使用ggplot2在R中绘制区域

问题描述

我有3个长度为45的数字矢量，分别为omega_S，omega_B和omega_C。长度45代表1到45岁之间的年龄。有人可以使用ggplot2帮我创建与此图类似的图吗？

这些是向量：

omega_S<-c(0.1,0.1,0.1)

omega_B<-c(1.12926243,1.11859126,1.10754331,1.09610527,1.08426335,1.07200332,1.05931039,1.04616928,1.03256418,1.01847869,1.00389586,0.98879812,0.97316729,0.95698455,0.94023042,0.92288471,0.90492654,0.88633429,0.86708556,0.84715717,0.82652514,0.80516460,0.78304984,0.76015424,0.73645021,0.71190921,0.68650169,0.66019706,0.63296364,0.60476862,0.57557807,0.54535683,0.51406850,0.48167542,0.44813856,0.41341755,0.37747057,0.34025433,0.30172403,0.26183325,0.22053397,0.17777645,0.13350921,0.08767892,0.04023042)

omega_C<-1-omega_B-omega_S

解决方法

曲线堆叠的data.table解决方案。我将omega_C的限制更改为2，所以我们没有负值。请注意，如果您放置omega_C <- 2 - omega_B - omega_S，显然这与您接受的解决方案没有相同的情节。

omega_S<-c(0.1,0.1,0.1)

omega_B<-c(1.12926243,1.11859126,1.10754331,1.09610527,1.08426335,1.07200332,1.05931039,1.04616928,1.03256418,1.01847869,1.00389586,0.98879812,0.97316729,0.95698455,0.94023042,0.92288471,0.90492654,0.88633429,0.86708556,0.84715717,0.82652514,0.80516460,0.78304984,0.76015424,0.73645021,0.71190921,0.68650169,0.66019706,0.63296364,0.60476862,0.57557807,0.54535683,0.51406850,0.48167542,0.44813856,0.41341755,0.37747057,0.34025433,0.30172403,0.26183325,0.22053397,0.17777645,0.13350921,0.08767892,0.04023042)

omega_C<- 2

library(ggplot2)
library(data.table)

DT <- data.table(omega_S = omega_S,omega_B = omega_B,omega_C = omega_C)

DT[,c('omega_S_start','omega_B_start','omega_C_start','age') := .(0,omega_S,omega_B,.I) ]

DT <- melt(DT,id.vars = c('omega_S','omega_B','omega_C','omega_S_start','age'),measure.vars = list(1:3,4:6),variable.name = 'type',value.name = c('value_max','value_min'))

DT <- copy(DT[,c('type','value_min','value_max','age')])
DT[,type := fcase(type == 1,'omega_S',type == 2,type == 3,'omega_C')]


DT %>% ggplot() +
  geom_ribbon(aes(x = age,ymin = value_min,ymax = value_max,fill = type))

,

您可以将geom_area()与position = "stack"一起使用，以将区域堆叠在一起。这需要一些准备数据的步骤。

这将向量定义为小标题中的列。请注意（在daniellga之后），我选择omega_C使得三个变量加到2，因为omega_B有时大于1。

library(tidyverse)
df <- tibble(omega_S = c(0.1,0.1),omega_B = c(1.12926243,0.04023042),omega_C = 2 - omega_B - omega_S,age = 1:45)

为了使用ggplot绘制三个变量，我们需要将数据放置为其他形状。这是使用ggplot()进行绘图的典型步骤：绘图的每个属性都必须取决于数据框中的变量，即列。由于您想为omega_C，omega_B和omega_S使用不同的颜色，因此需要一列，该列为每个数据点指明它属于三个变量中的哪个。可以使用pivot_longer()包中的tidyverse完成，我们将其用于将这些值写入列type中。此外，我们必须将该列转换为一个因子，以便按预期顺序绘制三个区域。

plot_data <- pivot_longer(df,cols = -"age",names_to = "type") %>%
  mutate(type = factor(type,levels = paste0("omega_",c("C","B","S"))))

然后按如下方式创建图：

ggplot(plot_data,aes(x = age,y = value,fill = type)) +
  geom_area(position = "stack")

请注意，geom_area()仅添加一次。由于type映射到fill上，因此将为type的每个值绘制一个区域。使用position = "stack"告诉ggplot在彼此上方绘制区域。