gem install pg给出Gem :: Ext :: BuildError：错误：无法在ubuntu 18.04 LTS中的ruby'2.2.3'和'rails'，'4.2.7.1'中构建gem本机扩展

问题描述

我正在尝试建立一个Rails项目，该项目具有ruby 2.2.3和rails版本4.2.7.1。它使用Postgresql作为数据库。我可以在GemFile中看到gem'pg'条目。我做了捆绑安装来安装依赖项，但是当安装pg gem时，它给了我以下错误。我在ubuntu 18.04 LTS系统上没有安装postgresql。这可能是我收到此错误的原因。请帮忙。我得到的错误：

**

**Fetching pg 1.2.3
Installing pg 1.2.3 with native extensions
Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
    current directory: /home/pc-123/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.3/gems/pg-1.2.3/ext
/home/pc-123/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.2.3/bin/ruby -I /home/pc-123/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.2.3/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.2.0 -r ./siteconf20200822-841-6si3xn.rb
extconf.rb
checking for pg_config... no
No pg_config... trying anyway. If building fails,please try again with
 --with-pg-config=/path/to/pg_config
checking for libpq-fe.h... no
Can't find the 'libpq-fe.h header
*** extconf.rb Failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason,probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.
Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --without-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/home/pc-123/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.2.3/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)
    --with-pg
    --without-pg
    --enable-windows-cross
    --disable-windows-cross
    --with-pg-config
    --without-pg-config
    --with-pg_config
    --without-pg_config
    --with-pg-dir
    --without-pg-dir
    --with-pg-include
    --without-pg-include=${pg-dir}/include
    --with-pg-lib
    --without-pg-lib=${pg-dir}/lib

**

解决方法

您必须安装 libpq-dev 软件包。您正在使用 Ubuntu，所以：

sudo apt install libpq-dev

,

安装PostGreSQL很聪明。

这取决于您的解释器使用的Ruby版本。那里不匹配，您可能会遇到问题。使用相同版本可以解决您的问题。