time)
# (‘Time: ‘,1.1205673217773438e-05)
#Try else
try:
2*3
except TypeError:
print("An exception was raised")
else:
print("Thank God,no exceptions were raised.")
#Thank God,no exceptions were raised.
#元素频率
def most_frequent(listd):
return max(set(listd),key = listd.count)
listd = [1,2]
most_frequent(listd)
#回文序列
def palindrome(string):
from re import sub
s = sub(‘[\W_]‘,string.lower())
return s == s[::-1]
palindrome(‘taco cat‘) # True
#不使用 if-else 的计算子
action = {
"+": operator.add,"-": operator.sub,"/": operator.truediv,"*": operator.mul,"**": pow
}
print(action[‘-‘](50,25)) # 25
#Shuffle 该算法会打乱列表元素的顺序，它主要会通过 Fisher-Yates 算法对新列表进行排序
def shuffle(lst):
temp_lst = deepcopy(lst)
m = len(temp_lst)
while (m):
m -= 1
i = randint(0,m)
temp_lst[m],temp_lst[i] = temp_lst[i],temp_lst[m]
return temp_lst
foo = [1,3]
shuffle(foo) # [2,1],foo = [1,3]
#展开列表
def spread(arg):
ret = []
for i in arg:
if isinstance(i,list): #
ret.extend(i)
else:
ret.append(i)
return ret
print(‘展开列表：‘+str(spread([1,[4,6],[7],8,9]))); # [1,6,7,9]
#交换值
def swap(a,b):
return b,a
a,b = -1,14
swap(a,b) # (14,-1)
spread([1,9]) # [1,9]
#字典默认值
d = {‘a‘: 1,‘b‘: 2}
print(d.get(‘c‘,3)) # 3
#畫圖形
#https://github.com/asweigart/simple-turtle-tutorial-for-python
for i in range(500): # this "for" loop will repeat these functions 500 times
forward(i)
left(91)
