Spring Boot + Serenity + Cucumber用于Rest API集成测试

编程问答 2022-08-17

问题描述

我正在使用gradle项目，并且通过以下链接使用了CucumberSerenity和Spring Boot集成方法： 当我运行 gradle任务黄瓜时，出现以下错误消息

            SEVERE: Exception while executing pickle
            java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/openqa/selenium/internal/Killable
                    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
                    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:192)
                    at io.cucumber.core.runtime.Runtime.run(Runtime.java:108)
                    at net.serenitybdd.cucumber.cli.Main.run(Main.java:31)
                    at net.serenitybdd.cucumber.cli.Main.main(Main.java:19)
            Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/openqa/selenium/internal/Killable
                    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
                    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:763)
                    at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:142)
                    at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:467)
                    at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$100(URLClassLoader.java:73)
                    at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:368)
                    at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:362)
                    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
                    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:361)
                    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
                    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:338)
                    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
                    at net.thucydides.core.webdriver.SupportedWebDriver.<clinit>(SupportedWebDriver.java:31)
                    at net.thucydides.core.configuration.WebDriverConfiguration.lookupSupportedDriverTypeFor(WebDriverConfiguration.java:49)
                    at net.thucydides.core.configuration.WebDriverConfiguration.getDriverType(WebDriverConfiguration.java:33)
                    at net.thucydides.core.webdriver.SerenityWebdriverManager.getDefaultDriverType(SerenityWebdriverManager.java:178)
                    at net.thucydides.core.webdriver.SerenityWebdriverManager.getWebdriver(SerenityWebdriverManager.java:116)
                    at net.thucydides.core.webdriver.ThucydidesWebDriverSupport.getDriver(ThucydidesWebDriverSupport.java:147)
                    at net.thucydides.core.webdriver.ThucydidesWebDriverSupport.getPages(ThucydidesWebDriverSupport.java:208)
                    at net.serenitybdd.core.Serenity.getPages(Serenity.java:188)
                    at net.serenitybdd.core.Serenity.getDefaultDependencyInjectors(Serenity.java:84)
                    at net.serenitybdd.core.Serenity.getDependencyInjectors(Serenity.java:74)
                    at net.serenitybdd.core.Serenity.resetDependencyInjectors(Serenity.java:67)
                    at net.serenitybdd.core.Serenity.done(Serenity.java:167)
                    at cucumber.runtime.SerenityObjectFactory.stop(SerenityObjectFactory.java:31)
                    at io.cucumber.core.runner.Runner.disposeBackendWorlds(Runner.java:175)
                    at io.cucumber.core.runner.Runner.runPickle(Runner.java:70)
                    at io.cucumber.core.runtime.Runtime.lambda$run$2(Runtime.java:100)
                    at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:511)
                    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
                    at io.cucumber.core.runtime.Runtime$SameThreadExecutorService.execute(Runtime.java:243)
                    at java.util.concurrent.AbstractExecutorService.submit(AbstractExecutorService.java:112)
                    at io.cucumber.core.runtime.Runtime.lambda$run$3(Runtime.java:100)
                    at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:193)
                    at java.util.stream.SliceOps$1$1.accept(SliceOps.java:204)
                    at java.util.ArrayList$ArrayListSpliterator.tryAdvance(ArrayList.java:1359)
                    at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.forEachWithCancel(ReferencePipeline.java:126)
                    at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyIntoWithCancel(AbstractPipeline.java:498)
                    at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:485)
                    at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:471)
                    at java.util.stream.ReduceOps$ReduceOp.evaluateSequential(ReduceOps.java:708)
                    at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:234)
                    at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.collect(ReferencePipeline.java:499)
                    at io.cucumber.core.runtime.Runtime.run(Runtime.java:101)
                    ... 2 more
            Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.openqa.selenium.internal.Killable
                    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:381)
                    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
                    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:338)
                    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
                    ... 46 more
            
            Aug 13,2020 12:22:47 PM io.cucumber.core.runtime.Runtime run
            SEVERE: Exception while executing pickle
            java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class net.thucydides.core.webdriver.SupportedWebDriver
                    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
                    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:192)
                    at io.cucumber.core.runtime.Runtime.run(Runtime.java:108)
                    at net.serenitybdd.cucumber.cli.Main.run(Main.java:31)
                    at net.serenitybdd.cucumber.cli.Main.main(Main.java:19)

build.gradle

  • 请从命令提示符/终端引用我要执行的任务黄瓜

            buildscript {
            repositories {
                mavenLocal()
            }
            dependencies{
                classpath('net.serenity-bdd:serenity-gradle-plugin:2.2.9')
            }
        }

        // Apply Plugins & Custom Configurations
        apply plugin: 'java'
        apply plugin: 'maven'
        apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot'
        apply plugin: 'net.serenity-bdd.aggregator'

        // Set values from properties
        processResources {
            filesMatching('**/*.properties') { expand(project.properties) }
        }

        // Following two block required for spring boot plugin as no main class
        bootRepackage {
            enabled = false
        }

        project.afterEvaluate {
            if (!project.plugins.hasPlugin(ApplicationPlugin)) {
                project.plugins.apply(ApplicationPlugin)
                project.tasks.withType(CreateStartScripts) { CreateStartScripts task ->
                    task.enabled = false
                }
            }
        }
        // *************************************

        // Java Properties and Depenedencies
        sourceCompatibility = 1.8
        targetCompatibility = 1.8


        //Application Test Source Set and Dependencies
        configurations {
            //providedRuntime
            applicationTestCompile.extendsFrom testCompile {
                all*.exclude group: 'com.assertthat',module: 'selenium-shutterbug'
            }
            applicationTestRuntime.extendsFrom testRuntime
        }

        ext {
            applicationTestBase= "src/applicationTest"
        }

        sourceSets {
            applicationTest {
                java.srcDir "$projectDir/$applicationTestBase/java"
                resources {
                    srcDirs = ["$applicationTestBase/resources"]
                }
                compileClasspath += sourceSets.main.compileClasspath //+ sourceSets.test.compileClasspath
                runtimeClasspath += sourceSets.main.runtimeClasspath //+ sourceSets.test.runtimeClasspath
            }
        }

        dependencies {

            applicationTestCompile "org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test"
            applicationTestCompile "com.jayway.restassured:rest-assured"
                //database dependencies
            applicationTestCompile "org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-data-jpa"
            applicationTestCompile "com.oracle:ojdbc7"

            //Serenity & Cucumber Dependencies
            applicationTestCompile 'io.rest-assured:rest-assured:3.3.0'
            compile(group: 'com.jayway.jsonpath',name: 'json-path',version:'2.4.0') {
                exclude(module: 'slf4j-api')
            }
            compile ('net.serenity-bdd:serenity-gradle-plugin:2.2.9') {
                exclude group: 'com.google.inject',module:'guice'
                exclude group: 'io.cucumber',module: 'cucumber-core'
                exclude group: 'io.cucumber',module: 'cucumber-java'
            }
            compile ('net.serenity-bdd:serenity-core:2.2.9'){
                exclude group: 'io.cucumber',module: 'cucumber-core'
            }
            applicationTestCompile ('net.serenity-bdd:serenity-cucumber5:2.2.5')
            applicationTestCompile 'net.serenity-bdd:serenity-single-page-report:2.2.9'
            applicationTestCompile 'net.serenity-bdd:serenity-model:2.2.9'
            applicationTestCompile 'net.serenity-bdd:serenity-junit:2.2.9'
            applicationTestCompile 'net.serenity-bdd:serenity-stats:2.2.9'
            applicationTestCompile 'net.serenity-bdd:serenity-screenplay:2.2.9'
            applicationTestCompile 'net.serenity-bdd:serenity-rest-assured:2.2.9'
            applicationTestCompile 'net.serenity-bdd:serenity-screenplay-webdriver:2.2.9'
            applicationTestCompile group: 'org.seleniumhq.selenium',name: 'selenium-api',version: '3.141.59'
        //    applicationTestCompile group: 'org.seleniumhq.selenium',version: '2.29.1' -- internal/killable
            applicationTestCompile group: 'org.seleniumhq.selenium',name: 'selenium-remote-driver',version: '3.14.0'
            applicationTestCompile group: 'org.seleniumhq.selenium',name: 'htmlunit-driver',version: '2.37.0'
            applicationTestCompile group: 'org.seleniumhq.selenium',name: 'selenium-chrome-driver',version: '3.141.59'
            applicationTestCompile group: 'org.seleniumhq.selenium',name: 'selenium-safari-driver',name: 'selenium-support',name: 'selenium-java',version: '3.14.0'
            applicationTestCompile 'org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-server:3.14.0'
            applicationTestCompile group: 'org.springframework',name: 'spring-jms',version: '5.1.6.RELEASE'
            applicationTestCompile "com.ibm.mq:com.ibm.mq.allclient:9.0.4.0"
            applicationTestCompile group: 'org.assertj',name: 'assertj-core',version:'3.6.2'
            applicationTestCompile group: 'org.apache.commons',name: 'commons-csv',version:'1.5'
            applicationTestCompile group: 'org.apache.maven.plugins',name: 'maven-failsafe-plugin',version: '3.0.0-M5'


        }

        task cucumber() {
            dependsOn assemble,testClasses
            doLast {
                javaexec {
                    main = "net.serenitybdd.cucumber.cli.Main"
                    classpath = configurations.applicationTestRuntime + sourceSets.main.output + sourceSets.test.output
                    args = ['--plugin','pretty','--glue','gradle.clean.aggregate','src/applicationTest/resources']
                }
            }
        }

        // Application Test Runners
        task runApplicationTest(type: Test) {
            outputs.upToDateWhen { false }
            include '**/*Runner.java'
            systemProperties(System.getProperties())

            testClassesDir = project.sourceSets.applicationTest.output.classesDir
            classpath = project.sourceSets.applicationTest.runtimeClasspath
            reports.html.destination = project.file("$reports.html.destination/applicationTest")
            reports.junitXml.destination = project.file("$reports.junitXml.destination/applicationTest")
            maxHeapSize = "2G"
            jvmArgs '-XX:MaxPermSize=256m'
        }

Runner.java -我使用过以“ CucumberWithSerenity”运行，并使用@ActiveProfiles与我的其他链接

          import io.cucumber.junit.CucumberOptions;
          import net.serenitybdd.cucumber.CucumberWithSerenity;
          import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
          import org.springframework.test.context.ActiveProfiles;
          
          @RunWith(CucumberWithSerenity.class)
          @CucumberOptions(features="./src/applicationTest/resources/features/sample.feature",glue={"definitions"},tags={"@test"},strict = true)
          @ActiveProfiles("test")
          public class Runner{
          }

定义文件 

           @SpringBootTest
           public class SampleDefinitions{
           
            @Given("^user sends message\"([^\"]*)\"$")
               public void user_sends_message(String usermessage){
                   System.out.println("usermessage -->"+usermessage);
               }
           }

解决方法

当类在运行时不可用时会发生这种情况。

您正在使用自定义资源集，即<div class="checkbox"> <label> <input type="checkbox" value="abc" id="with" /> Option one </label> </div> <div class="checkbox"> <label> <input type="checkbox" value="" id="shadow-checkbox"/> Option one </label> </div> ，该资源集未正确配置为运行黄瓜任务。

一种解决方案是更改黄瓜任务中的类路径，并包括使用applicationTest类的主要源集。

  1. 黄瓜任务
applicationTest
  1. 资源集
classpath = sourceSets.applicationTest.runtimeClasspath

这应该有效。

,

有这个 spring，cucumber/ghjerkin 库可以轻松测试 sprint rest api：https://github.com/RedFroggy/spring-cucumber-rest-api

cucumber-serenityspring-boot

相关问答

matplotlib报错：AttributeError: module 'backend_interagg' has no attribute 'FigureCanvas'. Did you mean: 'FigureCanvasAgg'?
使用本地python环境可以成功执行 import pandas as pd impor...
gitlab登录失败，报错：This challenge page was accidentally cached by an intermediary and is no longer available.
设置时间 控制面板
后端开发常见错误
错误1：Request method ‘DELETE‘ not supported 错误还原：...
docker常见错误
错误1：启动docker镜像时报错：Error response from daemon:...
idea常见错误
错误1：private field ‘xxx‘ is never assigned 按Alt...
pip安装依赖失败
报错如下，通过源不能下载，最后警告pip需升级版本 Requirem...