如何将 Fortran 的复杂类型传递给 C#?

问题描述

假设我有以下 Fortran 代码

subroutine COMPLEX_PASSING(r,i,c)
    !DEC$ ATTRIBUTES DLLEXPORT::COMPLEX_PASSING

    REAL*8 :: r,i
    COMPLEX*8 :: c

   c = cmplx((r * 2),(i * 2))

return
end

Fortran 代码是用

编译的
gfortran -c complex_passing.f90
gfortran -fPIC -shared -o complex_passing.dll complex_passing.o

我如何在 C# 中调用这个子程序?我尝试了以下代码

using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

namespace FortranCalling {
    class Program {
        static void main(string[] args) {
            double real = 4;
            double imaginary = 10;
            COMPLEX c = new COMPLEX();

            complex_passing( ref real,ref imaginary,ref c);
            Console.WriteLine("Real: {0}\nImaginary: {1}",c.real,c.imaginary);
            Console.ReadLine();
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        struct COMPLEX {
            public double real;
            public double imaginary;
        }

        [DllImport("complex_passing.dll",EntryPoint = "complex_passing_",CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
        static extern void complex_passing(ref double r,ref double i,ref COMPLEX c);
    }
}
            

收效甚微 - 我的 COMPLEX 结构似乎返回垃圾数据:

Real: 134217760.5
Imaginary: 0

当我期望实部为 8,虚部为 20 时。

解决方法

gfortran 将非标准 COMPLEX*8 视为大小为 8 字节的复数,实部和虚部各为 4 字节。相反,您需要一个 16 字节的复数,实部和虚部各有 8 个字节 (COMPLEX*16),否则您应该相应地更改 C# 方面。

在gfortran下使用以下内容可以看到其效果:

complex*8 :: c8 = (8d0,20d0)
complex*16 :: c16 = 0

c16%re = TRANSFER(c8,c16)

print*,c8,c16 

end

当然,您根本不应该使用 complex*。使用 complex(kind=..) 可以看到参数不匹配。

考虑以下“Fortran”源:

subroutine s(r,i,c)
  real(kind(0d0)) :: r,i
  complex(kind(0e0)) :: c
  c = cmplx((r*2),(i*2))
end subroutine s

interface ! Interface block required to lie to some versions of gfortran 
subroutine s(r,i
  complex(kind(0d0)) :: c
end subroutine s
end interface

complex(kind(0d0)) c
call s(4d0,10d0,c)
print*,c%re

end

并将其与 Fortran 源代码进行比较:

subroutine s(r,i
  complex(kind(0d0)) :: c
  c = cmplx((r*2),(i*2))
end subroutine s

complex(kind(0d0)) c
call s(4d0,c%re

end

此外,除了使用 kind(0d0) 等,还有 iso_fortran_env 的各种 C 互操作性常量和存储大小常量。