如何使用 django ModelForm 以初始值提供请求的用户并在 django admin 中分配表单

编程问答 2022-08-07

问题描述

我想用 ModelForm 和通用 CreateView 创建文章，而不选择我的用户作为作者。作者应该是被请求的用户。 我知道它可以通过多种方式解决，但我想用我可以在任何地方使用的表单（django-admin 和视图）来解决它。

到目前为止，我已经尝试过：

models.py

class Article(TimeStampedModel):
    ...
    author = models.ForeignKey(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL,on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    content = RichTextUploadingField(config_name='default')
    status = models.CharField(max_length=10,choices=STATUS_CHOICES,default='draft')
    ...

forms.py

class ArticleCreateForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Article
        fields = [
            'title','featured_image','content','status'
        ]
    
    author = forms.IntegerField(widget=forms.HiddenInput)
    
    def __init__(self,*args,**kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args,**kwargs)
        user_field = kwargs.get('instance')
        self.fields['author'].initial = user_field.id

views.py

class ArticleCreate(CreateView):
    form_class = ArticleCreateForm
    template_name = 'articles/article_form.html'

    def get(self,request,**kwargs):
        form = self.form_class(instance=request.user)
        return render(request,self.template_name,{'form': form})

    def form_valid(self,form):
        return super().form_valid(form)

    def form_invalid(self,form):
        return HttpResponse(str(form.errors))

它呈现表单，但不是保存文章，而是抛出此错误：

  File "/home/tareq/Desktop/PERSONAL/Blog/blog/blog/articles/forms.py",line 19,in __init__
    self.fields['author'].initial = user_field.id
AttributeError: 'nonetype' object has no attribute 'id'
ERROR 2021-01-23 00:58:31,533 log 85374 140159710901824 Internal Server Error: /new/
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/tareq/.local/share/virtualenvs/Blog-i5phkViF/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py",line 34,in inner
    response = get_response(request)
  File "/home/tareq/.local/share/virtualenvs/Blog-i5phkViF/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py",line 115,in _get_response
    response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e,request)
  File "/home/tareq/.local/share/virtualenvs/Blog-i5phkViF/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py",line 113,in _get_response
    response = wrapped_callback(request,*callback_args,**callback_kwargs)
  File "/home/tareq/.pyenv/versions/3.8.0/lib/python3.8/contextlib.py",line 75,in inner
    return func(*args,**kwds)
  File "/home/tareq/.local/share/virtualenvs/Blog-i5phkViF/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/views/generic/base.py",line 71,in view
    return self.dispatch(request,**kwargs)
  File "/home/tareq/.local/share/virtualenvs/Blog-i5phkViF/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/views/generic/base.py",line 97,in dispatch
    return handler(request,**kwargs)
  File "/home/tareq/.local/share/virtualenvs/Blog-i5phkViF/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/views/generic/edit.py",line 172,in post
    return super().post(request,line 140,in post
    form = self.get_form()
  File "/home/tareq/.local/share/virtualenvs/Blog-i5phkViF/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/views/generic/edit.py",line 33,in get_form
    return form_class(**self.get_form_kwargs())
  File "/home/tareq/Desktop/PERSONAL/Blog/blog/blog/articles/forms.py",in __init__
    self.fields['author'].initial = user_field.id
AttributeError: 'nonetype' object has no attribute 'id'

解决方法

您似乎缺少在提交表单时实际获取用户 ID 的逻辑。如果您查看此文档，您将看到您需要引用请求对象来获取用户信息并让视图逻辑将 request.user_id 分配给新实例。

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/topics/class-based-views/generic-editing/#models-and-request-user

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