通过命令行存档和分发iOS应用程序到App Store

iOS 2019-08-11
通常,当向App Store提交iOS应用程序时,我做产品 – >从 Xcode存档,然后选择分发到App Store.我可以通过以下方式成功归档一个构建： 
xcodebuild -scheme "myScheme" archive -archivePath /my/path/myArchive

但是如何使用正确的配置文件进行签名过程,并通过命令行进行分发？

对于特别构建,我在归档后生成我的ipa：

xcodebuild -exportArchive -exportFormat IPA -archivePath myArchive.xcarchive -exportPath /my/path/myFile.ipa -exportProvisioningProfile 'my adhoc profile name'

但是,当分发到应用商店时,我甚至需要产生一个ipa吗？无论哪种方式,如何使用正确的配置文件进行签名并通过命令行进行分发？

解决方法

请参阅答案底部的Xcode 8更新.

首先要回答问题的最后一部分 – 是的App Store配置配置文件需要通过iTunes连接提交您的应用程序.它不会通过预验证步骤,除非它具有正确的配置文件.您将需要在会员中心创建App Store分销档案

选择“App Store”,然后点击继续

问题的第一部分更困难一点,因为使用命令行工具创建,签名和分发存档和IPA文件记录不足.实施脚本解决方案充满了陷阱,因为在某些情况下工具不能像预期那样运行,需要更详细地了解开发人员帐户,钥匙串,签名证书和配置文件之间的关系.

以下是可用于使用嵌入式Ad Hoc配置文件创建归档的脚本示例,为Ad Hoc分发创建IPA.作为奖励,DSYMs zip文件被创建用于上传到TestFlight.然后再提供两个脚本.第一个将从现有xcarchive创建一个App Store版本的IPA,第二个将显示如何修改xcarchive,以便其可以由Enterprise In House分发的第三方辞职.

此自动构建脚本假定配置配置文件在使用源代码签入的名为ProvisioningProfiles的目录中可用.它还假定密码解锁钥匙串,将签名证书存储在构建用户主目录中的受保护文件中.

#!/bin/sh

# SETME
# set to name of signing certification usually starts something like "iPhone distribution: ...."
# (the associated private key must be available in the key store)
#
# use the command "security find-identity" to list all the possible values available
#
codeSignIdentity="iPhone distribution"

# SETME
# set to location of Ad Hoc provisioning profile
# (this profile must have the codeSignIdentity specified above included in it)
#
provisioningProfile=ProvisioningProfiles/MyAppAdHocdistribution.mobileprovision

# The keychain needs to be unlocked for signing,which requires the keychain
# password. This is stored in a file in the build account only accessible to
# the build account user
if [ ! -f $HOME/.pass ] ; then
    echo "no keychain password file available"
    exit 1
fi

case `stat -L -f "%p" $HOME/.pass`
in
    *400) ;;
    *)
        echo "keychain password file permissions are not restrictive enough"
        echo "chmod 400 $HOME/.pass"
        exit 1
        ;;
esac

#
# turn off tracing if it is on for security command
# to prevent logging of password
#
case `set -o | grep xtrace`
in
    *on) xon=yes ;;
    *) xon=no ;;
esac

#
# unlock the keychain,automatically lock keychain on script exit
#
[ $xon == yes ] && set +x
security unlock-keychain -p `cat $HOME/.pass` $HOME/Library/Keychains/login.keychain
[ $xon == yes ] && set -x
trap "security lock-keychain $HOME/Library/Keychains/login.keychain" EXIT

#
# Extract the profile UUID from the checked in Provisioning Profile.
#
uuid=`/usr/libexec/plistbuddy -c Print:UUID /dev/stdin <<< \
        \`security cms -D -i $provisioningProfile\``

#
# copy the profile to the location XCode expects to find it and start the build,# specifying which profile and signing identity to use for the archived app
#
cp -f $provisioningProfile \
        "$HOME/Library/MobileDevice/Provisioning Profiles/$uuid.mobileprovision"

#
# Build the xcarchive - this will only be done once,will will then
# distribute it for Ad Hoc,App Store and Enterprise In House scenarios
# (profile must be specified by UUID for this step)
#
xcodebuild \
    -workspace MyApp.xcworkspace \
    -scheme MyApp \
    -archivePath build/MyApp.xcarchive \
    archive \
    PROVISIONING_PROFILE="$uuid" \
    CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY="$codeSignIdentity"

#
# Create a zip of the DSYMs for TestFlight
#
/usr/bin/zip -r MyApp.dSYM.zip build/MyApp.xcarchive/dSYMs/MyApp.app.dSYM

#
# Now distribute the xcarchive using an Ad Hoc profile
# (for QA testing for example)
#
profileName=`/usr/libexec/plistbuddy -c Print:Name /dev/stdin <<< \
        \`security cms -D -i $provisioningProfile\``

#
# The profile must be specified by name for this step
#
xcodebuild \
        -exportArchive \
        -exportFormat IPA \
        -archivePath build/MyApp.xcarchive \
        -exportPath MyAppForAdHoc.ipa \
        -exportProvisioningProfile "$profileName"

要使用App Store distribution配置文件重新分发xcarchive,请使用新配置文件重新导出xcarchive(Ad Hoc和App Store配置文件的签名身份相同).

# SETME
# set to location of App Store provisioning profile
#
appStoreProvisioningProfile=ProvisioningProfiles/MyAppAppStoredistribution.mobileprovision

#
# Extract the App Store profile UUID from the checked in Provisioning Profile.
#
uuid=`/usr/libexec/plistbuddy -c Print:UUID /dev/stdin <<< \
        \`security cms -D -i $appStoreProvisioningProfile\``

#
# copy the profile to the location XCode expects to find it and start the export,# specifying which profile to use for the archived app
# (Profile must match with signing identity used to create xcarchive)
#
cp -f $appStoreProvisioningProfile \
        "$HOME/Library/MobileDevice/Provisioning Profiles/$uuid.mobileprovision"

#
# Extract the enterprise profile name from the checked in App Store Provisioning Profile.
# and redistribute the xcarchive as an App Store ready IPA
#
profileName=`/usr/libexec/plistbuddy -c Print:Name /dev/stdin <<< \
        \`security cms -D -i $appStoreProvisioningProfile\``

#
# Profile must be specified by name for this step
#
xcodebuild \
    -exportArchive \
    -exportFormat IPA \
    -archivePath build/MyApp.xcarchive \
    -exportPath MyAppForStore.ipa \
    -exportProvisioningProfile "$profileName"

最后只要完成,如果你想用新的身份和配置文件来辞职xcarchive呢？如果您将内部分发xcarchives分发给第三方公司,可能会发生这种情况.收件人需要使用其企业证书签署您的xcarchive进行分发. xcodebuild不能强制覆盖xcarchive中的现有代码签名,因此必须直接使用codeignign.

# SETME
# set to name of enterprise signing certification usually starts something like
# "iPhone distribution: ...."
#
# use the command "security find-identity" to list all the possible values available
#
enterpriseCodeSignIdentity="iPhone distribution: Acme Ltd"

# SETME
# set to location of Enterprise In-House provisioning profile
# (this profile must be associated with the enterprise code signing identity)
#
enterpriseProvisioningProfile=ProvisioningProfiles/MyAppInHousedistribution.mobileprovision

# SETME
# A resigning of the app with a different certificate requires a new bundle ID
# that is registered by the Enterprise and is included in the In-House distribution
# profile (This Could be automatically extracted from the Enterprise In-House distribution
# profile,I leave that as an ETTR)
enterpriseBundleId="com.enterprise.myapp"

#
# Extract the enterprise profile UUID from the checked in Provisioning Profile.
#
euuid=`/usr/libexec/plistbuddy -c Print:UUID /dev/stdin <<< \
        \`security cms -D -i $enterpriseProvisioningProfile\``

#
# copy the profile to the location XCode expects to find it and start the build,# specifying which profile and signing identity to use for the archived app
#
cp -f $enterpriseProvisioningProfile \
        "$HOME/Library/MobileDevice/Provisioning Profiles/$euuid.mobileprovision"

#
# copy,modify and resign the xcarchive ready for Enterprise deployment
# (has to be resigned as the production certificate is different for enterprise)
#
cp -Rp build/MyApp.xcarchive build/MyAppEnterprise.xcarchive

#
# Remove old code signature
#
rm -rf build/MyAppEnterprise.xcarchive/Products/Applications/MyApp.app/_CodeSignature

#
# copy in the enterprise provisioning profile
#
cp $enterpriseProvisioningProfile \
        build/MyAppEnterprise.xcarchive/Products/Applications/MyApp.app/embedded.mobileprovision

#
# Modify the bundle id to that of the enterprise bundle id
#   
/usr/libexec/plistbuddy -c "Set:CFBundleIdentifier $enterpriseBundleId" \
        build/MyAppEnterprise.xcarchive/Products/Applications/MyApp.app/Info.plist

#
# resign the xcarchive with the enterprise code signing identity
#
/usr/bin/codesign -f -v -s $enterpriseCodeSignIdentity \
        build/MyAppEnterprise.xcarchive/Products/Applications/MyApp.app 

#
# Update the DSYM bundle id and create a zip of the DSYMs for TestFlight (if applicable)
#
/usr/libexec/plistbuddy -c "Set:CFBundleIdentifier com.apple.xcode.dsym.${enterpriseBundleId}" \
        build/MyAppEnterprise.xcarchive/dSYMs/MyApp.app.dSYM/Contents/Info.plist
/usr/bin/zip -r MyAppEnterprise.dSYM.zip build/MyAppEnterprise.xcarchive/dSYMs/MyApp.app.dSYM

#
# Extract the enterprise profile Name from the checked in Provisioning Profile.
#
enterpriseProfileName=`/usr/libexec/plistbuddy -c Print:Name /dev/stdin <<< \
        l\`security cms -D -i $enterpriseProvisioningProfile\``

#
# Profile must be specified by name for this step
#
xcodebuild \
    -exportArchive \
    -exportFormat IPA \
    -archivePath build/MyAppEnterprise.xcarchive \
    -exportPath MyAppEnterprise.ipa \
    -exportProvisioningProfile "$enterpriseProfileName"

如果脚本作为launchd守护进程运行,请参阅此答案https://stackoverflow.com/a/9482707/2351246来解决从launchd守护程序访问登录钥匙串的问题.

OSX小牛和优胜美地的更新

在OSX Mavericks(v10.9.5)和OSX Yosemite上,您可能会看到代码签名错误：

Codesign check fails : ...../MyApp.app: resource envelope is obsolete

检查这里发贴的原因xcodebuild – codesign -vvvv says”resource envelope is obsolete”

要在引用的帖子中实现Apple Support建议的更改,请运行以下命令：

sudo perl -pi.bak -e 's/--verify"./--verify","--no-strict",/ if /codesign.*origApp/;' `xcrun -sdk iphoneos -f PackageApplication`

Xcode8的更新

在Xcode8中,我以前的答案中描述的过程不再适用于新的自动管理签名功能,因此您需要选择手动签名才能使用此方法.

如果您希望使用自动签名,以下是我们尝试使其与IBM Jazz和Jenkins CI环境相结合的一些观察结果.

>如果您有一台CI机器可以获得自动代码签名,这是可能的.我发现你必须创建一个开发者帐户到CI机器上的Xcode实例.这是一个手动步骤,我没有找到方法从命令行导入开发人员配置文件.
>如果您使用具有多个构建机器的分布式CI环境,则它不能正常工作.首先,您有上述问题,您必须手动将开发人员帐户添加到所有Xcode实例,其次,每个帐户必须是不同的Apple ID,否则您将获得常见构建帐户的证书生成问题(所有计算机正在共享一个导致开发人员证书发生冲突的帐户,因为它绑定到特定的机器).

我们运行一个分布式的Jenkins CI环境,所以我们停留了手动签名,但是导出IPA的方法改变了,现在必须使用-exportOptionsPlist选项.

更改归档命令：

#
# Build the xcarchive - this will only be done once,App Store and Enterprise In House scenarios
#
xcodebuild \
    -workspace MyApp.xcworkspace \
    -scheme MyApp \
    -archivePath build/MyApp.xcarchive \
    archive

存档使用与构建帐户相关联的iOS开发人员证书进行签名(因此请确保它已在钥匙串中安装了一个).现在可以使用-exportOptionsPlist选项将档案导出为Ad-hoc,Enterprise和App Store的IPA格式.

创建一个名为exportAppStore.plist的文件,其中包含以下内容,并将其保存在顶级项目目录中.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
    <key>method</key>
    <string>app-store</string>
</dict>
</plist>

有关可用于-exportOptionsPlist选项的键的完整列表,请参阅输出xcodebuild -help.

现在修改export archive命令以使用新的导出选项plist文件

xcodebuild \
    -exportArchive \
    -archivePath build/MyApp.xcarchive \
    -exportOptionsPlist exportAppStore.plist \
    -exportPath MyAppForStore.ipa

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