将pandas.DataFrame写入.xlsx格式的Excel工作簿非常简单:
import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame({'firstColumn' : [5, 2, 0, 10, 4], 'secondColumn' : [9, 8, 21, 3, 8]})
print(df)
df.to_excel('test.xlsx')
这使:
firstColumn secondColumn
0 5 9
1 2 8
2 0 21
3 10 3
4 4 8
和相应的Excel文件.
是否有可能将DataFrame写入.xlsm Excel文件?这实际上与.xlsx大致相同,但可以在文件中存储VBA宏.我需要这个,因为我想在创建文件后插入并运行VBA宏.
但是,在常规xlsx文件上尝试此操作时,我在弹出窗口中收到以下错误消息:
The following features cannot be saved in macro-free workbooks: VB project.
To save a file with these features, click No, and then choose a macro-enabled file type in the File Type list.
To continue saving as macro-free workbook, click Yes.
然后我可以手动选择将文件保存为.xlsm,这将包含我的宏.但是,如果没有额外的步骤,我宁愿自动执行此操作.
documentation for the to_excel
method表明这应该是可能的(参见引擎参数).但是,我不明白如何启用它.
当我只是将输出文件名更改为* .xlsm时,会创建一个名为.xlsm的.xlsx文件.当我试图打开它时,我明白了
Excel cannot open the file 'myFilename.xlsm' because the file format or file extension is not valid. Verify that the file has not been corrupted and that the file extension matches the format of the file.
如果我手动将扩展名更改为.xlsx,我可以再次打开它.
关于this part of the pandas
documentation:
openpyxl
: This includes stable support for OpenPyxl 1.6.1 up to but not including 2.0.0, and experimental support for OpenPyxl 2.0.0 and later.`
我的Openpyxl版本是1.8.6.更新到2.1.4并没有解决问题.也没有将XlsxWriter从0.63更新到0.6.6.
如建议使用df.to_excel(‘test.xlsx’,engine =’openpyxl’)也没有解决问题.
解决方法:
Pandas要求工作簿名称以.xls或.xlsx结尾.它使用扩展名来选择要使用的Excel引擎.
import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame({'First' : [5, 2, 0, 10, 4],
'Second' : [9, 8, 21, 3, 8]})
writer = pd.ExcelWriter('test.xlsx', engine='xlsxwriter')
df.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='Sheet1')
workbook = writer.book
workbook.filename = 'test.xlsm'
# !! Won't load in Excel !!
writer.save()
但是,由于称为“扩展强化”的功能,Excel不会打开此文件,因为它知道它不包含宏,实际上不是xlsm文件. (这是您在上面报告的Excel错误.)
您可以通过从真实的xlsm文件中提取VbaProject.bin宏文件并将其插入新文件来解决此问题与最新版本的XlsxWriter:
import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame({'First' : [5, 2, 0, 10, 4],
'Second' : [9, 8, 21, 3, 8]})
writer = pd.ExcelWriter('test.xlsx', engine='xlsxwriter')
df.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='Sheet1')
workbook = writer.book
workbook.filename = 'test.xlsm'
workbook.add_vba_project('./vbaProject.bin')
writer.save()
有关更多信息,请参阅XlsxWriter文档的Working with VBA Macros部分.