如何在Java中并行运行多个方法并从每个方法获取输出

问题描述

我想并行运行三种不同的方法来提高Java的性能。另外,我还需要从它们三个中获取输出。以下是我尝试过的示例。在这里,我不确定如何检索返回的字符串值。请帮我添加(将所有三个字符串连接在一起)。

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

public class test {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String total = "";

        Callable<String> callable1 = new Callable<String>()
        {
            @Override
            public String call() throws Exception
            {
                String t1 = "";
                t1 = method1();
                return t1;
            }
        };

        Callable<String> callable2 = new Callable<String>()
        {
            @Override
            public String call() throws Exception
            {
                String t2 = method2();
                return t2;
            }
        };

        Callable<String> callable3 = new Callable<String>()
        {
            @Override
            public String call() throws Exception
            {
                String t3 = method3();
                return t3;
            }
        };

        List<Callable<String>> taskList = new ArrayList<Callable<String>>();
        taskList.add(callable1);
        taskList.add(callable2);
        taskList.add(callable3);

        ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);

        try
        {
            executor.invokeAll(taskList);
            //total = ;(want to concatenate all the strings here).

            System.out.println(total);
        }
        catch (InterruptedException ie)
        {
            //do something if you care about interruption;
        }

    }
    public static String method1()
    {
        System.out.println("method1");
        return "1";

    }

    private static String method2()
    {
        System.out.println("method2");
        return "2";
    }

    private static String method3()
    {
        System.out.println("method3");
        return "3";
    }


}

解决方法

由于taskListList<Callable<String>>executor.invokeAll(taskList)返回一个List<Future<String>>,其中包含与Future<String>中的每个任务相对应的taskList。您需要保存该List<Future<String>>,以便以后获得任务结果。像这样:

List<Future<String>> futureList = executor.invokeAll(tasklist);
String result = futureList.get(0).get() +
                futureList.get(1).get() +
                futureList.get(2).get();

除了InterruptedExceptionFuture.get()还可以抛出CancellationExceptionExecutionException,因此您需要准备在try块中处理它们。

,

由于任务数量很少,因此可以创建3个CompletableFutures并流式传输并加入它。

CompletableFuture<String> task1 = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> method1());
CompletableFuture<String> task2 = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> method2());
CompletableFuture<String> task3 = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> method3());

String concate = Stream.of(task1,task2,task3)
        .map(CompletableFuture::join)
        .reduce("",(s1,s2) -> s1 + s2);
System.out.println(concate);
,

在@Govinda答案之上添加- 您可以使用Stream工厂方法创建CompletableFuturesupplyAsync,并通过调用CompletableFuture::join complete 来创建它们,并通过调用{{1} }。

Collectors.joining()

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