解决前端 json 格式与后端的映射问题

1. 定义对象映射器

/**
 * 对象映射器:基于jackson将Java对象转为json，或者将json转为Java对象
 * 将JSON解析为Java对象的过程称为 [从JSON反序列化Java对象]
 * 从Java对象生成JSON的过程称为 [序列化Java对象到JSON]
 */
public class JacksonObjectMapper extends ObjectMapper {

    public static final String DEFAULT_DATE_FORMAT = "yyyy-MM-dd";
    public static final String DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_FORMAT = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";
    public static final String DEFAULT_TIME_FORMAT = "HH:mm:ss";

    public JacksonObjectMapper() {
        super();
        //收到未知属性时不报异常
        this.configure(FAIL_ON_UNKNowN_PROPERTIES, false);

        //反序列化时，属性不存在的兼容处理
        this.getDeserializationConfig().withoutFeatures(DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_UNKNowN_PROPERTIES);


        SimpleModule simpleModule = new SimpleModule()
                .addDeserializer(LocalDateTime.class, new LocalDateTimeDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_FORMAT)))
                .addDeserializer(LocalDate.class, new LocalDateDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_FORMAT)))
                .addDeserializer(LocalTime.class, new LocalTimeDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_TIME_FORMAT)))

                .addSerializer(BigInteger.class, ToStringSerializer.instance)
                .addSerializer(Long.class, ToStringSerializer.instance)
                .addSerializer(LocalDateTime.class, new LocalDateTimeSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_FORMAT)))
                .addSerializer(LocalDate.class, new LocalDateSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_FORMAT)))
                .addSerializer(LocalTime.class, new LocalTimeSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_TIME_FORMAT)));

        //注册功能模块 例如，可以添加自定义序列化器和反序列化器
        this.registerModule(simpleModule);
    }
}

2. 扩展mvc中的消息转换器

@Slf4j
@Configuration
public class WebMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport {
    /**
     * 扩展mvc框架的消息转换器
     * @param converters
     */
    @Override
    protected void extendMessageConverters(List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> converters) {
        log.info("扩展自己的消息转换器");
        // 创建消息转换器
        MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter messageConverter = new MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter();
        // 设置对象转换器，底层使用jackson将java转为json
        messageConverter.setobjectMapper(new JacksonObjectMapper());
        // 将上面的消息转换器对象追加到mvc框架的转换器集合中,0表示顺序最靠前，否则不会生效
        converters.add(0, messageConverter);
    }
}

当然，如果转换类型少的话也可以一步到位：

@Configuration
public class WebMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport {
    protected void extendMessageConverters(List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> converters) {
        MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter jackson2HttpMessageConverter = new MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter();
        
        ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
        
        SimpleModule simpleModule = new SimpleModule();
        simpleModule.addSerializer(Long.class, ToStringSerializer.instance);
        simpleModule.addSerializer(Long.TYPE, ToStringSerializer.instance);
        
        objectMapper.registerModule(simpleModule);
        
        jackson2HttpMessageConverter.setobjectMapper(objectMapper);
        
        converters.add(0, jackson2HttpMessageConverter);
    }
}