FFMPEG libx265编码在avcodec_free_context之后留下未释放的内存

问题描述

我正在开发H265编码软件，在单元测试中，我遇到了一些奇怪的内存泄漏。为了找到它们，我修改了FFMPEG documentation中的encode_video.c示例。我更改了分辨率以对应4K视频，调整了比特率，并在上下文分配之前添加了一个暂停，在最终返回之前添加了一个暂停：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>

#include <libavutil/opt.h>
#include <libavutil/imgutils.h>

static void encode(AVCodecContext *enc_ctx,AVFrame *frame,AVPacket *pkt,FILE *outfile)
{
    int ret;

    /* send the frame to the encoder */
    if (frame)
        printf("Send frame %3"PRId64"\n",frame->pts);

    ret = avcodec_send_frame(enc_ctx,frame);
    if (ret < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr,"Error sending a frame for encoding\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    while (ret >= 0) {
        ret = avcodec_receive_packet(enc_ctx,pkt);
        if (ret == AVERROR(EAGAIN) || ret == AVERROR_EOF)
            return;
        else if (ret < 0) {
            fprintf(stderr,"Error during encoding\n");
            exit(1);
        }

        printf("Write packet %3"PRId64" (size=%5d)\n",pkt->pts,pkt->size);
        fwrite(pkt->data,1,pkt->size,outfile);
        av_packet_unref(pkt);
    }
}

int main(int argc,char **argv)
{
    const char *filename,*codec_name;
    const AVCodec *codec;
    AVCodecContext *c= NULL;
    int i,ret,x,y;
    FILE *f;
    AVFrame *frame;
    AVPacket *pkt;
    uint8_t endcode[] = { 0,0xb7 };

    if (argc <= 2) {
        fprintf(stderr,"Usage: %s <output file> <codec name>\n",argv[0]);
        exit(0);
    }
    filename = argv[1];
    codec_name = argv[2];

    sleep(10);

    /* find the mpeg1video encoder */
    codec = avcodec_find_encoder_by_name(codec_name);
    if (!codec) {
        fprintf(stderr,"Codec '%s' not found\n",codec_name);
        exit(1);
    }

    c = avcodec_alloc_context3(codec);
    if (!c) {
        fprintf(stderr,"Could not allocate video codec context\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    pkt = av_packet_alloc();
    if (!pkt)
        exit(1);

    /* put sample parameters */
    c->bit_rate = 1000000;
    /* resolution must be a multiple of two */
    c->width = 3840;
    c->height = 2160;
    /* frames per second */
    c->time_base = (AVRational){1,25};
    c->framerate = (AVRational){25,1};

    /* emit one intra frame every ten frames
     * check frame pict_type before passing frame
     * to encoder,if frame->pict_type is AV_PICTURE_TYPE_I
     * then gop_size is ignored and the output of encoder
     * will always be I frame irrespective to gop_size
     */
    c->gop_size = 10;
    c->max_b_frames = 1;
    c->pix_fmt = AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P;

    if (codec->id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264)
        av_opt_set(c->priv_data,"preset","slow",0);

    /* open it */
    ret = avcodec_open2(c,codec,NULL);
    if (ret < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr,"Could not open codec: %s\n",av_err2str(ret));
        exit(1);
    }

    f = fopen(filename,"wb");
    if (!f) {
        fprintf(stderr,"Could not open %s\n",filename);
        exit(1);
    }

    frame = av_frame_alloc();
    if (!frame) {
        fprintf(stderr,"Could not allocate video frame\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    frame->format = c->pix_fmt;
    frame->width  = c->width;
    frame->height = c->height;

    ret = av_frame_get_buffer(frame,0);
    if (ret < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr,"Could not allocate the video frame data\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    /* encode 1 second of video */
    for (i = 0; i < 25; i++) {
        fflush(stdout);

        /* make sure the frame data is writable */
        ret = av_frame_make_writable(frame);
        if (ret < 0)
            exit(1);

        /* prepare a dummy image */
        /* Y */
        for (y = 0; y < c->height; y++) {
            for (x = 0; x < c->width; x++) {
                frame->data[0][y * frame->linesize[0] + x] = x + y + i * 3;
            }
        }

        /* Cb and Cr */
        for (y = 0; y < c->height/2; y++) {
            for (x = 0; x < c->width/2; x++) {
                frame->data[1][y * frame->linesize[1] + x] = 128 + y + i * 2;
                frame->data[2][y * frame->linesize[2] + x] = 64 + x + i * 5;
            }
        }

        frame->pts = i;

        /* encode the image */
        encode(c,frame,pkt,f);
    }

    /* flush the encoder */
    encode(c,NULL,f);

    /* add sequence end code to have a real MPEG file */
    if (codec->id == AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG1VIDEO || codec->id == AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG2VIDEO)
        fwrite(endcode,sizeof(endcode),f);
    fclose(f);

    avcodec_free_context(&c);
    av_frame_free(&frame);
    av_packet_free(&pkt);

    sleep(10);

    return 0;
}

我期望第一次暂停时的RAM内存使用与第二次暂停时的RAM内存使用相同，但相差约55Mo。如果增加编码帧的数量，则这种差异最多为390Mo。我已经在Linux Mint LMDE 4（与Debian 10大致相同）下测试了此代码。

我猜这个内存“泄漏”不是真正的内存泄漏，但是它是libx265使用的一些内部值，可以重新用于其他编码。但是有没有办法通过FFMPEG API释放此内存？

解决方法

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