GitLab CI：SSH失败，无法认证私钥

编程问答 2022-08-16

问题描述

我遵循此link尝试通过SSH到Gitlab-CI中的服务器。对于SSH密钥，我进入了服务器，并生成了公共和私有密钥。私钥被提取到GitLab CI / CD env变量中。

YAML模板如下，主要从链接中复制。

    image: docker:19.03.8
      services:
        - docker:19.03.8-dind

    deployment:
      variables:
        ip: <ip-address>
      script:
        - apk add --update openssh-client sshpass
        - eval $(ssh-agent -s)
        - echo "$SSH_PRIVATE_KEY" | ssh-add - > /dev/null
        - mkdir -p ~/.ssh
        - chmod 700 ~/.ssh
        - export SSHPASS=$AWS_PASSWORD
        - sshpass -e ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -vvv ubuntu@$ip echo testing

但是，我在尝试访问私钥时遇到错误。

    debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password
    debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_rsa
    debug3: no such identity: /root/.ssh/id_rsa: No such file or directory
    debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_dsa
    debug3: no such identity: /root/.ssh/id_dsa: No such file or directory
    debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_ecdsa
    debug3: no such identity: /root/.ssh/id_ecdsa: No such file or directory
    debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_ed25519
    debug3: no such identity: /root/.ssh/id_ed25519: No such file or directory
    debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_xmss
    debug3: no such identity: /root/.ssh/id_xmss: No such file or directory
    debug2: we did not send a packet,disable method
    debug3: authmethod_lookup password
    debug3: remaining preferred:,password
    debug3: authmethod_is_enabled password
    debug1: Next authentication method: password
    debug3: send packet: type 50
    debug2: we sent a password packet,wait for reply
    debug3: receive packet: type 51
    debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password
    Permission denied,please try again.

如果有帮助，我正在使用gitlab共享运行程序。

[更新]

忘记将其添加到要连接的服务器中，我将生成的id_rsa.pub的公钥添加到authorized_keys文件中。

[编辑1]

根据建议，我使用ssh-keyscan添加了已知主机，以将输出复制为变量$ SSH_KNowN_HOSTS。在更新的yaml文件下面。但是我遇到了同样的错误。

    deployment:
      variables:
        ip: <ip-address>
      script:
        - apk add --update openssh-client sshpass
        - eval $(ssh-agent -s)
        - echo "$SSH_PRIVATE_KEY" | ssh-add - > /dev/null
        - mkdir -p ~/.ssh
        - chmod 700 ~/.ssh
        - touch ~/.ssh/kNown_hosts
        - echo "$SSH_KNowN_HOSTS" >> ~/.ssh/kNown_hosts
        - chmod 644 ~/.ssh/kNown_hosts
        - export SSHPASS=$AWS_PASSWORD
        - sshpass -e ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -vvv ubuntu@$ip echo testing

解决方法

我不确定sshpass，因为我通常使用公用/专用密钥。这是我将设置为在远程服务器上运行SCP / SSH命令的工作示例：

deploy:
  stage: deploy
variables:
  hostname: app-dev
before_script:
  # optional step if you decide to use a hostname instead of IP address
  - cp -f ./network/etc/hosts /etc/hosts
  # Setup SSH
  - which ssh-agent || ( apt-get update -y && apt-get install openssh-client -y )
  - eval $(ssh-agent -s)
  - ssh-add <(cat $SSH_PRIVATE_KEY)
  - mkdir -p ~/.ssh
  - chmod 700 ~/.ssh
  - ssh-keyscan $HOSTNAME >> ~/.ssh/known_hosts
  - chmod 644 ~/.ssh/known_hosts
script:
  # Copy files and execute commands
  - scp ./scripts/install_package.sh root@$HOSTNAME:/tmp/deploy
  - ssh root@$HOSTNAME "/tmp/deploy/install_package.sh && exit"

运行之前，您需要执行以下操作：

  1. 使用ssh-keygen生成ssh密钥对。不要使用密码短语。公钥以.pub结尾，私钥没有扩展名。
  2. SSH到远程服务器上，将 public 密钥的内容复制到~/.ssh/authorized_keys
  3. 将私钥的内容复制到名为SSH_PRIVATE_KEY的GitLab File Environment Variables
  4. 如果使用$HOSTNAME环境变量，请在管道中定义该变量，并将IP /主机名添加到管道容器中的/etc/hosts文件中。否则，只需使用IP地址即可。
gitlab-cisshsshsshsshpass