PHP实现把数字ID转字母ID

PHP 2018-12-30

ID是网站中经常出现的，它一般是数字，但是我们发现现在的网站很多ID都是字母了,比如YouTube的视频播放页它的URL类似/watch?v=yzNjIBEdyww。下面是一个生成字母ID的方法。
使用示例：
<div class="codetitle"><a style="CURSOR: pointer" data="31788" class="copybut" id="copybut31788" onclick="doCopy('code31788')"> 代码如下:

<div class="codebody" id="code31788">
alphaID(12354）； //会将数字转换为字母。
alphaID('PpQXn7COf',true）；//会将字母ID转换为对应的数字。
alphaID(12354,false,6）；//指定生成字母ID的长度为6.

源码：
<div class="codetitle"><a style="CURSOR: pointer" data="23502" class="copybut" id="copybut23502" onclick="doCopy('code23502')"> 代码如下:

<div class="codebody" id="code23502">
<?php
/*
Translates a number to a short alhanumeric version

Translated any number up to 9007199254740992
to a shorter version in letters e.g.:
9007199254740989 --> PpQXn7COf

specifiying the second argument true,it will
translate back e.g.:
PpQXn7COf --> 9007199254740989

this function is based on any2dec && dec2any by
fragmer[at]mail[dot]ru
see: http://nl3.php.net/manual/en/function.base-convert.php#52450

If you want the alphaID to be at least 3 letter long,use the
$pad_up = 3 argument

In most cases this is better than totally random ID generators
because this can easily avoid duplicate ID's.
For example if you correlate the alpha ID to an auto incrementing ID
in your database,you're done.

The reverse is done because it makes it slightly more cryptic,
but it also makes it easier to spread lots of IDs in different
directories on your filesystem. Example:
$part1 = substr($alpha_id,1);
$part2 = substr($alpha_id,1,1);
$part3 = substr($alpha_id,2,strlen($alpha_id));
$destindir = "/".$part1."/".$part2."/".$part3;
// by reversing,directories are more evenly spread out. The
// first 26 directories already occupy 26 main levels

more info on limitation:
- http://blade.nagaokaut.ac.jp/cgi-bin/scat.rb/ruby/ruby-talk/165372

if you really need this for bigger numbers you probably have to look
at things like: http://theserverpages.com/php/manual/en/ref.bc.php
or: http://theserverpages.com/php/manual/en/ref.gmp.php
but I haven't really dugg into this. If you have more info on those
matters feel free to leave a comment.

@author Kevin van Zonneveld kevin@vanzonneveld.net
@author Simon Franz
@author Deadfish
@copyright 2008 Kevin van Zonneveld (http://kevin.vanzonneveld.net)
@license http://www.opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php New BSD Licence
@version SVN: Release: $Id: alphaID.inc.php 344 2009-06-10 17:43:59Z kevin $
@link http://kevin.vanzonneveld.net/

@param mixed $in String or long input to translate
@param boolean $to_num Reverses translation when true
@param mixed $pad_up Number or boolean padds the result up to a specified length
@param string $passKey Supplying a password makes it harder to calculate the original ID

@return mixed string or long
/
function alphaID($in,$to_num = false,$pad_up = false,$passKey = null)
{
$index = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
if ($passKey !== null) {
// Although this function's purpose is to just make the
// ID short - and not so much secure,
// with this patch by Simon Franz (http://blog.snaky.org/)
// you can optionally supply a password to make it harder
// to calculate the corresponding numeric ID for ($n = 0; $n<strlen($index); $n++) {
$i[] = substr( $index,$n,1);
} $passhash = hash('sha256',$passKey);
$passhash = (strlen($passhash) < strlen($index))
? hash('sha512',$passKey)
: $passhash; for ($n=0; $n < strlen($index); $n++) {
$p[] = substr($passhash,1);
} array_multisort($p,SORT_DESC,$i);
$index = implode($i);
} $base = strlen($index); if ($to_num) {
// Digital number <<-- alphabet letter code
$in = strrev($in);
$out = 0;
$len = strlen($in) - 1;
for ($t = 0; $t <= $len; $t++) {
$bcpow = bcpow($base,$len - $t);
$out = $out + strpos($index,substr($in,$t,1)) $bcpow;
} if (is_numeric($pad_up)) {
$pad_up--;
if ($pad_up > 0) {
$out -= pow($base,$pad_up);
}
}
$out = sprintf('%F',$out);
$out = substr($out,strpos($out,'.'));
} else {
// Digital number -->> alphabet letter code
if (is_numeric($pad_up)) {
$pad_up--;
if ($pad_up > 0) {
$in += pow($base,$pad_up);
}
} $out = "";
for ($t = floor(log($in,$base)); $t >= 0; $t--) {
$bcp = bcpow($base,$t);
$a = floor($in / $bcp) % $base;
$out = $out . substr($index,$a,1);
$in = $in - ($a * $bcp);
}
$out = strrev($out); // reverse
} return $out;
}

PHP 数字转字母

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