概述
DML(Data Manipulation Language)语句:数据操纵语句,用于添加、删除、更新和查询数据库记录,并检查数据完整性.
关键字
INSERT
DELETE
UPDATE
SELETE
INSERT语句
INSERT
语句主要用于向数据表中插入数据。
语法格式
INSERT [LOW_PRIORITY | DELAYED | HIGH_PRIORITY] [IGnorE]
[INTO] tbl_name
[PARTITION (partition_name [,partition_name] ...)]
[(col_name [,col_name] ...)]
{VALUES | VALUE} (value_list) [,(value_list)] ...
[ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE assignment_list]
INSERT [LOW_PRIORITY | DELAYED | HIGH_PRIORITY] [IGnorE]
[INTO] tbl_name
[PARTITION (partition_name [,partition_name] ...)]
SET assignment_list
[ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE assignment_list]
INSERT [LOW_PRIORITY | HIGH_PRIORITY] [IGnorE]
[INTO] tbl_name
[PARTITION (partition_name [,col_name] ...)]
SELECT ...
[ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE assignment_list]
value:
{expr | DEFAULT}
value_list:
value [,value] ...
assignment:
col_name = value
assignment_list:
assignment [,assignment] ...
DELETE语句
语法格式
单表删除
DELETE [LOW_PRIORITY] [QUICK] [IGnorE] FROM tbl_name
[PARTITION (partition_name [,partition_name] ...)]
[WHERE where_condition]
[ORDER BY ...]
[LIMIT row_count]
多表删除
DELETE [LOW_PRIORITY] [QUICK] [IGnorE]
tbl_name[.*] [,tbl_name[.*]] ...
FROM table_references
[WHERE where_condition]
DELETE [LOW_PRIORITY] [QUICK] [IGnorE]
FROM tbl_name[.*] [,tbl_name[.*]] ...
USING table_references
[WHERE where_condition]
UPDATE语句
语法格式
单表更新
UPDATE [LOW_PRIORITY] [IGnorE] table_reference
SET assignment_list
[WHERE where_condition]
[ORDER BY ...]
[LIMIT row_count]
value:
{expr | DEFAULT}
assignment:
col_name = value
assignment_list:
assignment [,assignment] ...
多表更新
UPDATE [LOW_PRIORITY] [IGnorE] table_references
SET assignment_list
[WHERE where_condition]
SELECT语句
SELECT
语句主要用来查询数据表中的数据。
语法格式
SELECT
[ALL | disTINCT | disTINCTROW ]
[HIGH_PRIORITY]
[STRAIGHT_JOIN]
[sql_SMALL_RESULT] [sql_BIG_RESULT] [sql_BUFFER_RESULT]
[sql_CACHE | sql_NO_CACHE] [sql_CALC_FOUND_ROWS]
select_expr [,select_expr ...]
[FROM table_references
[PARTITION partition_list]
[WHERE where_condition]
[GROUP BY {col_name | expr | position}
[ASC | DESC],... [WITH ROLLUP]]
[HAVING where_condition]
[ORDER BY {col_name | expr | position}
[ASC | DESC],...]
[LIMIT {[offset,] row_count | row_count OFFSET offset}]
[PROCEDURE procedure_name(argument_list)]
[INTO OUTFILE 'file_name'
[CHaraCTER SET charset_name]
export_options
| INTO DUMPFILE 'file_name'
| INTO var_name [,var_name]]
[FOR UPDATE | LOCK IN SHARE MODE]]