LAMP--实战部署步骤--httpd-2.4--mysql-5.7--php8

问题描述

环境准备：

系统平台	IP	
centos7		192.168.8.164	

需要安装的服务：
httpd-2.4
mysql-5.7
php8

1、安装Apache

1、依赖包

安装依赖包：
yum install -y expat-devel
yum install -y gcc gcc-c++
yum -y install openssl-devel libtool make

2、安装epel包

yum install -y https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
yum clean all    //清理缓存
yum makecache  	 //重新建立缓存
yum groupinstall -y "Development Tools" // 安装开发工具包
yum groups mark install -y "Development Tools"

/3、创建配置apache用户与组，添加附属组及用户

useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin apache

4、下载并解压

1.下载
wget --no-check-certificate https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/httpd/httpd-2.4.54.tar.gz
wget --no-check-certificate https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/apr/apr-1.7.0.tar.gz
wget --no-check-certificate https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
wget http://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.33/pcre-8.33.tar.gz

2.解压缩：
tar -xvf httpd-2.4.54.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
tar -xvf apr-1.7.0.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
tar -xvf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
tar -xvf pcre-8.33.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/

5、编译安装apr，注释掉R M " RM “RM"cfgfile”，避免发生未知错误

cd /usr/local/src/apr-1.7.0
sed -i 's/$RM "$cfgfile"/# $RM "$cfgfile"/g' ./configure
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
make && make install

6、编译安装apr-util

cd /usr/local/src/apr-util-1.6.1
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr/bin/apr-1-config
make && make install

7、编译安装pcre-8.33

cd /usr/local/src/pcre-8.33/
./configure  --prefix=/usr/local/pcre
make && make install

8、编译安装httpd-2.4.54

cd /usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.54/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache \
--enable-so \
--enable-ssl \
--enable-cgi \
--enable-rewrite \
--with-zlib \
--with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre \
--with-apr=/usr/local/apr/ \
--with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/ \
--enable-modules=most \
--enable-mpms-shared=all \
--with-mpm=prefork

make -j 2 && make install

1.安装报错1
报错1：apr-util-1.6.1 报错xml/apr_xml.c:35:19: fatal error: expat.h: No such file or directory
原因：缺少expat库
解决：yum install expat-devel -y

1.安装报错2
报错2：pcre-8.33 报错configure: error: You need a C++ compiler for C++ support.
原因：缺少c++环境
解决：yum install -y gcc gcc-c++

报错3：
[root@szb conf]# systemctl restart httpd
Process 23436 (httpd) of user 0 killed by SIGSEGV - dumping core
原因：因为升级php7.4版本，配置中LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so注释掉
解决：添加LoadModule php7_module modules/libphp7.so即可

9. 安装后配置修改

1.添加环境变量
echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/apache/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
source /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh

2.添加头文件默认的软连接
ln -s /usr/local/apache/include/ /usr/include/httpd

3.添加man帮助文件数据--可以使用 man 来查询该软件的在线文件
(默认情况下man 会去搜寻 /usr/local/man (/usr/local/share/man)下面的说明文件)
vim /etc/man_db.conf
MANPATH_MAP     /usr/local/sbin         /usr/local/apache/man

4.取消注释，使用服务器主机名
vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf  // 服务器用于辨识自己的主机名和端口号，主要用于创建重定向URL
ServerName www.example.com:80

5、启动apache服务及校验端口
[root@szb include]# apachectl start
[root@szb include]# ss -ntl
State       Recv-Q Send-Q       Local Address:Port        Peer Address:Port
LISTEN      0      128                  :::80             :::*

6.配置开机自启动
cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/sshd.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service
vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service
[Unit]
Description=httpd server daemon
Documentation=man:httpd(8)
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start
ExecStop=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl stop
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable --now httpd
systemctl status httpd.service	# 校验状态
结果：Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; enabled;

2、安装Mysql

1.安装依赖包

yum -y install ncurses-devel openssl-devel openssl cmake mariadb-devel

2.下载安装包 - - mysql-5.7.34
MySQL官网下载地址

wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.34-el7-x86_64.tar.gz
tar -xvf mysql-5.7.34-el7-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/ && cd /usr/local/
mv mysql-5.7.34-el7-x86_64/ mysql

3.创建用户和组

useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql

4.添加环境变量

echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
vim /etc/man_db.conf
MANPATH_MAP     /usr/local/sbin         /usr/local/mysql/man
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/include/mysql

5. 写一个配置文件，告诉库文件lib在/usr/local/mysql下面

vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
/usr/local/mysql/lib
ldconfig

6.创建数据存放目录

mkdir -p /data/mysql && chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql

7. 初始化数据库

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user mysql --datadir /data/mysql

8.修改配置文件

vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
port=3306
symbolic-links=0
user=mysql
skip-name-resolve   # 禁止域名解析，

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/data/mysql/mysql.log		# 此路径必须存在，不然会报错
pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid

skip-name-resolve理解

9.配置服务启动脚本

1.修改服务配置信息
vim /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql

2.开启自启动服务
cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
[Unit]
Description=mysql server daemon
After=network.target
 
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start
ExecStop=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server stop
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

10.启动mysql服务

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable --now mysqld

3、安装PHP

1、安装依赖包

yum -y install php-mysqlnd libxml2-devel bzip2-devel libmcrypt-devel sqlite-devel.x86_64 libcurl-devel libpng-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel openldap-devel freetype-devel gmp-devel readline-devel libxslt-devel mhash-devel

yum -y install libxml2 libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libcurl libcurl-devel libicu-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel openldap-devel  pcre-devel freetype freetype-devel gmp gmp-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel readline readline-devel libxslt libxslt-devel mhash mhash-devel

2、下载并解压缩

1、依赖包：oniguruma-6.9.7
wget https://github.com/kkos/oniguruma/archive/v6.9.7.tar.gz -O oniguruma-6.9.7.tar.gz
tar -xvf oniguruma-6.9.4.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src

3、依赖包：libzip-1.2.0
yum remove libzip -y
wget https://libzip.org/download/libzip-1.2.0.tar.gz --no-check-certificate
tar -zxvf libzip-1.2.0.tar.gz

4、php-8.0.22主程序
wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-8.0.22.tar.gz
tar -xvf php-8.0.22.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src

php7.4.30版本下载类似
wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-7.4.30.tar.gz

3、编译安装

1、编译安装oniguruma
yum install -y autoconf automake libtool libsqlite3x-devel
cd /usr/local/src/oniguruma-6.9.7
./autogen.sh && ./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/lib64 
需要有“--libdir=/lib64”参数,不然ldconfig找不到，php还是报错

2、编译安装libzip
cd /usr/local/src/libzip-1.2.0
./configure
make && make install
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/lib/pkgconfig/"
遇到报错6添加如下操作：
cd /etc/ld.so.conf.d/
vim libzip.conf
/usr/local/src/libzip-1.2.0/lib
ldconfig

3、编译安装php
cd /usr/local/src/php-8.0.22/ext/phar
cp phar.php phar.phar
cd /usr/local/src/php-8.0.22
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php8 \
--with-config-file-path=/etc \
--with-openssl \
--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
--with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d \
--with-freetype \
--with-jpeg \
--with-zlib-dir \
--with-curl \
--with-zip \
--with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-mysqlnd \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-sockets \
--disable-fileinfo \
--disable-debug \
--disable-rpath \
--enable-shared \
--enable-soap \
--enable-bcmath \
--with-iconv \
--with-bz2 \
--enable-calendar \
--enable-exif  \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-gd \
--with-gettext \
--enable-pdo \
--with-readline \
--enable-shmop \
--enable-simplexml \
--with-pear \
--enable-pcntl \
--enable-posix

make -j 2 && make install

官方：核心配置选项列表

php源码安装常用配置参数和说明

4、安装后配置

1、设置环境变量
echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/php8/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/php.sh
source /etc/profile.d/php.sh

2、校验
which php
php -v

3、配置文件
1)配置php.ini
cp -f /usr/local/src/php-8.0.22/php.ini-production /etc/php.ini    # 最重要的PHP配置文件

2)配置php-fpm（php管理工具）
	1>php-fpm启动脚本
cp /usr/local/src/php-8.0.22/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
chmod +x /etc//init.d/php-fpm 
	2>php-fpm配置文件
cd /usr/local/php8/etc/
cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
cp php-fpm.d/www.conf.default php-fpm.d/www.conf


4、配置启动服务php-fpm
cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service
vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service
[Unit]
Description=php server daemon
After=network.target
 
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/etc/init.d/php-fpm start
ExecStop=/etc/init.d/php-fpm stop
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

5、 开机自启动
systemctl daemon-reload 
systemctl enable --now php-fpm
ss -ntla | grep 9000
ps aux | grep php

报错

报错1：源码编译 php 遇到缺失 No package sqlite3 found 问题
原因：缺少依赖包
解决：yum install -y sqlite-devel.x86_64


报错2：源码编译 php 遇到缺失 No package 'libcurl' found 问题
原因：缺少依赖包
解决：yum install -y libcurl-devel

报错3：源码编译 php 遇到缺失 No package 'libpng' found 问题
原因：缺少依赖包
解决：yum install -y libpng-devel

报错4：
No package 'oniguruma' found
Consider adjusting the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable if you
installed software in a non-standard prefix.
Alternatively, you may set the environment variables LIBZIP_CFLAGS
and LIBZIP_LIBS to avoid the need to call pkg-config.
See the pkg-config man page for more details.
原因：已经安装，但是php还是会报错，ldconfig找不到
解决办法：./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/lib64 
需要有“--libdir=/lib64”参数,不然ldconfig找不到，php还是报错

报错5：
configure: error: Package requirements (libzip >= 0.11 libzip != 1.3.1 libzip != 1.7.0) were not met:
Requested 'libzip >= 0.11' but version of libzip is 0.10.1
原因：libzip提示版本太低，yum自带的是0.10
解决办法：
yum remove libzip -y
wget https://libzip.org/download/libzip-1.2.0.tar.gz --no-check-certificate
tar -zxvf libzip-1.2.0.tar.gz
cd libzip-1.2.0
./configure
make && make install
vim /etc/profile
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/lib/pkgconfig/"

或者：
rpm -Uvh http://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm 
yum —enablerepo=remi install libzip5-devel 

报错6：
error while loading shared libraries: libzip.so.5: cannot open shared object file: N
原因：ld提示找不到库文件，而库文件就在当前目录中,链接器ld默认的目录是/lib和/usr/lib，如果放在其他路径也可以，需要让ld知道库文件在哪里。
解决：
cd /etc/ld.so.conf.d/
vim libzip.conf
/usr/local/src/libzip-1.2.0/lib
ldconfig		# 更新/etc/ld.so.cache文件

报错7：
chmod: cannot access ‘ext/phar/phar.phar’: No such file or directory
make: [ext/phar/phar.phar] Error 1 (ignored)
原因：
解决办法：
cd /usr/local/src/php-8.0.22/ext/phar
cp phar.php phar.phar

PKG_CONFIG_PATH错误提示解决办法

以上三个软件就全部编译安装成功了，真的是php安装报错贼多，也贼耗时间

4、配置apache

1、FastCGI（动态应用相关的模块）的实现需要加载httpd2.4的两个模块
mod_proxy_fcgi.so （mod_proxy.so拓展）
mod_proxy.so

vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf			// 取消注释
120 LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
124 LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so

2、创建虚拟主机目录并生成php测试页面

mkdir -p /usr/local/apache/htdocs/test
cd /usr/local/apache/htdocs/test
vim index.php
<?php
    phpinfo();
?>
chown -R apache.apache /usr/local/apache/htdocs/

3、修改配置文件

1、添加默认匹配的主页面
vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf	
<IfModule dir_module>
    DirectoryIndex index.html index.php			# 添加index.php
</IfModule>

2、搜索AddType，添加以下内容
AddType application/x-compress .Z
AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .php

3、在配置文件的最后加入以下内容
<VirtualHost *:80>
     DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs/test"
     ServerName www.test.com
     ProxyRequests Off
     ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/usr/local/apache/htdocs/test/$1
     <Directory "/usr/local/apache/htdocs/test">
         Options none
         AllowOverride none
         Require all granted
     </Directory>
</VirtualHost>

4、重启服务
systemctl restart httpd

4、验证：
本地游览器输入：http://192.168.8.164/

参考指导：LAMP架构源码部署（入门级别超详细步骤）

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