我正在尝试在亚马逊上构建一个Custom Centos 5 AMI,并在启动时内核恐慌.
我花了将近一个星期的时间,我无法弄清楚出了什么问题.
我花了将近一个星期的时间,我无法弄清楚出了什么问题.
我遵循了以下食谱：
http://blog.maclawran.ca/gotchas-porting-centos-58-from-virtualbox-to
我也尝试过互联网上其他类似的食谱,结果相同.我从上面的配方中改变的唯一事情是：
>使用最新的Centos ISO / repos(5.9)
>有一个分区(/ boot里面/)
>使用ext4而不是ext3的根分区
步骤几乎如下：
>在Virtual Box上安装Centos
>将.vdi磁盘转换为.img
>将磁盘映像上传到AWS
>将图像复制到卷
>对initrd,fstab,grub.conf进行一些更改
>快照量
>创建AMI
>启动新实例
EC2系统日志
Xen Minimal OS!
start_info: 0xac4000(VA)
nr_pages: 0x26700
shared_inf: 0xbfa11000(MA)
pt_base: 0xac7000(VA)
nr_pt_frames: 0x9
mfn_list: 0x990000(VA)
mod_start: 0x0(VA)
mod_len: 0
flags: 0x0
cmd_line: root=/dev/sda1 ro 4
stack: 0x94f860-0x96f860
MM: Init
_text: 0x0(VA)
_etext: 0x5ffbd(VA)
_erodata: 0x78000(VA)
_edata: 0x80ae0(VA)
stack start: 0x94f860(VA)
_end: 0x98fe68(VA)
start_pfn: ad3
max_pfn: 26700
Mapping memory range 0xc00000 - 0x26700000
setting 0x0-0x78000 readonly
skipped 0x1000
MM: Initialise page allocator for c01000(c01000)-26700000(26700000)
MM: done
Demand map pfns at 26701000-2026701000.
Heap resides at 2026702000-4026702000.
Initialising timer interface
Initialising console ... done.
gnttab_table mapped at 0x26701000.
Initialising scheduler
Thread "Idle": pointer: 0x2026702010,stack: 0x26640000
Initialising xenbus
Thread "xenstore": pointer: 0x20267027c0,stack: 0x26650000
Dummy main: start_info=0x96f960
Thread "main": pointer: 0x2026702f70,stack: 0x26660000
"main" "root=/dev/sda1" "ro" "4"
vbd 2049 is hd0
******************* BLKFRONT for device/vbd/2049 **********
backend at /local/domain/0/backend/vbd/2087/2049
Failed to read /local/domain/0/backend/vbd/2087/2049/feature-barrier.
Failed to read /local/domain/0/backend/vbd/2087/2049/feature-flush-cache.
16777216 sectors of 512 bytes
**************************
Press `ESC' to enter the menu... 1
Press `ESC' to enter the menu... 0
[H
[J Booting 'CentOS (2.6.18-348.2.1.el5)'
root (hd0,0)
Filesystem type is ext2fs,partition type 0x83
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.18-348.2.1.el5xen ro root=LABEL=/
initrd /boot/initrd-2.6.18-348.2.1.el5xenec2.img
xc_dom_probe_bzimage_kernel: kernel is not a bzImage
close blk: backend at /local/domain/0/backend/vbd/2087/2049
Bootdata ok (command line is ro root=LABEL=/)
Linux version 2.6.18-348.2.1.el5xen (mockbuild@builder10.centos.org) (gcc version 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-54)) #1 SMP Tue Mar 5 17:05:33 EST 2013
BIOS-provided physical RAM map:
Xen: 0000000000000000 - 0000000026f00000 (usable)
No mptable found.
Built 1 zonelists. Total pages: 155531
Kernel command line: ro root=LABEL=/
Initializing cpu#0
PID hash table entries: 4096 (order: 12,32768 bytes)
Xen reported: 2666.746 MHz processor.
Console: colour dummy device 80x25
Dentry cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 8,1048576 bytes)
Inode-cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 7,524288 bytes)
Software IO TLB disabled
Memory: 602796k/637952k available (2559k kernel code,26616k reserved,1762k data,196k init)
Calibrating delay using timer specific routine.. 6688.32 BogoMIPS (lpj=13376641)
Security Framework v1.0.0 initialized
SELinux: Initializing.
selinux_register_security: Registering secondary module capability
Capability LSM initialized as secondary
Mount-cache hash table entries: 256
cpu: L1 I cache: 32K,L1 D cache: 32K
cpu: L2 cache: 6144K
cpu: Physical Processor ID: 0
cpu: Processor Core ID: 3
(SMP-)alternatives turned off
brought up 1 cpus
checking if image is initramfs... it is
Grant table initialized
NET: Registered protocol family 16
brought up 1 cpus
PCI: setting up Xen PCI frontend stub
ACPI: Interpreter disabled.
Linux Plug and Play Support v0.97 (c) Adam Belay
pnp: PnP ACPI: disabled
xen_mem: Initialising balloon driver.
usbcore: registered new driver usbfs
usbcore: registered new driver hub
PCI: System does not support PCI
PCI: System does not support PCI
NetLabel: Initializing
NetLabel: domain hash size = 128
NetLabel: protocols = UNLABELED CIPSOv4
NetLabel: unlabeled traffic allowed by default
NET: Registered protocol family 2
IP route cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 6,262144 bytes)
TCP established hash table entries: 131072 (order: 9,2097152 bytes)
TCP bind hash table entries: 65536 (order: 8,1048576 bytes)
TCP: Hash tables configured (established 131072 bind 65536)
TCP reno registered
audit: initializing netlink socket (disabled)
type=2000 audit(1363277397.008:1): initialized
VFS: disk quotas dquot_6.5.1
Dquot-cache hash table entries: 512 (order 0,4096 bytes)
Initializing Cryptographic API
alg: No test for crc32c (crc32c-generic)
ksign: Installing public key data
Loading keyring
- Added public key 1A2C6C3E680FB539
- User ID: CentOS (Kernel Module GPG key)
io scheduler noop registered
io scheduler anticipatory registered
io scheduler deadline registered
io scheduler cfq registered (default)
pci_hotplug: PCI Hot Plug PCI Core version: 0.5
rtc: IRQ 8 is not free.
Non-volatile memory driver v1.2
Linux agpgart interface v0.101 (c) Dave Jones
brd: module loaded
Xen virtual console successfully installed as xvc0
Bootdata ok (command line is ro root=LABEL=/)
Linux version 2.6.18-348.2.1.el5xen (mockbuild@builder10.centos.org) (gcc version 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-54)) #1 SMP Tue Mar 5 17:05:33 EST 2013
BIOS-provided physical RAM map:
Xen: 0000000000000000 - 0000000026f00000 (usable)
No mptable found.
Built 1 zonelists. Total pages: 155531
Kernel command line: ro root=LABEL=/
Initializing cpu#0
PID hash table entries: 4096 (order: 12,4096 bytes)
Initializing Cryptographic API
alg: No test for crc32c (crc32c-generic)
ksign: Installing public key data
Loading keyring
- Added public key 1A2C6C3E680FB539
- User ID: CentOS (Kernel Module GPG key)
io scheduler noop registered
io scheduler anticipatory registered
io scheduler deadline registered
io scheduler cfq registered (default)
pci_hotplug: PCI Hot Plug PCI Core version: 0.5
rtc: IRQ 8 is not free.
Non-volatile memory driver v1.2
Linux agpgart interface v0.101 (c) Dave Jones
brd: module loaded
Xen virtual console successfully installed as xvc0
Event-channel device installed.
Uniform Multi-Platform E-IDE driver Revision: 7.00alpha2
ide: Assuming 50MHz system bus speed for PIO modes; override with idebus=xx
ide-floppy driver 0.99.newide
usbcore: registered new driver hiddev
usbcore: registered new driver usbhid
drivers/usb/input/hid-core.c: v2.6:USB HID core driver
PNP: No PS/2 controller found. Probing ports directly.
i8042.c: No controller found.
mice: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
md: md driver 0.90.3 MAX_MD_DEVS=256,MD_SB_disKS=27
md: bitmap version 4.39
TCP bic registered
Initializing IPsec netlink socket
NET: Registered protocol family 1
NET: Registered protocol family 17
XENBUS: Device with no driver: device/vbd/2049
XENBUS: Device with no driver: device/vif/0
XENBUS: Device with no driver: device/console/0
Initalizing network drop monitor service
Write protecting the kernel read-only data: 506k
Red Hat nash version 5.1.19.6 starting
Mounting proc filesystem
Mounting sysfs filesystem
Creating /dev
Creating initial device nodes
Setting up hotplug.
Creating block device nodes.
Loading ehci-hcd.ko module
Loading ohci-hcd.ko module
Loading uhci-hcd.ko module
USB Universal Host Controller Interface driver v3.0
Loading scsi_mod.ko module
SCSI subsystem initialized
Loading sd_mod.ko module
Loading libata.ko module
Loading ata_piix.ko module
Loading ahci.ko module
Loading dm-mem-cache.ko module
Loading dm-mod.ko module
device-mapper: uevent: version 1.0.3
device-mapper: ioctl: 4.11.6-ioctl (2011-02-18) initialised: dm-devel@redhat.com
Loading dm-log.ko module
Loading dm-region_hash.ko module
Loading dm-message.ko module
Loading dm-raid45.ko module
device-mapper: dm-raid45: initialized v0.2594l
Loading xenblk.ko module
Registering block device major 8
register_blkdev: cannot get major 8 for sd
xen_blk: can't get major 8 with name sd
vbd vbd-2049: 19 xlvbd_add at /local/domain/0/backend/vbd/2087/2049
Loading xennet.ko module
netfront: Initialising virtual ethernet driver.
netfront: device eth0 has copying receive path.
Waiting for driver initialization.
Scanning and configuring dmraid supported devices
Creating root device.
mkrootdev: expected fs options
Mounting root filesystem.
mount: missing mount point
Setting up other filesystems.
Setting up new root fs
setuproot: moving /dev Failed: No such file or directory
no fstab.sys,mounting internal defaults
setuproot: error mounting /proc: No such file or directory
setuproot: error mounting /sys: No such file or directory
Switching to new root and running init.
unmounting old /dev
unmounting old /proc
unmounting old /sys
switchroot: mount Failed: No such file or directory
Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill init!
/boot/grub/grub.conf文件
default=0 timeout=2 hiddenmenu title CentOS (2.6.18-348.2.1.el5) root (hd0,0) kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.18-348.2.1.el5xen ro root=LABEL=/ initrd /boot/initrd-2.6.18-348.2.1.el5xenec2.img
/ etc / fstab文件
LABEL=/ / ext4 defaults 1 1 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
AMI设置：
Root Device: /dev/sda1 Kernel ID: aki-8b655dff Architecture: x86_64 Root Device Type: ebs Image Size: 8 GiB Block Devices: /dev/sda1=snap-4dfffb65:8:true:standard
实例设置：
Root Device: sda1 Block Devices: sda1
/boot/initrd-2.6.18-348.2.1.el5xenec2.img中的init脚本
#!/bin/nash mount -t proc /proc /proc setquiet echo Mounting proc filesystem echo Mounting sysfs filesystem mount -t sysfs /sys /sys echo Creating /dev mount -o mode=0755 -t tmpfs /dev /dev mkdir /dev/pts mount -t devpts -o gid=5,mode=620 /dev/pts /dev/pts mkdir /dev/shm mkdir /dev/mapper echo Creating initial device nodes mknod /dev/null c 1 3 mknod /dev/zero c 1 5 mknod /dev/urandom c 1 9 mknod /dev/systty c 4 0 mknod /dev/tty c 5 0 mknod /dev/console c 5 1 mknod /dev/ptmx c 5 2 mknod /dev/rtc c 10 135 mknod /dev/tty0 c 4 0 mknod /dev/tty1 c 4 1 mknod /dev/tty2 c 4 2 mknod /dev/tty3 c 4 3 mknod /dev/tty4 c 4 4 mknod /dev/tty5 c 4 5 mknod /dev/tty6 c 4 6 mknod /dev/tty7 c 4 7 mknod /dev/tty8 c 4 8 mknod /dev/tty9 c 4 9 mknod /dev/tty10 c 4 10 mknod /dev/tty11 c 4 11 mknod /dev/tty12 c 4 12 mknod /dev/ttyS0 c 4 64 mknod /dev/ttyS1 c 4 65 mknod /dev/ttyS2 c 4 66 mknod /dev/ttyS3 c 4 67 echo Setting up hotplug. hotplug echo Creating block device nodes. mkblkdevs echo "Loading ehci-hcd.ko module" insmod /lib/ehci-hcd.ko echo "Loading ohci-hcd.ko module" insmod /lib/ohci-hcd.ko echo "Loading uhci-hcd.ko module" insmod /lib/uhci-hcd.ko mount -t usbfs /proc/bus/usb /proc/bus/usb echo "Loading scsi_mod.ko module" insmod /lib/scsi_mod.ko echo "Loading sd_mod.ko module" insmod /lib/sd_mod.ko echo "Loading libata.ko module" insmod /lib/libata.ko echo "Loading ata_piix.ko module" insmod /lib/ata_piix.ko echo "Loading ahci.ko module" insmod /lib/ahci.ko echo "Loading dm-mem-cache.ko module" insmod /lib/dm-mem-cache.ko echo "Loading dm-mod.ko module" insmod /lib/dm-mod.ko echo "Loading dm-log.ko module" insmod /lib/dm-log.ko echo "Loading dm-region_hash.ko module" insmod /lib/dm-region_hash.ko echo "Loading dm-message.ko module" insmod /lib/dm-message.ko echo "Loading dm-raid45.ko module" insmod /lib/dm-raid45.ko echo "Loading xenblk.ko module" insmod /lib/xenblk.ko echo "Loading xennet.ko module" insmod /lib/xennet.ko echo Waiting for driver initialization. stabilized --hash --interval 1000 /proc/scsi/scsi mkblkdevs echo Scanning and configuring dmraid supported devices echo Creating root device. mkrootdev -t -o defaults,ro echo Mounting root filesystem. mount /sysroot echo Setting up other filesystems. setuproot echo Switching to new root and running init. switchroot
任何帮助是极大的赞赏
古斯塔沃
解决方法
在这两点之间是你的线索
mkrootdev: expected fs options ... switchroot: mount Failed: No such file or directory Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill init!
引导加载程序已将内核加载到内存中并解压缩initrd. init进程已经启动并尝试安装永久存储(即：根文件系统),此时卸载initramfs并从永久存储继续引导.
你的initrd无法挂载根文件系统,所以init死了,因此你的内核恐慌.
我会尝试将/和/ boot分离到单独的分区中,并使用ext3.我对Amazon或VirtualBox了解不多,但我知道Red Hat不会支持EL5上的ext4根文件系统,因此它不是预期的或经过测试的用例.
