问题描述
我有一个https://docs.python.org/3/library/unittest.mock.html#patch-multiple采用的test_tmp.py
from unittest.mock import DEFAULT,Magicmock,patch
thing = object()
other = object()
@patch.multiple('__main__',thing=DEFAULT,other=DEFAULT)
def test_function(thing,other):
print(f'thing={thing}')
print(f'other={other}')
assert isinstance(thing,Magicmock)
assert isinstance(other,Magicmock)
test_function()
它与python一起运行
python test_tmp.py
thing=<Magicmock name='thing' id='4355085552'>
other=<Magicmock name='other' id='4355243312'>
pytest test_tmp.py
============================================================================================================= test session starts =============================================================================================================
platform darwin -- Python 3.8.2,pytest-5.4.3,py-1.9.0,pluggy-0.13.1
rootdir: /private/tmp
collected 0 items / 1 error
=================================================================================================================== ERRORS ====================================================================================================================
________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ERROR collecting test_tmp.py _________________________________________________________________________________________________________
test_tmp.py:13: in <module>
test_function()
/Users/user/.pyenv/versions/3.8.2/lib/python3.8/unittest/mock.py:1345: in patched
with self.decoration_helper(patched,/Users/user/.pyenv/versions/3.8.2/lib/python3.8/contextlib.py:113: in __enter__
return next(self.gen)
/Users/user/.pyenv/versions/3.8.2/lib/python3.8/unittest/mock.py:1313: in decoration_helper
arg = patching.__enter__()
/Users/user/.pyenv/versions/3.8.2/lib/python3.8/unittest/mock.py:1416: in __enter__
original,local = self.get_original()
/Users/user/.pyenv/versions/3.8.2/lib/python3.8/unittest/mock.py:1389: in get_original
raise AttributeError(
E AttributeError: <module '__main__' from '/path/to/bin/pytest'> does not have the attribute 'thing'
=========================================================================================================== short test summary info ===========================================================================================================
ERROR test_tmp.py - AttributeError: <module '__main__' from '/path/to/bin/pytest'> does not have the attribute 'thing'
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Interrupted: 1 error during collection !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
============================================================================================================== 1 error in 0.31s ===============================================================================================================
想知道为什么吗？
我正在使用pytest =“ ^ 5.4.3”
解决方法
有些事情在pytest中不起作用：
- 您无法直接调用测试，因此无法调用该功能
- 在这种情况下装饰器版本不起作用，我想
pytest不能实现这一点（pytest默认将测试函数参数理解为fixture；它处理patch和{ {1}}正确，但似乎无法处理patch.object注入的关键字参数） - 使用
patch.multiple可能不起作用，您可以改为使用'__main__'。
这是一个有效的版本：
sys.modules[__name__]此版本也应与def test_function1():
with patch.multiple(sys.modules[__name__],thing=DEFAULT,other=DEFAULT) as mocks:
print(f'thing = {mocks["thing"]}')
print(f'other = {mocks["other"]}')
assert isinstance(thing,MagicMock)
assert isinstance(other,MagicMock)
一起使用。
在pytest中，您通常会将这种模拟转移到固定装置中，因此，这可能更符合pytest的精神：
unittest 注意：
这仅回答标题中的问题，而不回答“为什么”-我看过@pytest.fixture
def multiple():
with patch.multiple(sys.modules[__name__],other=DEFAULT) as mocks:
yield mocks
def test_function(multiple):
print(f'thing = {multiple["thing"]}')
print(f'other = {multiple["other"]}')
assert isinstance(thing,MagicMock)
assert isinstance(other,MagicMock)
的源代码，但不了解它如何与pytest交互。也许更有见识的人可以回答。