redhat – 我签署的RPM上的签名错误或NOKEY错误

我在让RPM签名为RHEL / CentOS 5主机工作时遇到严重问题.

TL; DR：RPM签名不起作用,并且它正在以各种疯狂和不稳定的方式工作,具体取决于确切的GPG密钥大小和格式,甚至是生成它的位置,当rpm -qa显示密钥时会产生NOKEY错误gpg- *存在;在具有相同密钥的同一台计算机上签名的RPM上出现BAD签名错误;密钥上的密码短语错误,gpg直接接受密码短语而没有问题;等等

我已经使用4096,2048和1024位RSA密钥以及2048位DSA密钥进行了测试,在同一个CentOS 5.10 VM上进行签名和验证.行为因密钥类型和大小而异,但我还没有找到任何实际可行的东西.

使用XXX屏蔽名称,电子邮件和RPM文件名但不进行其他编辑,例如,DSA 2048密钥：

$rpm --version
RPM version 4.4.2.3

$gpg --list-secret 92fb1e62
sec   2048D/92FB1E62 2014-08-29 [expires: 2015-08-29]
uid                  XXX <[e-mail]>
ssb   2048g/2E0F0A24 2014-08-29 [expires: 2015-08-29]

$gpg -a --export 92fb1e62 > /tmp/packagers

$sudo rpm --import /tmp/packagers

$rpm -qa gpg*
gpg-pubkey-92fb1e62-54001945

$rpmsign --define '%_gpg_name [e-mail]' --resign test.el5.x86_64.rpm
Enter pass phrase: 
Pass phrase is good.
test.el5.x86_64.rpm:
gpg: WARNING: standard input reopened
gpg: WARNING: standard input reopened

$rpm -v -K test.el5.x86_64.rpm
test.el5.x86_64.rpm:
    Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY,key ID 92fb1e62
    Header SHA1 digest: OK (47271f9fa8ac0ce03b980ff75a37f10d3b78ee7c)
    MD5 digest: OK (f453985ee4331d36cb82d2c4f6009509)
    V3 DSA signature: NOKEY,key ID 92fb1e62

NOKEY？这有什么用呢？

我正常使用rpm –import导入密钥.它导入没有错误.它列在RPM DB中.然而RPM的验证命令却看不到它.

我在CentOS 5上看到4096位RSA密钥存在同样的问题.

(在Fedora 20上,它失败了：

$rpmsign --define '%_gpg_name [e-mail]' --resign test.x86_64.rpm
Enter pass phrase: 
Pass phrase is good.
test.x86_64.rpm:
error: Unsupported PGP signature

……至少在签约时失败了,而不是以后.)

如果我在CentOS 5上使用2048或1024位RSA密钥,我会在验证签名时报告BAD签名,尽管事实上我只是使用该密钥签署了RPM：

$gpg --import /mnt/repo/packaging-key-secret-1024
gpg: key 1FC138CC: secret key imported
gpg: key 1FC138CC: public key "XXX <[e-mail]>" imported
gpg: Total number processed: 1
gpg:               imported: 1  (RSA: 1)
gpg:       secret keys read: 1
gpg:   secret keys imported: 1

$gpg -a --export [e-mail] > /tmp/packagers

$sudo rpm --import /tmp/packagers

$rpm --define '%_gpg_name [e-mail]'  --resign test.x86_64.rpm
Enter pass phrase: 
Pass phrase is good.
test.x86_64.rpm:
gpg: WARNING: standard input reopened
gpg: WARNING: standard input reopened

$$rpm -v -K test.x86_64.rpm
test.x86_64.rpm:
Header V3 RSA/SHA1 signature: BAD,key ID 1fc138cc
Header SHA1 digest: OK (1befc128ddd02a79d1b1098bc16aff4532b5af6c)
V3 RSA/SHA1 signature: BAD,key ID 1fc138cc
MD5 digest: OK (2aaacbe1db08a2c63c94f2f705693c7d)

认真. W.T.F？我正处于一种令人沮丧的头脑中,并且正在向Stack Exchange的怜悯投掷自己. RPM包装商,请分享你的秘密签名伏都教.

It doesn’t seem to be do to with the warnings about stdin being re-opened.

(我很乐意不支持EL5,但是我坚持支持它一段时间,以及更新和更健全的发行版).

其他相关信息：

$gpg --version
gpg (GnuPG) 1.4.5
...blahcopyrightblah...
Supported algorithms:
Pubkey: RSA,RSA-E,RSA-S,ELG-E,DSA
Cipher: 3DES,CAST5,BLOWFISH,AES,AES192,AES256,TWOFISH
Hash: MD5,SHA1,RIPEMD160,SHA256,SHA384,SHA512,SHA224

$cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS release 5.10 (Final)

哦,对于奖励WTF积分,我直接在CentOS盒子上生成一个一次性的新密钥,密码为“fred”.我可以用它来签名：

$gpg -q -a -b --sign -u [e-mail] testfile
You need a passphrase to unlock the secret key for
user: "XXX <[e-mail]>"
1024-bit DSA key,ID 99188B9C,created 2014-08-29

并验证它：

$gpg -v testfile.asc 
gpg: armor header: Version: GnuPG v1.4.5 (GNU/Linux)
gpg: assuming signed data in `testfile.asc'
gpg: Signature made Fri 29 Aug 2014 08:02:47 AM UTC using DSA key ID 99188B9C
gpg: Good signature from "XXX <[e-mail]>"
gpg: binary signature,digest algorithm SHA1

但是rpmsign更加疯狂.使用完全相同的密码,它拒绝它：

$rpmsign --define '%_gpg_name [e-mail]'  --resign test.el5.x86_64.rpm
Enter pass phrase: 
Pass phrase check Failed

是打字还是复制&粘贴.使用rpm作为包装而不是直接使用rpmsign没有任何区别.

更新：对于新的奖励疯狂点,在使用2048位DSA密钥的CentOS 6.5上,使用在CentOS 6.5目标模拟环境中使用mock编译的test.rpm(即具有匹配的RPM版本)：

$rpmsign --define '%_gpg_name 92FB1E62' --resign test.rpm
Enter pass phrase: 
Pass phrase is good.
test.rpm:

$rpm -v -K test.rpm 
error: skipping package test.rpm with unverifiable V4 signature

是的 – rpmsign只签了包,然后拒绝了自己的签名.

显然大多数人都没有这些问题.我错过了什么？

解决方法

这是一个RPM错误集群.不只是一个bug,还是两个bug.一群生物. RPM失败(失败？)验证签名包,不理解v4 GPG签名但没有注意到它不理解它们,不了解一些密钥大小和类型但没有注意到它不明白,还在子键上窒息！

This lifesaving blog entry by Jacob Helwig,as pointed out by a colleague,covers the issues：

登录/为RHEL / CentOS 5或6登录时,您必须强制GnuPG使用v3签名.

%__gpg_sign_cmd %{__gpg} \
    gpg --force-v3-sigs --digest-algo=sha1 --batch --no-verbose --no-armor \
    --passphrase-fd 3 --no-secmem-warning -u "%{_gpg_name}" \
    -sbo %{__signature_filename} %{__plaintext_filename}

因为RPM在签名后不检查sigversion或验证签名包,并且这些发行版包含默认为v4签名的GPG版本.

您还必须生成一个2048位仅有签名的RSA密钥,不带子密钥.

一些相关的错误：

> RPM seems unable to find (GPG) RSA keys for verifying signatures
> rpm –sign with 4096bit or 2048bit RSA key creates broken signature