typescript – 如何解决使用大量自定义组件创建复杂表单的问题？

假设我从angular2 app生成的html看起来像这样：

<app>
<form [formGroup]="myForm" (ngSubmit)="onSubmit(myForm.value)">
<panel-component>
    <mid-component>
        <inner-component-with-inputs>
            <input/>
        <inner-component-with-inputs>
    <mid-component>
</panel-component>
<panel-component>
    <mid-component>
        <inner-component-with-inputs>
            <input/>
        <inner-component-with-inputs>
    <mid-component>
</panel-component>

<!-- many many many fields -->

<button type="submit">Submit</button>
</form>
</app>

如何设置外部< form>以这种方式我可以在提交时验证所有内部输入？我是否必须通过@Input()将myForm从面板组件一直传递到内部组件与输入？或者还有其他方式吗？

在我的应用程序中,我有非常大的形式,有多个面板,子面板,标签,模态等.我需要能够在提交时立即验证它.

互联网上的所有教程和资源仅涉及跨越一个组件/模板的表单.

解决方法

当涉及父/子关系时,您将在整个Angular源代码中看到的常见模式是父类型,将自身添加为自身的提供者.这样做是允许子组件注入父组件.由于 hierarchical DI,在组件树中只会有一个父组件的实例.下面是一个可能看起来像的例子

export abstract class FormControlContainer {
  abstract addControl(name: string,control: FormControl): void;
  abstract removeControl(name: string): void;
}

export const formGroupContainerProvider: any = {
  provide: FormControlContainer,useExisting: forwardRef(() => NestedFormComponentsComponent)
};

@Component({
  selector: 'nested-form-components',template: `
    ...
  `,directives: [REACTIVE_FORM_DIRECTIVES,ChildComponent],providers: [formGroupContainerProvider]
})
export class ParentComponent implements FormControlContainer {
  form: FormGroup = new FormGroup({});

  addControl(name: string,control: FormControl) {
    this.form.addControl(name,control);
  }

  removeControl(name: string) {
    this.form.removeControl(name);
  }
}

一些说明：

>我们使用接口/抽象父(FormControlContainer)有几个原因

>它将ParentComponent与ChildComponent分离.孩子不需要知道关于特定ParentComponent的任何信息.所有它知道的是FormControlContainer和合同.
>我们只通过接口契约在ParentComponent上公开需要的方法.

>我们只将ParentComponent宣传为FormControlContainer,因此后者是我们将注入的内容.
>我们以formControlContainerProvider的形式创建提供程序,然后将该提供程序添加到ParentComponent.由于分层DI,现在所有孩子都可以访问父母.
>如果您不熟悉forwardRef,this is a great article

现在,你可以做孩子

@Component({
  selector: 'child-component',directives: [REACTIVE_FORM_DIRECTIVES]
})
export class ChildComponent implements OnDestroy {
  firstName: FormControl;
  lastName: FormControl;

  constructor(private _parent: FormControlContainer) {
    this.firstName = new FormControl('',Validators.required);
    this.lastName = new FormControl('',Validators.required);
    this._parent.addControl('firstName',this.firstName);
    this._parent.addControl('lastName',this.lastName);
  }

  ngOnDestroy() {
    this._parent.removeControl('firstName');
    this._parent.removeControl('lastName');
  }
}

IMO,这比通过@Inputs传递FormGroup要好得多.如前所述,这是Angular源代码中的常见设计,因此我认为可以肯定地说这是一种可接受的模式.

如果要使子组件更可重用,可以创建构造函数参数@Optional().

以下是我用来测试上述例子的完整资料

import {
  Component,OnInit,ViewChildren,QueryList,OnDestroy,forwardRef,Injector
} from '@angular/core';
import {
  FormControl,FormGroup,ControlContainer,Validators,FormGroupDirective,REACTIVE_FORM_DIRECTIVES
} from '@angular/forms';


export abstract class FormControlContainer {
  abstract addControl(name: string,template: `
    <form [formGroup]="form">
      <child-component></child-component>
      <div>
        <button type="button" (click)="onSubmit()">Submit</button>
      </div>
    </form>
  `,forwardRef(() => ChildComponent)],providers: [formGroupContainerProvider]
})
export class NestedFormComponentsComponent implements FormControlContainer {

  form = new FormGroup({});

  onSubmit(e) {
    if (!this.form.valid) {
      console.log('form is INVALID!')
      if (this.form.hasError('required',['firstName'])) {
        console.log('First name is required.');
      }
      if (this.form.hasError('required',['lastName'])) {
        console.log('Last name is required.');
      }
    } else {
      console.log('form is VALID!');
    }
  }

  addControl(name: string,control: FormControl): void {
    this.form.addControl(name,control);
  }

  removeControl(name: string): void {
    this.form.removeControl(name);
  }
}

@Component({
  selector: 'child-component',template: `
    <div>
      <label for="firstName">First name:</label>
      <input id="firstName" [formControl]="firstName" type="text"/>
    </div>
    <div>
      <label for="lastName">Last name:</label>
      <input id="lastName" [formControl]="lastName" type="text"/>
    </div>
  `,this.lastName);
  }


  ngOnDestroy() {
    this._parent.removeControl('firstName');
    this._parent.removeControl('lastName');
  }
}