如何使用Windows命令行下载文件而无需输入代理密码？

问题描述

研究了各种stackoverflow问题之后，我发现了几种从命令行下载文件而无需用户交互的方法。

对我有用的唯一一个也只能在Windows 10本机上运行：

curl -sko %TEMP%\file.txt "https://some.hostname/file.txt"

但是我要避免安装像wget / curl这样的外部工具。

由于代理错误，什么对我不起作用：

命令：

bitsadmin.exe /transfer "dljob" "https://some.hostname/file.txt" %TEMP%\file.txt

错误：

DISPLAY: 'dljob' TYPE: DOWNLOAD STATE: ERROR
PRIORITY: NORMAL FILES: 0 / 1 BYTES: 0 / UNKNOWN
Unable to complete transfer.
ERROR FILE:    https://some.hostname/file.txt -> E:\Users\xxx\AppData\Local\Temp\file.txt
ERROR CODE:    0x80190197
ERROR CONTEXT: 0x00000005

命令：

powershell -Command "(New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadFile('https://some.hostname/file.txt','%TEMP%\file.txt')"

错误：

Exception calling "DownloadFile" with "2" argument(s): "The remote server returned an error: (407) Proxy Authentication Required."
At line:1 char:1
+ (New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadFile('https://some.hostname/file.txt ...
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : NotSpecified: (:) [],MethodInvocationException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : WebException

命令：

powershell -Command "Invoke-WebRequest 'https://some.hostname/file.txt' -OutFile %TEMP%\file.txt

错误：

Invoke-WebRequest :
Authentication required
You must be authenticated to access this URL.
...
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT; Windows NT 10.0; en-US) WindowsPowerShell/5.1.17763.1007
At line:1 char:1
+ Invoke-WebRequest 'https://some.hostname/file.txt ...
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidOperation: (System.Net.HttpWebRequest:HttpWebRequest) [Invoke-WebRequest],WebException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : WebCmdletWebResponseException,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.InvokeWebRequestCommand

解决方法

请参阅此问题Access web using Powershell and Proxy

您可以在Powershell中尝试类似的操作，并假设您已经创建了一个名为C:\Test的文件夹：

---

$url = "https://www.google.com/images/branding/googlelogo/1x/googlelogo_color_272x92dp.png"
$file = "C:\Test\" + $url.Split("/")[-1]
$wb = New-Object System.Net.WebClient
$wb.Proxy.Credentials =[System.Net.CredentialCache]::DefaultNetworkCredentials
$wb.DownloadFile($url,$file)

---

编辑：14/08/2020 @ 17：08

我在Windows Powershell ISE上尝试过此方法，它可运行5/5：

cls
$start_time = Get-Date
$url = "https://cdn2.unrealengine.com/Fortnite%2FBoogieDown_GIF-1f2be97208316867da7d3cf5217c2486da3c2fe6.gif"
$Folder = "$Env:Temp\DownloadFolder"

# We create a SubFolder Named "DownloadFolder" in the temporary file %Temp% if it doesn't exists yet !
If ((Test-Path -Path $Folder) -eq 0) { New-Item -Path $Folder -ItemType Directory | Out-Null }

# We can get the name of the file to be downloaded from the variable $url
# $url = "https://www.google.com/images/branding/googlelogo/1x/googlelogo_color_272x92dp.png"
# In our case the FileName will be = "googlelogo_color_272x92dp.png" or 
# Fortnite%2FBoogieDown_GIF-1f2be97208316867da7d3cf5217c2486da3c2fe6.gif
$file = $Folder+ "\" + $url.Split("/")[-1]

Try 
    {
      $wb = New-Object System.Net.WebClient
      $wb.Proxy.Credentials =[System.Net.CredentialCache]::DefaultNetworkCredentials
      $wb.DownloadFile($url,$file) 
      ii $Folder
      Write-Output "Running Script Time taken is : $((Get-Date).Subtract($start_time).Seconds) second(s)"
    }

Catch 
    {
      Write-Host "Error from $url" `n"Message: [$($_.Exception.Message)"] -ForegroundColor Red -BackgroundColor DarkBlue
    }

,

这对我有用：

powershell -Command "[System.Net.WebRequest]::DefaultWebProxy = [System.Net.WebRequest]::GetSystemWebProxy(); [System.Net.WebRequest]::DefaultWebProxy.Credentials = [System.Net.CredentialCache]::DefaultNetworkCredentials; (New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadFile('https://some.hostname/file.txt','file.txt')"

这不起作用：

powershell -Command "$client.Credentials = Get-Credential; $browser.Proxy.Credentials =[System.Net.CredentialCache]::DefaultNetworkCredentials; (New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadFile('https://some.hostname/file.txt','file.txt')"

错误：

cmdlet Get-Credential at command pipeline position 1
Supply values for the following parameters:
Credential

Get-Credential : Cannot process command because of one or more missing mandatory parameters: Credential.
At line:1 char:23
+ $client.Credentials = Get-Credential; $browser.Proxy.Credentials =[Sy ...
+                       ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidArgument: (:) [Get-Credential],ParameterBindingException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : MissingMandatoryParameter,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.GetCredentialCommand

The property 'Credentials' cannot be found on this object. Verify that the property exists and can be set.
At line:1 char:39
+ ... Credential; $browser.Proxy.Credentials =[System.Net.CredentialCache]: ...
+                 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidOperation: (:) [],RuntimeException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : PropertyNotFound

Exception calling "DownloadFile" with "2" argument(s): "The remote server returned an error: (407) Proxy
Authentication Required."
At line:1 char:124
+ ... redentials; (New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadFile('https://some.hostname ...
+                 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : NotSpecified: (:) [],MethodInvocationException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : WebException