问题描述
我是Python网络开发的新手，非常感谢您的帮助。我正在尝试在WSL（Windows计算机）上设置psycopg2 / peewee。在我的Python代码中，我存储了访问Postgres数据库所需的所有信息，然后尝试按以下方式连接到数据库：
#lib/main.py
from peewee import *
db = PostgresqlDatabase('people',user='postgres',password='postgres',host='localhost',port=5432)
db.connect()
我确定我有一个名为“ postgres”的Postgres用户，密码为“ postgres”。这些是我使用su - postgres更改为计算机上的postgres用户后用来启动Postgres服务器的凭据。
当我使用pipenv shell启动Python虚拟环境，然后运行python3 main.py时，出现以下错误：
// ♥ python3 main.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/allison_johnson/.local/share/virtualenvs/lib-jEOreobP/lib/python3.6/site-packages/peewee.py",line 3035,in connect
self._state.set_connection(self._connect())
File "/home/allison_johnson/.local/share/virtualenvs/lib-jEOreobP/lib/python3.6/site-packages/peewee.py",line 3730,in _connect
conn = psycopg2.connect(database=self.database,**self.connect_params)
File "/home/allison_johnson/.local/share/virtualenvs/lib-jEOreobP/lib/python3.6/site-packages/psycopg2/__init__.py",line 127,in connect
conn = _connect(dsn,connection_factory=connection_factory,**kwasync)
**psycopg2.OperationalError: FATAL: password authentication Failed for user "postgres"**
During handling of the above exception,another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "main.py",line 18,in <module>
db.connect()
File "/home/allison_johnson/.local/share/virtualenvs/lib-jEOreobP/lib/python3.6/site-packages/peewee.py",line 3038,in connect
self._initialize_connection(self._state.conn)
File "/home/allison_johnson/.local/share/virtualenvs/lib-jEOreobP/lib/python3.6/site-packages/peewee.py",line 2873,in __exit__
reraise(new_type,new_type(exc_value,*exc_args),traceback)
File "/home/allison_johnson/.local/share/virtualenvs/lib-jEOreobP/lib/python3.6/site-packages/peewee.py",line 183,in reraise
raise value.with_traceback(tb)
File "/home/allison_johnson/.local/share/virtualenvs/lib-jEOreobP/lib/python3.6/site-packages/peewee.py",**kwasync)
peewee.OperationalError: FATAL: password authentication Failed for user "postgres"
我也尝试在python3 shell中测试连接字符串：
>>>import psycopg2
>>>psycopg2.connect("dbname=postgres user=postgres host=localhost password=postgres port=5432")
，我得到同样的错误。对于为什么我无法将Python代码连接到Postgres的任何见解，我将不胜感激！
# TYPE DATABASE USER ADDRESS METHOD
# "local" is for Unix domain socket connections only
local all all peer
# IPv4 local connections:
host all all 127.0.0.1/32 md5 # IPv6 local connections:
host all all ::1/128 md5
# Allow replication connections from localhost,by a user with the
# replication privilege.
local replication all peer
host replication all 127.0.0.1/32 md5
host replication all ::1/128 md5
在命令行中，ps ax |grep postgres显示：
3218 ? S 0:00 /usr/lib/postgresql/10/bin/postgres -D /var/lib/postgresql/10/main -c config_file=/etc/postgresql/10/main/postgresql.conf
3220 ? Ss 0:00 postgres: 10/main: checkpointer process
3221 ? Ss 0:00 postgres: 10/main: writer process
3222 ? Ss 0:00 postgres: 10/main: wal writer process
3223 ? Ss 0:00 postgres: 10/main: autovacuum launcher process
3224 ? Ss 0:00 postgres: 10/main: stats collector process
3225 ? Ss 0:00 postgres: 10/main: bgworker: logical replication launcher
3337 tty1 S 0:00 grep --color=auto postgres
运行psql -d postgres -U postgres -h 127.0.0.1并检查Postgres日志后，我看到：
2020-08-12 13:37:30.573 EDT [709] LOG: database system is shut down
2020-08-12 13:37:30.700 EDT [3218] LOG: listening on IPv4 address "127.0.0.1",port 5433 2020-08-12 13:37:30.714 EDT [3218] LOG: listening on Unix socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGsql.5433"
2020-08-12 13:37:30.760 EDT [3219] LOG: database system was shut down at 2020-08-12 13:37:30 EDT
2020-08-12 13:37:30.816 EDT [3218] LOG: database system is ready to accept connections
2020-08-12 13:37:31.383 EDT [3226] [unkNown]@[unkNown] LOG: incomplete startup packet
2020-08-12 13:37:48.061 EDT [3254] postgres@postgres LOG: provided user name (postgres) and authenticated user name (allison_johnson) do not match
2020-08-12 13:37:48.061 EDT [3254] postgres@postgres FATAL: Peer authentication Failed for user "postgres"
2020-08-12 13:37:48.061 EDT [3254] postgres@postgres DETAIL: Connection matched pg_hba.conf line 85: "local all postgres $2020-08-12 13:42:30.909 EDT [3220] WARNING: Could not flush dirty data: Function not implemented 2020-08-12 14:08:00.001 EDT [3443] allison_johnson@allison_johnson FATAL: password authentication Failed for user "allison_johnson"
2020-08-12 14:08:00.001 EDT [3443] allison_johnson@allison_johnson DETAIL: Password does not match for user "allison_johnson".
Connection matched pg_hba.conf line 90: "local all all md5"
2020-08-12 14:13:49.143 EDT [3514] postgres@postgres LOG: provided user name (postgres) and authenticated user name (allison_johnson) do not match
2020-08-12 14:13:49.143 EDT [3514] postgres@postgres FATAL: Peer authentication Failed for user "postgres"
2020-08-12 14:13:49.143 EDT [3514] postgres@postgres DETAIL: Connection matched pg_hba.conf line 85: "local all postgres $
pg_hba.conf的第85-90行：
# Database administrative login by Unix domain socket
local all postgres peer
# TYPE DATABASE USER ADDRESS METHOD
# "local" is for Unix domain socket connections only
local all all md5
/main/postgresql.conf中的port和listen_addresses设置
#listen_addresses = 'localhost' # what IP address(es) to listen on;
# comma-separated list of addresses;
# defaults to 'localhost'; use '*' for all
# (change requires restart)
port = 5433 # (change requires restart)
解决方法
答案的简短版本是在两个不同的OS上运行两个Postgres实例。更长的答案如下。在WSL（2）中，Postgres实例pg_hba.conf的用户local的{{1}}设置为peer，所有用户的postgres都设置为md5。那里md5本地主机IPV4和IPV6的身份验证连接。这就是为什么Allison可以以系统用户postgres帐户的数据库用户postgres用户身份连接的原因。更改local
不使用trust时，设置为-h可以从任何系统帐户进行连接。不过，localhost的密码连接问题仍然存在。奇怪的是，Postgres日志中没有这些连接的记录。在WSL中没有其他Postgres实例在运行。经过漫长的思考，我发现必须在Windows上正常运行服务器。就是这种情况，这就是抢夺localhost连接并抛出密码错误的人。将其关闭是解决此问题的步骤。事实证明，Windows Postgres在端口5432和WSL实例5433上运行，而WSL实例仅在localhost上侦听。将端口更改为5432并将listen_addresses更改为“ *”可进行localhost连接，而无需指定端口和local连接。