问题描述
在我的Django应用中,我有两个模型Retailer和Customer。两者的模型字段都不同,但是对于身份验证,常用字段是电子邮件和密码。因此,我使用了用户模型继承。这是我的代码,就像
继承的原因:我想实现令牌认证
models.py
class User(AbstractUser):
email = models.EmailField(_('email address'),unique=True)
USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
EMAIL_FIELD = 'email'
REQUIRED_FIELDS = []
objects = UserManager()
def __str__(self):
return self.email
class Retailer(User,PermissionsMixin):
name = models.CharField(max_length=255)
phoneNUMBER = models.CharField(max_length=10)
verificationSTATUS = models.BooleanField(default=False)
dateJOINED = models.DateField(default=timezone.now)
USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
EMAIL_FIELD = 'email'
USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
REQUIRED_FIELDS = ['name','phoneNUMBER',]
objects = RetailerManager()
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class Customer(User,PermissionsMixin):
name=models.CharField( max_length=255,null=False,)
phone_Number=models.CharField( max_length=10,null=False)
address=models.TextField(max_length=255,null=False)
pin_Code=models.CharField( max_length=6,null=False )
anniversary_Date=models.DateField(blank=True,null=True)
hobbies=models.TextField(blank=True,null=True)
profession=models.CharField(blank=True,max_length=20,null=True,)
created_At=models.DateField(default=timezone.now)
USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
REQUIRED_FIELDS = ['name','address','pin_Code']
objects = CustomerManager()
def __str__(self):
return (self.name)
managers.py
class UserManager(BaseUserManager):
"""
Custom user model manager where email is the unique identifiers
for authentication instead of usernames.
"""
def create_user(self,email,password,**extra_fields):
"""
Create and save a User with the given email and password.
"""
if not email:
raise ValueError(_('The Email must be set'))
email = self.normalize_email(email)
user = self.model(email=email,**extra_fields)
user.set_password(password)
user.save()
return user
def create_superuser(self,**extra_fields):
"""
Create and save a SuperUser with the given email and password.
"""
extra_fields.setdefault('is_staff',True)
extra_fields.setdefault('is_superuser',True)
extra_fields.setdefault('is_active',True)
if extra_fields.get('is_staff') is not True:
raise ValueError(_('Superuser must have is_staff=True.'))
if extra_fields.get('is_superuser') is not True:
raise ValueError(_('Superuser must have is_superuser=True.'))
return self.create_user(email,**extra_fields)
class RetailerManager(BaseUserManager):
def create_retailer(self,name,phoneNUMBER,password=None):
if email is None:
raise TypeError('User must have an email address.')
retailer = Retailer(
email=self.normalize_email(email),name=name,phoneNUMBER=phoneNUMBER
)
retailer.set_password(password)
retailer.save()
return retailer
class CustomerManager(BaseUserManager):
def create_customer(self,phone_Number,address,pin_Code,password=None,**extra_fields):
if email is None:
raise TypeError('User must have an email address.')
customer = Customer(
email=self.normalize_email(email),phone_Number=phone_Number,address=address,pin_Code=pin_Code,)
customer.set_password(password)
customer.save()
return customer
当我运行这个
Retailer.objects.create(email="johndoe@gmail.com",name="John Doe",password="john@123",phoneNUMBER = "90909090")
我收到此错误
django.db.utils.IntegrityError: UNIQUE constraint failed: retailer_user.username
另外,当我运行此
Customer.objects.create(email="janedoe@gmail.com",name="Jane Doe",password="jane@123")
我遇到同样的错误
django.db.utils.IntegrityError: UNIQUE constraint failed: retailer_user.username
谁能告诉我我在做什么错?这是最好的方法吗?另外,我如何为零售商和客户实施令牌认证?
解决方法
您需要从User
而不是AbstractBaseUser
继承AbstractUser
才能通过email
而不是username
使用身份验证:
引发错误的username
字段来自AbstractUser
类。
class User(AbstractBaseUser):
email = models.EmailField(_('email address'),unique=True)
first_name = models.CharField(_('first name'),max_length=150,blank=True)
last_name = models.CharField(_('last name'),blank=True)
email = models.EmailField(_('email address'),blank=True)
is_staff = models.BooleanField(
'staff status',default=False,help_text='Designates whether the user can log into this admin site.',)
is_active = models.BooleanField(
'active',default=True,help_text='Designates whether this user should be treated as active. Unselect this instead of deleting accounts.',)
date_joined = models.DateTimeField('date joined',default=timezone.now)
USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
EMAIL_FIELD = 'email'
REQUIRED_FIELDS = ['email']
objects = UserManager()
def get_full_name(self):
"""
Return the first_name plus the last_name,with a space in between.
"""
full_name = '%s %s' % (self.first_name,self.last_name)
return full_name.strip()
def get_short_name(self):
"""Return the short name for the user."""
return self.first_name
def __str__(self):
return self.email
,
简单地说,您只需使用 @login_required 装饰器。
@login_required(login_url='/example url you want redirect/') #redirect when user is not logged in
def myview(request):
do something
return something #returns when user is logged in