搭建环境：Centos 6.8，nginx 1.9.14，mysql 5.6.23，php 5.6.17
一、目的：LNMP如今已成为主流的web服务器搭建方案，公司内部的ECstore，Discuz，计划用来替代nagios+check_mk监控平台的Zabbix。均基于LNMP。本次单机LNMP搭建为后续全面了解电商集群做准备，顺便记录搭建过程，作为以后搭建环境的参考。
二、LNMP安装环境准备：
关闭防火墙及selinux
serviceiptablesstop chkconfigiptablesoff setenforce0 vi/etc/sysconfig/selinux SELINUX=disabled#enforcing改为disabled
依赖包安装
yum-yinstallgccgcc-c++autoconflibjpeglibjpeg-devellibpnglibpng-develfreetypefreetype-devellibxml2libxml2-develzlibzlib-develglibcglibc-develglib2glib2-develbzip2bzip2-develncursesncurses-develcurlcurl-devele2fsprogse2fsprogs-develkrb5krb5-devellibidnlibidn-developensslopenssl-developenldapopenldap-developenldap-clientsopenldap-serversmakelibtool*gittreebisonpcre-develperlgdgd-devel
安装libiconv（支持编码转换为函数）
tarxflibiconv-1.14.tar.gz cdlibiconv-1.14/ ./configure--prefix=/usr/local make&&makeinstall
安装libmcrypt （加密算法扩展库，支持DES,3DES,RIJNDAEL,Twofish,IDEA,GOST,CAST-256,ARCFOUR,SERPENT,SAFER+等算法)
tarxflibmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz cdlibmcrypt-2.5.8 ./configure make&&makeinstall cdlibltdl/ ./configure--enable-ltdl-install#加载动态库 make&&makeinstall
安装mhash（Mhash是基于离散数学原理的不可逆向的php加密方式扩展库，其在默认情况下不开启。 mhash的可以用于创建校验数值，消息摘要，消息认证码，以及无需原文的关键信息保存）
tarxfmhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2 cdmhash-0.9.9.9 ./configure make&&makeinstall
安装mcript（mcrypt 是 php 里面重要的加密支持扩展库，Mcrypt扩展库可以实现加密解密功能，就是既能将明文加密，也可以密文还原。）
cd/usr/local/src tarzxvfmcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz cdmcrypt-2.6.8/ exportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH#暂时生效 ./configure make&&makeinstall
亦可以通过以下两种方法增加库文件
ln-s/usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la/usr/lib/libmcrypt.la ln-s/usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so/usr/lib/libmcrypt.so ln-s/usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4/usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 ln-s/usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8/usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 ln-s/usr/local/lib/libmhash.a/usr/lib/libmhash.a ln-s/usr/local/lib/libmhash.la/usr/lib/libmhash.la ln-s/usr/local/lib/libmhash.so/usr/lib/libmhash.so ln-s/usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2/usr/lib/libmhash.so.2 ln-s/usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1/usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 ln-s/usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config/usr/bin/libmcrypt-config
vim/etc/ld.so.conf /usr/local/lib/ ldconfig
安装cmake （MySQL从5.5版本开始，通过./configure进行编译配置方式已经被取消，取而代之的是cmake工具）
tarxfcmake-3.4.1.tar.gz cdcmake-3.4.1 ./bootstrap make&&makeinstall
注：一起解压所有文件可采用：find /usr/local/src/*.tar.gz -exec tar xf {} \;
三、MySQL编译安装
新增mysql用户
groupadd-rmysql useradd-r-gmysqlmysql
新建MySQL所需目录
mkdir-p/usr/local/mysql mkdir-p/data/mysqldb
编译安装
tarxfmysql-5.6.23.tar.gz cdmysql-5.6.23 cmake-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysqldb-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306-DENABLE_DOWNLOADS=1-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc-DWITH_SSL=system-DWITH_ZLIB=system-DWITH_LIBWRAP=0 make&&makeinstall
修改mysql目录权限
cd/usr/local/mysql chown-Rmysql:mysql. cd/data/mysqldb chown-Rmysql:mysql.
初始化mysql数据库
cd/usr/local/mysql ./scripts/mysql_install_db--user=mysql--datadir=/data/mysqldb
编译修改/etc/my.cnf
[mysql] #CLIENT# port=3306 socket=/data/mysqldb/mysql.sock [mysqld] #GENERAL# user=mysql default-storage-engine=InnoDB socket=/data/mysqldb/mysql.sock pid-file=/data/mysqldb/mysql.pid #MyISAM# key-buffer-size=32M myisam-recover=FORCE,BACKUP #SAFETY# max-allowed-packet=16M max-connect-errors=1000000 #DATASTORAGE# datadir=/data/mysqldb/ #BINARYLOGGING# log-bin=/data/mysqldb/mysql-bin expire-logs-days=14 sync-binlog=1 #REPLICATION# skip-slave-start=1 relay-log=/data/mysqldb/relay-bin slave-net-timeout=60 #CACHESANDLIMITS# tmp-table-size=32M max-heap-table-size=32M query-cache-type=0 query-cache-size=0 max-connections=500 thread-cache-size=50 open-files-limit=65535 table-definition-cache=4096 table-open-cache=4096 #INNODB# innodb-flush-method=O_DIRECT innodb-log-files-in-group=2 innodb-log-file-size=64M innodb-flush-log-at-trx-commit=1 innodb-file-per-table=1 innodb-buffer-pool-size=592M #LOGGING# log-error=/data/mysqldb/mysql-error.log log-queries-not-using-indexes=1 slow-query-log=1 slow-query-log-file=/data/mysqldb/mysql-slow.log
复制MySQL启动文件及其命令加入PATH
cpsupport-files/mysql.server/etc/init.d/mysqld vim/etc/profile.d/mysql.sh PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH exportPATH source/etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
启动MySQL并增加启动项
servicemysqldstart chkconfigmysqldon
设置MySQL登录权限
dropuser''@localhost;
dropuser''@hostname;
updatemysql.usersetpassword=password('*******');
flushprivileges;
四、Nginx编译安装
新增nginx用户
groupadd-rnginx useradd-gnginx-rnginx
创建所需要目录
mkdir-pv/var/tmp/nginx/client
编译安装nginx
tarxfnginx-1.9.14.tar.gz cdnginx-1.9.14 ./configure--prefix=/usr/local/nginx--sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx--conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log--pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid--lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock--user=nginx--group=nginx--with-http_ssl_module--with-http_flv_module--with-http_stub_status_module--with-http_gzip_static_module--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi--http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi--with-pcre make&&makeinstall
编辑启动脚本
vim/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx
#!/bin/sh
#
#nginx-thisscriptstartsandstopsthenginxdaemon
#
#chkconfig:-8515
#description:NginxisanHTTP(S)server,HTTP(S)reverse\
#proxyandIMAP/POP3proxyserver
#processname:nginx
#config:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
#config:/etc/sysconfig/nginx
#pidfile:/var/run/nginx.pid
#Sourcefunctionlibrary.
./etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
#Sourcenetworkingconfiguration.
./etc/sysconfig/network
#Checkthatnetworkingisup.
["$NETWORKING"="no"]&&exit0
nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename$nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
[-f/etc/sysconfig/nginx]&&./etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
make_dirs(){
#makerequireddirectories
user=`nginx-V2>&1|grep"configurearguments:"|sed's/[^*]*--user=\([^]*\).*/\1/g'-`
options=`$nginx-V2>&1|grep'configurearguments:'`
foroptin$options;do
if[`echo$opt|grep'.*-temp-path'`];then
value=`echo$opt|cut-d"="-f2`
if[!-d"$value"];then
#echo"creating"$value
mkdir-p$value&&chown-R$user$value
fi
fi
done
}
start(){
[-x$nginx]||exit5
[-f$NGINX_CONF_FILE]||exit6
make_dirs
echo-n$"Starting$prog:"
daemon$nginx-c$NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[$retval-eq0]&&touch$lockfile
return$retval
}
stop(){
echo-n$"Stopping$prog:"
killproc$prog-QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[$retval-eq0]&&rm-f$lockfile
return$retval
}
restart(){
configtest||return$?
stop
sleep1
start
}
reload(){
configtest||return$?
echo-n$"Reloading$prog:"
killproc$nginx-HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
force_reload(){
restart
}
configtest(){
$nginx-t-c$NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status(){
status$prog
}
rh_status_q(){
rh_status>/dev/null2>&1
}
case"$1"in
start)
rh_status_q&&exit0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q||exit0
$1
;;
restart|configtest)
$1
;;
reload)
rh_status_q||exit7
$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q||exit0
;;
*)
echo$"Usage:$0{start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
exit2
esac
设置开机启动并启动服务
chmod+x/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx chkconfig--addnginx chkconfignginxon servicenginxstart
五、PHP编译安装
解决php安装的库依赖关系
cp-frp/usr/lib64/libldap*/usr/lib/ echo/usr/local/mysql/lib>>/etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql-x86_64.conf ldconfig-v
编译安装php
tarxfphp-5.6.17.tar.gz cdphp-5.6.17 ./configure--prefix=/usr/local/php--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config--with-iconv-dir=/usr/local--with-openssl--enable-mbstring--with-freetype-dir--with-jpeg-dir--with-png-dir--with-zlib--with-libxml-dir=/usr--enable-xml--disable-rpath--enable-bcmath--enable-shmop--enable-sysvsem--enable-inline-optimization--enable-mbregex--enable-mbstring--with-gd--enable-gd-native-ttf--with-mhash--enable-pcntl--enable-sockets--with-mcrypt--with-ldap--with-ldap-sasl--with-xmlrpc--enable-zip--enable-soap--with-bz2--with-config-file-path=/etc--enable-fpm--with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d--enable-maintainer-zts makeZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv' makeinstall
复制PHP配置文件
cpphp.ini-production/etc/php.ini
复制php-fpm配置文件
cp/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
设置php-fpm启动脚本并开机启动
cpsapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm/etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm chmod+x/etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm chkconfig--addphp-fpm chkconfigphp-fpmon servicephp-fpmstart
六、web功能基本实现
nginx,php功能整合
vim/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
#location~\.php${
#roothtml;
#fastcgi_pass127.0.0.1:9000;
#fastcgi_indexindex.php;
#fastcgi_paramSCRIPT_FILENAME/scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
#includefastcgi_params;
#}
#修改为
location~\.php${
fastcgi_pass127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_indexindex.php;
fastcgi_paramSCRIPT_FILENAME$document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
includefastcgi_params;
}
增加LNMP测试页面
vim/usr/local/nginx/html/test.php
<?php
$link=mysql_connect('127.0.0.1','root','you_passwd');
if($link)
echo"It'sOK,Frank";
else
echo"Failed,Frank";
mysql_close;
phpinfo();
?>
nginx重载
servicenginxreload
访问http://ip/test.php,LNMP测试成功。
七、后记
从去年底开始，LAMP,LNMP断断续续搭建过多次，搭建时磕磕碰碰，完成后就会忘记，估计是基础不牢的原因。虽然本次搭建中间也有些许不顺，但决定写博文之后，还是有点小压力，前前后后验证了两遍，还是可以保证可行性的。本次nginx，php的配置优化及插件均未涉及，后续博文中将陆续补上。
