java – 字符串的组合形成一个字符串给出不同的结果

为什么当我使用下面的操作来总结字符时,它会返回数字而不是字符？不应该给出相同的结果吗？

ret += ... ; // returns numbers

ret = ret + ...; // returns chars

下面的代码重复了这些字符：

doubleChar(“The”)→“TThhee”

public String doubleChar(String str) {

    String ret = "";
    for(int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {
        ret = ret + str.charat(i) + str.charat(i); // it concatenates the letters correctly
        //ret += str.charat(i) + str.charat(i); // it concatenates numbers
    }
    return ret;
}

解决方法

以下表达式的结果

ret + str.charat(i) + str.charat(i);

是String连接的结果. The Java language specification states

The result of string concatenation is a reference to a String object
that is the concatenation of the two operand strings. The characters
of the left-hand operand precede the characters of the right-hand
operand in the newly created string.

的结果

str.charat(i) + str.charat(i);

是加法运算符应用于两种数值类型的结果. The Java language specification states

The binary + operator performs addition when applied to two operands
of numeric type,producing the sum of the operands.
[…]
The type of an additive expression on numeric operands is the promoted
type of its operands.

在这种情况下

str.charat(i) + str.charat(i);

成为一个保持两个char值的和的int.然后连接到ret.

您可能还想知道关于复合赋值表达式=的信息

A compound assignment expression of the form E1 op= E2 is equivalent
to E1 = (T) ((E1) op (E2)),where T is the type of E1,except that E1
is evaluated only once.

换一种说法

ret += str.charat(i) + str.charat(i);

相当于

ret = (String) ((ret) + (str.charat(i) + str.charat(i)));
                      |                ^ integer addition
                      |
                      ^ string concatenation