使用python生成随机验证码的方法有很多种,今天小编给大家分享两种方法,大家可以灵活运用这两种方法,设计出适合自己的验证码方法。
方法一:
利用range方法,对于range方法不清楚的同学,请参考文章《python开发的range()函数》
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import random def generate_verification_code(len=6): ''' 随机生成6位的验证码 ''' # 注意: 这里我们生成的是0-9A-Za-z的列表,当然你也可以指定这个list,这里很灵活 # 比如: code_list = ['P','y','t','h','o','n','T','a','b'] # PythonTab的字母 code_list = [] for i in range(10): # 0-9数字 code_list.append(str(i)) for i in range(65,91): # 对应从“A”到“Z”的ASCII码 code_list.append(chr(i)) for i in range(97,123): #对应从“a”到“z”的ASCII码 code_list.append(chr(i)) myslice = random.sample(code_list,len) # 从list中随机获取6个元素,作为一个片断返回 verification_code = ''.join(myslice) # list to string return verification_code
方法二:
利用randint方法
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import random def generate_verification_code_v2(): ''' 随机生成6位的验证码 ''' code_list = [] for i in range(2): random_num = random.randint(0,9) # 随机生成0-9的数字 # 利用random.randint()函数生成一个随机整数a,使得65<=a<=90 # 对应从“A”到“Z”的ASCII码 a = random.randint(65,90) b = random.randint(97,122) random_uppercase_letter = chr(a) random_lowercase_letter = chr(b) code_list.append(str(random_num)) code_list.append(random_uppercase_letter) code_list.append(random_lowercase_letter) verification_code = ''.join(code_list) return verification_code
测试:
code = generate_verification_code(6)
code2 = generate_verification_code_v2()
print code
print code2
输出结果:
Glc5Tr
Hr6t7B
我个人更倾向于第一种方法,更加灵活,可以随意设置验证码长度。
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import Image,ImageDraw,ImageFont import random import math,string class RandomChar(): """用于随机生成汉字""" @staticmethod def Unicode(): val = random.randint(0x4E00,0x9FBF) return unichr(val) @staticmethod def GB2312(): head = random.randint(0xB0,0xCF) body = random.randint(0xA,0xF) tail = random.randint(0,0xF) val = ( head << 8 ) | (body << 4) | tail str = "%x" % val return str.decode('hex').decode('gb2312') class ImageChar(): def __init__(self,fontColor = (0,0),size = (100,40),fontPath = 'wqy.ttc',bgColor = (255,255,255),fontSize = 20): self.size = size self.fontPath = fontPath self.bgColor = bgColor self.fontSize = fontSize self.fontColor = fontColor self.font = ImageFont.truetype(self.fontPath,self.fontSize) self.image = Image.new('RGB',size,bgColor) def rotate(self): self.image.rotate(random.randint(0,30),expand=0) def drawText(self,pos,txt,fill): draw = ImageDraw.Draw(self.image) draw.text(pos,font=self.font,fill=fill) del draw def randRGB(self): return (random.randint(0,random.randint(0,255)) def randPoint(self): (width,height) = self.size return (random.randint(0,width),height)) def randLine(self,num): draw = ImageDraw.Draw(self.image) for i in range(0,num): draw.line([self.randPoint(),self.randPoint()],self.randRGB()) del draw def randChinese(self,num): gap = 5 start = 0 for i in range(0,num): char = RandomChar().GB2312() x = start + self.fontSize * i + random.randint(0,gap) + gap * i self.drawText((x,random.randint(-5,5)),RandomChar().GB2312(),self.randRGB()) self.rotate() self.randLine(18) def save(self,path): self.image.save(path)