累加器在使`reduce`方法中返回未定义

问题描述

我试图使功能与Array.prototype.reduce方法相同。

function a(collection,iterator,accumulator) {

    for (i of Object.keys(collection)){
      if (i===0 && accumulator === undefined){
          accumulator = collection[i]
          continue
      }

      accumulator = iterator(accumulator,collection[i])
    }

    return accumulator;
  };



a([1,2,3],function(acc,cur){return acc += cur},0) // this works fine. returns 6
a([1,cur){return acc += cur}) // expected 6 but returns NaN
a([1,function(memo){return memo}); // expected 1 but returns undefined

我不知道为什么在未传递初始值(函数a的第三个参数)的情况下,accumulator未设置为collection[i]并保持为undefined的原因。

解决方法

Object.keys始终返回由 strings 组成的数组,因此i是一个字符串,因此i === 0始终为false。

还要注意,您需要声明i。目前,您的代码已成为The Horror of Implicit Globals的牺牲品。 (我建议使用严格模式,这样它们就是应该一直存在的错误。)

FWIW,这是同时解决这两个问题的最低更新(但也请参见下文):

"use strict";
function a(collection,iterator,accumulator) {
    let first = true;                            // ***
    for (const i of Object.keys(collection)){
    //   ^^^^^−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− *** declare `i`
        if (first && accumulator === undefined){
    //      ^^^^^−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− *** first pass?
            first = false;                       // ***
            accumulator = collection[i]
            continue
        }
        first = false;                           // ***

        accumulator = iterator(accumulator,collection[i])
    }

    return accumulator;
};

console.log(a([1,2,3],function(acc,cur){return acc += cur},0));
console.log(a([1,cur){return acc += cur}));
console.log(a([1,function(memo){return memo}));


FWIW,我不知道您是否希望它与reduce完全匹配,但是如果是,则您函数的逻辑与Array.prototype.reduce的逻辑不同。有关详细信息,请参见the specification,但是reduce会检查它得到了多少个参数,而不会检查累加器是否为undefined。如果您为累加器明确为其指定值undefined,它将使用该值(而不是使用第一个数组元素的值):

console.log("`undefined` for accumulator:");
["a","b","c"].reduce((acc,value) => { console.log(acc,value); return value; },undefined);

console.log("No accumulator:");
["a",value); return value; })
.as-console-wrapper {
    max-height: 100% !important;
}

在减少期间,累加器也可以成为 undefined。如果没有给出累加器,则使用的是第一个看到的值(不一定是稀疏数组中的索引0!)。 (我对上面的累加器的修复实际上将其作为副产品修复。)您的代码也使用Object.keys,而reduce仅使用for循环。我没有仔细阅读,可能还会有其他差异。

"use strict";
function a(collection,...optional) {  // ***
    let haveAccumulator = optional.length > 0;   // *** Default acc correctly
    let [accumulator] = optional;                // ***
    for (const i of Object.keys(collection)){
    //   ^^^^^−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− *** declare `i`
        if (!haveAccumulator) {                  // ***
            haveAccumulator = true;              // ***
            accumulator = collection[i]
            continue;
        }

        accumulator = iterator(accumulator,collection[i])
    }

    return accumulator;
};



console.log(a([1,function(memo){return memo}));

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