PostgreSQL数据库中的常见错误

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我们在操作数据库的时候，我们总会遇到很多错误。下面整理了一下常见的错误。

错误1

FATAL: connection limit exceeded for non-superusers

原因：非超级用户的连接数（max_connections - superuser_reserved_connections）超过了设定值

解决办法：增加max_connections设定值，但如果增加了过多的话，数据库负担太大还容易产生内存错误。可以记住pg-pool等工具来辅助解决。

错误2

FATAL: sorry,too many clients already

原因：数据库服务器的连接数超过了max_connections设定值。

解决办法：和错误1解决办法类似。

错误3

LOG: checkpoints are occurring too frequently

原因：checkpoint处理正频繁发生。

解决办法：增加checkpoint_segments的值。

错误4

LOG: archive command failed with exit code (X)

原因：archive_command失败了。

解决办法：因为有可能是硬盘没空间了，所以可以把数据库的log删除一些。

错误5

LOG: number of page slots needed (X) exceeds max_fsm_pages (Y)

原因：max_fsm_pages不足了。

解决办法：增加max_fsm_pages的同时进行VACUUM FULL。

错误6

ERROR: current transaction is aborted,commands ignored until end of transaction blockp
原因：数据库操作时，前一次操作中已经发生过错误了。

解决办法： PostgreSQL包級r：ERROR: current transaction is aborted,commands ignored until end of transaction blockp

错误7

ERROR: operator does not exist: character = integer

原因：PostgreSQL8.3以后，取消了默认类型转换。因此需要使比较的类型保持一致。可以看cast函数。

附错误code

Error Code	Meaning	Condition Name
Class 00 — Successful Completion
00000	SUCCESSFUL COMPLETION	successful_completion
Class 01 — Warning
01000	WARNING	warning
0100C	DYNAMIC RESULT SETS RETURNED	dynamic_result_sets_returned
01008	IMPLICIT ZERO BIT PADDING	implicit_zero_bit_padding
01003	NULL VALUE ELIMINATED IN SET FUNCTION	null_value_eliminated_in_set_function
01007	PRIVILEGE NOT GRANTED	privilege_not_granted
01006	PRIVILEGE NOT REVOKED	privilege_not_revoked
01004	STRING DATA RIGHT TRUNCATION	string_data_right_truncation
01P01	DEPRECATED FEATURE	deprecated_feature
Class 02 — No Data (this is also a warning class per the SQL standard)
02000	NO DATA	no_data
02001	NO ADDITIONAL DYNAMIC RESULT SETS RETURNED	no_additional_dynamic_result_sets_returned
Class 03 — SQL Statement Not Yet Complete
03000	SQL STATEMENT NOT YET COMPLETE	sql_statement_not_yet_complete
Class 08 — Connection Exception
08000	CONNECTION EXCEPTION	connection_exception
08003	CONNECTION DOES NOT EXIST	connection_does_not_exist
08006	CONNECTION FAILURE	connection_failure
08001	SQLCLIENT UNABLE TO ESTABLISH SQLCONNECTION	sqlclient_unable_to_establish_sqlconnection
08004	SQLSERVER REJECTED ESTABLISHMENT OF SQLCONNECTION	sqlserver_rejected_establishment_of_sqlconnection
08007	TRANSACTION RESOLUTION UNKNOWN	transaction_resolution_unknown
08P01	PROTOCOL VIOLATION	protocol_violation
Class 09 — Triggered Action Exception
09000	TRIGGERED ACTION EXCEPTION	triggered_action_exception
Class 0A — Feature Not Supported
0A000	FEATURE NOT SUPPORTED	feature_not_supported
Class 0B — Invalid Transaction Initiation
0B000	INVALID TRANSACTION INITIATION	invalid_transaction_initiation
Class 0F — Locator Exception
0F000	LOCATOR EXCEPTION	locator_exception
0F001	INVALID LOCATOR SPECIFICATION	invalid_locator_specification
Class 0L — Invalid Grantor
0L000	INVALID GRANTOR	invalid_grantor
0LP01	INVALID GRANT OPERATION	invalid_grant_operation
Class 0P — Invalid Role Specification
0P000	INVALID ROLE SPECIFICATION	invalid_role_specification
Class 20 — Case Not Found
20000	CASE NOT FOUND	case_not_found
Class 21 — Cardinality Violation
21000	CARDINALITY VIOLATION	cardinality_violation
Class 22 — Data Exception
22000	DATA EXCEPTION	data_exception
2202E	ARRAY SUBSCRIPT ERROR	array_subscript_error
22021	CHARACTER NOT IN REPERTOIRE	character_not_in_repertoire
22008	DATETIME FIELD OVERFLOW	datetime_field_overflow
22012	DIVISION BY ZERO	division_by_zero
22005	ERROR IN ASSIGNMENT	error_in_assignment
2200B	ESCAPE CHARACTER CONFLICT	escape_character_conflict
22022	INDICATOR OVERFLOW	indicator_overflow
22015	INTERVAL FIELD OVERFLOW	interval_field_overflow
2201E	INVALID ARGUMENT FOR LOGARITHM	invalid_argument_for_logarithm
22014	INVALID ARGUMENT FOR NTILE FUNCTION	invalid_argument_for_ntile_function
22016	INVALID ARGUMENT FOR NTH_VALUE FUNCTION	invalid_argument_for_nth_value_function
2201F	INVALID ARGUMENT FOR POWER FUNCTION	invalid_argument_for_power_function
2201G	INVALID ARGUMENT FOR WIDTH BUCKET FUNCTION	invalid_argument_for_width_bucket_function
22018	INVALID CHARACTER VALUE FOR CAST	invalid_character_value_for_cast
22007	INVALID DATETIME FORMAT	invalid_datetime_format
22019	INVALID ESCAPE CHARACTER	invalid_escape_character
2200D	INVALID ESCAPE OCTET	invalid_escape_octet
22025	INVALID ESCAPE SEQUENCE	invalid_escape_sequence
22P06	NONSTANDARD USE OF ESCAPE CHARACTER	nonstandard_use_of_escape_character
22010	INVALID INDICATOR PARAMETER VALUE	invalid_indicator_parameter_value
22023	INVALID PARAMETER VALUE	invalid_parameter_value
2201B	INVALID REGULAR EXPRESSION	invalid_regular_expression
2201W	INVALID ROW COUNT IN LIMIT CLAUSE	invalid_row_count_in_limit_clause
2201X	INVALID ROW COUNT IN RESULT OFFSET CLAUSE	invalid_row_count_in_result_offset_clause
22009	INVALID TIME ZONE DISPLACEMENT VALUE	invalid_time_zone_displacement_value
2200C	INVALID USE OF ESCAPE CHARACTER	invalid_use_of_escape_character
2200G	MOST SPECIFIC TYPE MISMATCH	most_specific_type_mismatch
22004	NULL VALUE NOT ALLOWED	null_value_not_allowed
22002	NULL VALUE NO INDICATOR PARAMETER	null_value_no_indicator_parameter
22003	NUMERIC VALUE OUT OF RANGE	numeric_value_out_of_range
22026	STRING DATA LENGTH MISMATCH	string_data_length_mismatch
22001	STRING DATA RIGHT TRUNCATION	string_data_right_truncation
22011	SUBSTRING ERROR	substring_error
22027	TRIM ERROR	trim_error
22024	UNTERMINATED C STRING	unterminated_c_string
2200F	ZERO LENGTH CHARACTER STRING	zero_length_character_string
22P01	FLOATING POINT EXCEPTION	floating_point_exception
22P02	INVALID TEXT REPRESENTATION	invalid_text_representation
22P03	INVALID BINARY REPRESENTATION	invalid_binary_representation
22P04	BAD COPY FILE FORMAT	bad_copy_file_format
22P05	UNTRANSLATABLE CHARACTER	untranslatable_character
2200L	NOT AN XML DOCUMENT	not_an_xml_document
2200M	INVALID XML DOCUMENT	invalid_xml_document
2200N	INVALID XML CONTENT	invalid_xml_content
2200S	INVALID XML COMMENT	invalid_xml_comment
2200T	INVALID XML PROCESSING INSTRUCTION	invalid_xml_processing_instruction
Class 23 — Integrity Constraint Violation
23000	INTEGRITY CONSTRAINT VIOLATION	integrity_constraint_violation
23001	RESTRICT VIOLATION	restrict_violation
23502	NOT NULL VIOLATION	not_null_violation
23503	FOREIGN KEY VIOLATION	foreign_key_violation
23505	UNIQUE VIOLATION	unique_violation
23514	CHECK VIOLATION	check_violation
Class 24 — Invalid Cursor State
24000	INVALID CURSOR STATE	invalid_cursor_state
Class 25 — Invalid Transaction State
25000	INVALID TRANSACTION STATE	invalid_transaction_state
25001	ACTIVE SQL TRANSACTION	active_sql_transaction
25002	BRANCH TRANSACTION ALREADY ACTIVE	branch_transaction_already_active
25008	HELD CURSOR REQUIRES SAME ISOLATION LEVEL	held_cursor_requires_same_isolation_level
25003	INAPPROPRIATE ACCESS MODE FOR BRANCH TRANSACTION	inappropriate_access_mode_for_branch_transaction
25004	INAPPROPRIATE ISOLATION LEVEL FOR BRANCH TRANSACTION	inappropriate_isolation_level_for_branch_transaction
25005	NO ACTIVE SQL TRANSACTION FOR BRANCH TRANSACTION	no_active_sql_transaction_for_branch_transaction
25006	READ ONLY SQL TRANSACTION	read_only_sql_transaction
25007	SCHEMA AND DATA STATEMENT MIXING NOT SUPPORTED	schema_and_data_statement_mixing_not_supported
25P01	NO ACTIVE SQL TRANSACTION	no_active_sql_transaction
25P02	IN FAILED SQL TRANSACTION	in_failed_sql_transaction
Class 26 — Invalid SQL Statement Name
26000	INVALID SQL STATEMENT NAME	invalid_sql_statement_name
Class 27 — Triggered Data Change Violation
27000	TRIGGERED DATA CHANGE VIOLATION	triggered_data_change_violation
Class 28 — Invalid Authorization Specification
28000	INVALID AUTHORIZATION SPECIFICATION	invalid_authorization_specification
Class 2B — Dependent Privilege Descriptors Still Exist
2B000	DEPENDENT PRIVILEGE DESCRIPTORS STILL EXIST	dependent_privilege_descriptors_still_exist
2BP01	DEPENDENT OBJECTS STILL EXIST	dependent_objects_still_exist
Class 2D — Invalid Transaction Termination
2D000	INVALID TRANSACTION TERMINATION	invalid_transaction_termination
Class 2F — SQL Routine Exception
2F000	SQL ROUTINE EXCEPTION	sql_routine_exception
2F005	FUNCTION EXECUTED NO RETURN STATEMENT	function_executed_no_return_statement
2F002	MODIFYING SQL DATA NOT PERMITTED	modifying_sql_data_not_permitted
2F003	PROHIBITED SQL STATEMENT ATTEMPTED	prohibited_sql_statement_attempted
2F004	READING SQL DATA NOT PERMITTED	reading_sql_data_not_permitted
Class 34 — Invalid Cursor Name
34000	INVALID CURSOR NAME	invalid_cursor_name
Class 38 — External Routine Exception
38000	EXTERNAL ROUTINE EXCEPTION	external_routine_exception
38001	CONTAINING SQL NOT PERMITTED	containing_sql_not_permitted
38002	MODIFYING SQL DATA NOT PERMITTED	modifying_sql_data_not_permitted
38003	PROHIBITED SQL STATEMENT ATTEMPTED	prohibited_sql_statement_attempted
38004	READING SQL DATA NOT PERMITTED	reading_sql_data_not_permitted
Class 39 — External Routine Invocation Exception
39000	EXTERNAL ROUTINE INVOCATION EXCEPTION	external_routine_invocation_exception
39001	INVALID SQLSTATE RETURNED	invalid_sqlstate_returned
39004	NULL VALUE NOT ALLOWED	null_value_not_allowed
39P01	TRIGGER PROTOCOL VIOLATED	trigger_protocol_violated
39P02	SRF PROTOCOL VIOLATED	srf_protocol_violated
Class 3B — Savepoint Exception
3B000	SAVEPOINT EXCEPTION	savepoint_exception
3B001	INVALID SAVEPOINT SPECIFICATION	invalid_savepoint_specification
Class 3D — Invalid Catalog Name
3D000	INVALID CATALOG NAME	invalid_catalog_name
Class 3F — Invalid Schema Name
3F000	INVALID SCHEMA NAME	invalid_schema_name
Class 40 — Transaction Rollback
40000	TRANSACTION ROLLBACK	transaction_rollback
40002	TRANSACTION INTEGRITY CONSTRAINT VIOLATION	transaction_integrity_constraint_violation
40001	SERIALIZATION FAILURE	serialization_failure
40003	STATEMENT COMPLETION UNKNOWN	statement_completion_unknown
40P01	DEADLOCK DETECTED	deadlock_detected
Class 42 — Syntax Error or Access Rule Violation
42000	SYNTAX ERROR OR ACCESS RULE VIOLATION	syntax_error_or_access_rule_violation
42601	SYNTAX ERROR	syntax_error
42501	INSUFFICIENT PRIVILEGE	insufficient_privilege
42846	CANNOT COERCE	cannot_coerce
42803	GROUPING ERROR	grouping_error
42P20	WINDOWING ERROR	windowing_error
42P19	INVALID RECURSION	invalid_recursion
42830	INVALID FOREIGN KEY	invalid_foreign_key
42602	INVALID NAME	invalid_name
42622	NAME TOO LONG	name_too_long
42939	RESERVED NAME	reserved_name
42804	DATATYPE MISMATCH	datatype_mismatch
42P18	INDETERMINATE DATATYPE	indeterminate_datatype
42809	WRONG OBJECT TYPE	wrong_object_type
42703	UNDEFINED COLUMN	undefined_column
42883	UNDEFINED FUNCTION	undefined_function
42P01	UNDEFINED TABLE	undefined_table
42P02	UNDEFINED PARAMETER	undefined_parameter
42704	UNDEFINED OBJECT	undefined_object
42701	DUPLICATE COLUMN	duplicate_column
42P03	DUPLICATE CURSOR	duplicate_cursor
42P04	DUPLICATE DATABASE	duplicate_database
42723	DUPLICATE FUNCTION	duplicate_function
42P05	DUPLICATE PREPARED STATEMENT	duplicate_prepared_statement
42P06	DUPLICATE SCHEMA	duplicate_schema
42P07	DUPLICATE TABLE	duplicate_table
42712	DUPLICATE ALIAS	duplicate_alias
42710	DUPLICATE OBJECT	duplicate_object
42702	AMBIGUOUS COLUMN	ambiguous_column
42725	AMBIGUOUS FUNCTION	ambiguous_function
42P08	AMBIGUOUS PARAMETER	ambiguous_parameter
42P09	AMBIGUOUS ALIAS	ambiguous_alias
42P10	INVALID COLUMN REFERENCE	invalid_column_reference
42611	INVALID COLUMN DEFINITION	invalid_column_definition
42P11	INVALID CURSOR DEFINITION	invalid_cursor_definition
42P12	INVALID DATABASE DEFINITION	invalid_database_definition
42P13	INVALID FUNCTION DEFINITION	invalid_function_definition
42P14	INVALID PREPARED STATEMENT DEFINITION	invalid_prepared_statement_definition
42P15	INVALID SCHEMA DEFINITION	invalid_schema_definition
42P16	INVALID TABLE DEFINITION	invalid_table_definition
42P17	INVALID OBJECT DEFINITION	invalid_object_definition
Class 44 — WITH CHECK OPTION Violation
44000	WITH CHECK OPTION VIOLATION	with_check_option_violation
Class 53 — Insufficient Resources
53000	INSUFFICIENT RESOURCES	insufficient_resources
53100	DISK FULL	disk_full
53200	OUT OF MEMORY	out_of_memory
53300	TOO MANY CONNECTIONS	too_many_connections
Class 54 — Program Limit Exceeded
54000	PROGRAM LIMIT EXCEEDED	program_limit_exceeded
54001	STATEMENT TOO COMPLEX	statement_too_complex
54011	TOO MANY COLUMNS	too_many_columns
54023	TOO MANY ARGUMENTS	too_many_arguments
Class 55 — Object Not In Prerequisite State
55000	OBJECT NOT IN PREREQUISITE STATE	object_not_in_prerequisite_state
55006	OBJECT IN USE	object_in_use
55P02	CANT CHANGE RUNTIME PARAM	cant_change_runtime_param
55P03	LOCK NOT AVAILABLE	lock_not_available
Class 57 — Operator Intervention
57000	OPERATOR INTERVENTION	operator_intervention
57014	QUERY CANCELED	query_canceled
57P01	ADMIN SHUTDOWN	admin_shutdown
57P02	CRASH SHUTDOWN	crash_shutdown
57P03	CANNOT CONNECT NOW	cannot_connect_now
Class 58 — System Error (errors external toPostgreSQL itself)
58030	IO ERROR	io_error
58P01	UNDEFINED FILE	undefined_file
58P02	DUPLICATE FILE	duplicate_file
Class F0 — Configuration File Error
F0000	CONFIG FILE ERROR	config_file_error
F0001	LOCK FILE EXISTS	lock_file_exists
Class P0 — PL/pgSQL Error
P0000	PLPGSQL ERROR	plpgsql_error
P0001	RAISE EXCEPTION	raise_exception
P0002	NO DATA FOUND	no_data_found
P0003	TOO MANY ROWS	too_many_rows
Class XX — Internal Error
XX000	INTERNAL ERROR	internal_error
XX001	DATA CORRUPTED	data_corrupted
XX002	INDEX CORRUPTED	index_corrupted