ubuntu14 apach2.conf 配置 alias 虚拟目录站点 You don't have permission to access /logs/ on this server

默认的配置文件是：/etc/apache2/apache2.conf

增加了Web目录之外的关于文件系统目录访问的放行权限

root@sxu-ubuntu:/etc/apache2# pwd
/etc/apache2
root@sxu-ubuntu:/etc/apache2# cat apache2.conf

# This is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains the

# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.
# See http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/ for detailed information about
# the directives and /usr/share/doc/apache2/README.Debian about Debian specific
# hints.
#
#
# Summary of how the Apache 2 configuration works in Debian:
# The Apache 2 web server configuration in Debian is quite different to
# upstream's suggested way to configure the web server. This is because Debian's
# default Apache2 installation attempts to make adding and removing modules,
# virtual hosts,and extra configuration directives as flexible as possible,in
# order to make automating the changes and administering the server as easy as
# possible.


# It is split into several files forming the configuration hierarchy outlined
# below,all located in the /etc/apache2/ directory:
#
# /etc/apache2/
# |-- apache2.conf
# | `-- ports.conf
# |-- mods-enabled
# | |-- *.load
# | `-- *.conf
# |-- conf-enabled
# | `-- *.conf
# `-- sites-enabled
# `-- *.conf
#
#
# * apache2.conf is the main configuration file (this file). It puts the pieces
# together by including all remaining configuration files when starting up the
# web server.
#
# * ports.conf is always included from the main configuration file. It is
# supposed to determine listening ports for incoming connections which can be
# customized anytime.
#
# * Configuration files in the mods-enabled/,conf-enabled/ and sites-enabled/
# directories contain particular configuration snippets which manage modules,
# global configuration fragments,or virtual host configurations,
# respectively.
#
# They are activated by symlinking available configuration files from their
# respective *-available/ counterparts. These should be managed by using our
# helpers a2enmod/a2dismod,a2ensite/a2dissite and a2enconf/a2disconf. See
# their respective man pages for detailed information.
#
# * The binary is called apache2. Due to the use of environment variables,in
# the default configuration,apache2 needs to be started/stopped with
# /etc/init.d/apache2 or apache2ctl. Calling /usr/bin/apache2 directly will not
# work with the default configuration.




# Global configuration
#


#
# ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's
# configuration,error,and log files are kept.
#
# NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)
# mounted filesystem then please read the Mutex documentation (available
# at <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/core.html#mutex>);
# you will save yourself a lot of trouble.
#
# Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.
#
#ServerRoot "/etc/apache2"


#
# The accept serialization lock file MUST BE STORED ON A LOCAL DISK.
#
Mutex file:${APACHE_LOCK_DIR} default


#
# PidFile: The file in which the server should record its process
# identification number when it starts.
# This needs to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars
#
PidFile ${APACHE_PID_FILE}


#
# Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.
#
Timeout 300


#
# KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than
# one request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.
#
KeepAlive On


#
# MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allow
# during a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount.
# We recommend you leave this number high,for maximum performance.
#
MaxKeepAliveRequests 100


#
# KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the
# same client on the same connection.
#
KeepAliveTimeout 5




# These need to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars
User ${APACHE_RUN_USER}
Group ${APACHE_RUN_GROUP}


#
# HostnameLookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addresses
# e.g.,www.apache.org (on) or 204.62.129.132 (off).
# The default is off because it'd be overall better for the net if people
# had to knowingly turn this feature on,since enabling it means that
# each client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup request to the
# nameserver.
#
HostnameLookups Off


# ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.
# If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost>
# container,error messages relating to that virtual host will be
# logged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost>
# container,that host's errors will be logged there and not here.
#
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log


#
# LogLevel: Control the severity of messages logged to the error_log.
# Available values: trace8,...,trace1,debug,info,notice,warn,
# error,crit,alert,emerg.
# It is also possible to configure the log level for particular modules,e.g.
# "LogLevel info ssl:warn"
#
LogLevel warn


# Include module configuration:
IncludeOptional mods-enabled/*.load
IncludeOptional mods-enabled/*.conf


# Include list of ports to listen on
Include ports.conf




# Sets the default security model of the Apache2 HTTPD server. It does
# not allow access to the root filesystem outside of /usr/share and /var/www.
# The former is used by web applications packaged in Debian,
# the latter may be used for local directories served by the web server. If
# your system is serving content from a sub-directory in /srv you must allow
# access here,or in any related virtual host.
<Directory />
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>


<Directory /usr/share>
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>


<Directory /var/www/>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>


#<Directory /srv/>
# Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
# AllowOverride None
# Require all granted
#</Directory>








# AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directory
# for additional configuration directives. See also the AllowOverride
# directive.
#
AccessFileName .htaccess


#
# The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being
# viewed by Web clients.
#
<FilesMatch "^\.ht">
Require all denied
</FilesMatch>




#
# The following directives define some format nicknames for use with
# a CustomLog directive.
#
# These deviate from the Common Log Format definitions in that they use %O
# (the actual bytes sent including headers) instead of %b (the size of the
# requested file),because the latter makes it impossible to detect partial
# requests.
#
# Note that the use of %{X-Forwarded-For}i instead of %h is not recommended.
# Use mod_remoteip instead.
#
LogFormat "%v:%p %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" vhost_combined
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O" common
LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer
LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent


# Include of directories ignores editors' and dpkg's backup files,
# see README.Debian for details.


# Include generic snippets of statements
IncludeOptional conf-enabled/*.conf


# Include the virtual host configurations:
IncludeOptional sites-enabled/*.conf

# vim: syntax=apache ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 sr noet

在mods-available/alias.conf 文件里，IfModule alias_module配置block中增加具体的访问目录

Alias /logs "/home/logs"

root@sxu-ubuntu:/etc/apache2# cat mods-available/alias.conf
<IfModule alias_module>
# Aliases: Add here as many aliases as you need (with no limit). The format is
# Alias fakename realname
#
# Note that if you include a trailing / on fakename then the server will
# require it to be present in the URL. So "/icons" isn't aliased in this
# example,only "/icons/". If the fakename is slash-terminated,then the
# realname must also be slash terminated,and if the fakename omits the
# trailing slash,the realname must also omit it.
#
# We include the /icons/ alias for FancyIndexed directory listings. If
# you do not use FancyIndexing,you may comment this out.


Alias /icons/ "/usr/share/apache2/icons/"
Alias /logs "/home/logs"
<Directory "/usr/share/apache2/icons">
Options FollowSymlinks
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>

</IfModule>


# vim: syntax=apache ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 sr noet
root@sxu-ubuntu:/etc/apache2#

如果不做如上的两个配置文件的变更：会出现这样的提示。

You don't have permission to access /logs/ on this server.

最终这样的IP 和 目录就可以访问了 不会出现 http://10.16.148.92/logs/