从React Hooks GET映射DOM节点

问题描述

提前道歉，没有像我以前说的那样措辞。

我遵循了一个MERN教程，全部使用基于类的React组件完成。我正在尝试将其转换为带有挂钩的功能组件。

我在从初始GET请求中保存用户名/用户名时遇到了麻烦，然后将它们映射到html选择表单上，以便可以将新表单提交归因于现有用户之一。

这是本教程代码的外观，该代码可以按预期运行：

import React,{ Component } from 'react';
import axios from 'axios';
import DatePicker from 'react-datepicker';
import "react-datepicker/dist/react-datepicker.css";

export default class CreateRide extends Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super(props);

    this.onChangeUsername = this.onChangeUsername.bind(this);
    this.onChangeDescription = this.onChangeDescription.bind(this);
    this.onChangeDuration = this.onChangeDuration.bind(this);
    this.onChangeDistance = this.onChangeDistance.bind(this);
    this.onChangeDate = this.onChangeDate.bind(this);
    this.onSubmit = this.onSubmit.bind(this);

    this.state = {
      username: '',description: '',duration: 0,distance: 0,date: new Date(),users: []
    }
  }

  componentDidMount() {
    axios.get('http://localhost:5000/users/')
      .then(response => {
        if (response.data.length > 0) {
          this.setState({
            users: response.data.map(user => user.username),username: response.data[0].username
          });
        }
      })
      .catch((error) => {
        console.log(error);
      })
  }

  onChangeUsername(e) {
    this.setState({
      username: e.target.value
    });
  }

  onChangeDescription(e) {
    this.setState({
      description: e.target.value
    });
  }

  onChangeDuration(e) {
    this.setState({
      duration: e.target.value
    });
  }

  onChangeDistance(e) {
    this.setState({
      distance: e.target.value
    });
  }

  onChangeDate(date) {
    this.setState({
      date: date
    });
  }

  onSubmit(e) {
    e.preventDefault();

    const ride = {
      username: this.state.username,description: this.state.description,duration: this.state.duration,distance: this.state.distance,date: this.state.date
    };

    console.log(ride);

    axios.post('http://localhost:5000/rides/add',ride)
    .then(res => console.log(res.data));

    window.location = '/';
  }


  render() {
    return (
      <div>
        <h3>Create New Ride Log</h3>
        <form onSubmit={this.onSubmit}>
          <div className="form-group">
            <label>Username: </label>
            <select ref="userInput"
              required
              className="form-control"
              value={this.state.username}
              onChange={this.onChangeUsername}>
              {
                this.state.users.map(function (user) {
                  return <option
                    key={user}
                    value={user}>{user}
                  </option>;
                })
              }
            </select>
          </div>
          <div className="form-group">
            <label>Description: </label>
            <input type="text"
              required
              className="form-control"
              value={this.state.description}
              onChange={this.onChangeDescription}
            />
          </div>
          <div className="form-group">
            <label>Duration (in minutes): </label>
            <input
              type="text"
              className="form-control"
              value={this.state.duration}
              onChange={this.onChangeDuration}
            />
          </div>
          <div className="form-group">
            <label>Distance (in miles): </label>
            <input
              type="text"
              className="form-control"
              value={this.state.distance}
              onChange={this.onChangeDistance}
            />
          </div>
          <div className="form-group">
            <label>Date: </label>
            <div>
              <DatePicker
                selected={this.state.date}
                onChange={this.onChangeDate}
              />
            </div>
          </div>

          <div className="form-group">
            <input type="submit" value="Create Ride Log" className="btn btn-primary" />
          </div>
        </form>
      </div>
    )
  }
}

我要定位的代码在ComponentDidMount（）{...}中，将用户和用户名映射到状态，然后在下面的html呈现器中再次映射。

我现在作为功能组件的外观如下：

import React,{ useState,useEffect } from 'react';
import axios from 'axios';
import DatePicker from 'react-datepicker';
import "react-datepicker/dist/react-datepicker.css";

const CreateRide = (props) => {

  const [username,setUsername] = useState('');
  const [description,setDescription] = useState('');
  const [duration,setDuration] = useState(0);
  const [distance,setDistance] = useState(0);
  const [date,setDate] = useState(new Date());
  const [users,setUsers] = useState([]);

  useEffect(() => {
    const fetchData = async () => {
      const response = await axios.get('http://localhost:5000/users/');
      if (response.data.length > 0) {
        setUsers({ users: response.data.map(user => user.username ) });
        setUsername({ username: response.data[0].username });
      }
    }
    fetchData();
  },[]);

  const onChangeUsername = (e) => {
    setUsername(e.target.value);
  }
  const onChangeDescription = (e) => {
    setDescription(e.target.value);
  }
  const onChangeDuration = (e) => {
    setDuration(e.target.value);
  }
  const onChangeDistance = (e) => {
    setDistance(e.target.value);
  }
  const onChangeDate = (date) => {
    setDate(date);
  }
  const onSubmit = (e) => {
    e.preventDefault();

    const ride = {
      username: username,description: description,duration: duration,distance: distance,date: date
    };

    console.log(ride);

    axios.post('http://localhost:5000/rides/add',ride)
      .then(res => console.log(res.data));

    window.location = '/';
  }

  return (
    <div>
      <h3>Create New Ride Log</h3>
      <form onSubmit={onSubmit}>
        <div className="form-group">
          <label>Username: </label>
          <select
            required
            className="form-control"
            value={username}
            onChange={onChangeUsername}>
            {
              users.map(user => {
                return <option key={user} value={user}>{user}</option>;
              })
            }
          </select>
        </div>
        <div className="form-group">
          <label>Description: </label>
          <input type="text"
            required
            className="form-control"
            value={description}
            onChange={onChangeDescription}
          />
        </div>
        <div className="form-group">
          <label>Duration (in minutes): </label>
          <input
            type="text"
            className="form-control"
            value={duration}
            onChange={onChangeDuration}
          />
        </div>
        <div className="form-group">
          <label>Distance (in miles): </label>
          <input
            type="text"
            className="form-control"
            value={distance}
            onChange={onChangeDistance}
          />
        </div>
        <div className="form-group">
          <label>Date: </label>
          <div>
            <DatePicker
              selected={date}
              onChange={onChangeDate}
            />
          </div>
        </div>

        <div className="form-group">
          <input type="submit" value="Create Ride Log" className="btn btn-primary" />
        </div>
      </form>
    </div>
  )
}


export default CreateRide; 

这是我通过邮递员运行时的示例json响应的样子：

[
    {
        "_id": "5f39e38abfa99e273e299fd8","username": "Rudy","createdAt": "2020-08-17T01:55:22.797Z","updatedAt": "2020-08-17T01:55:22.797Z","__v": 0
    },{
        "_id": "5f39e391bfa99e273e299fd9","username": "James","createdAt": "2020-08-17T01:55:29.727Z","updatedAt": "2020-08-17T01:55:29.727Z",{...}
]

在HTML的下半部分，我正在努力概念化如何在第一个表单组中使用ref ='userInput'。使用功能组件会产生不允许字符串引用的错误。

我知道这包含多个问题，但是我很困惑，任何事情都会受到赞赏。

解决方法

按顺序回答您的问题：

1。用户数据：您正在对象中设置用户数据：

setUsers({ users: response.data.map(user => user.username ) });
setUsername({ username: response.data[0].username });

那应该是：

setUsers(response.data.map(user => user.username));
setUsername(response.data[0].username);

2。参考：看起来您在原始的基于类的代码中使用的不是参考，您应该可以将其删除。如果确实需要引用select元素，则可以使用useRef钩子，这里的文档：https://reactjs.org/docs/hooks-reference.html#useref