为什么控制器方法在测试方法中返回无效的响应内容？

问题描述

我正在学习Java Spring，并尝试编写一个控制器方法的测试。也就是说，我想通过其路径执行一个控制器方法，并检查返回的内容是否包含一些符号序列。例如，我的测试是通过地址“ user / 1”调用页面上的内容，并期望该内容包含“ root”。

不幸的是，尽管可以在浏览器中输入此路由并获得该用户的页面而没有任何问题，但是执行“ user / 1”将返回空内容。

这是我要测试的控制器方法

@GetMapping("/{id}")
    public String view(@PathVariable(value = "id") Integer id,Model model) throws EntityNotFoundException {
        try {
            User item = users.get(id);
            model.addAttribute("item",item);
            model.addAttribute("posts",posts.getLatestByUser(item,10));
            model.addAttribute("comments",comments.getLatestByUser(item,10));
            return "user/view";
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {
            throw new EntityNotFoundException("Cannot find a user with id = " + id);
        }
    }

这是我要测试的课程

@SpringBootTest(classes = {
        Main.class,TestDataConfig.class,TestWebConfig.class
})
@ActiveProfiles("test")
@AutoConfigureMockMvc
@Sql(value = {"/create-tables.sql","/fill-tables.sql"},executionPhase = Sql.ExecutionPhase.BEFORE_TEST_METHOD)
public class UserCtrlTest {

    @Autowired
    private UserCtrl controller;

    @Autowired
    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @Test
    @WithAnonymousUser
    public void shouldDisplayUserInfoUponWatchingUserPage() throws Exception {
        MvcResult result = this.mockMvc.perform(get("/user/1"))
                .andDo(print())
                .andExpect(status().isOk())
                .andExpect(view().name("user/view"))
                .andReturn();

        String stringResult = result.getResponse().getContentAsString();
        Assert.assertTrue(stringResult.contains("<h4>root</h4>"));
    }
}

这是我的视图解析器类

@Bean
    public ViewResolver viewResolver() {
        InternalResourceViewResolver bean = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
        bean.setViewClass(JstlView.class);
        bean.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/views/");
        bean.setSuffix(".jsp");
        return bean;
    }

这是方法.andDo（print（））在控制台中返回的结果

MockHttpServletRequest:
      HTTP Method = GET
      Request URI = /user/1
       Parameters = {}
          Headers = []
             Body = null
    Session Attrs = {}

Handler:
             Type = ru.job4j.forum.controller.UserCtrl
           Method = ru.job4j.forum.controller.UserCtrl#view(Integer,Model)

Async:
    Async started = false
     Async result = null

Resolved Exception:
             Type = null

ModelAndView:
        View name = user/view
             View = null
        Attribute = item
            value = ru.job4j.forum.model.User@20
           errors = []
        Attribute = posts
            value = [ru.job4j.forum.model.Post@20,ru.job4j.forum.model.Post@21]
        Attribute = comments
            value = [ru.job4j.forum.model.Comment@21,ru.job4j.forum.model.Comment@24]
        Attribute = user
            value = null

FlashMap:
       Attributes = null

MockHttpServletResponse:
           Status = 200
    Error message = null
          Headers = [Content-Language:"en",X-Content-Type-Options:"nosniff",X-XSS-Protection:"1; mode=block",Cache-Control:"no-cache,no-store,max-age=0,must-revalidate",Pragma:"no-cache",Expires:"0",X-Frame-Options:"DENY"]
     Content type = null
             Body = 
    Forwarded URL = /WEB-INF/views/user/view.jsp
   Redirected URL = null
          Cookies = []

MockHttpServletRequest:
      HTTP Method = GET
      Request URI = /user/1
       Parameters = {}
          Headers = []
             Body = null
    Session Attrs = {}

Handler:
             Type = ru.job4j.forum.controller.UserCtrl
           Method = ru.job4j.forum.controller.UserCtrl#view(Integer,X-Frame-Options:"DENY"]
     Content type = null
             Body = 
    Forwarded URL = /WEB-INF/views/user/view.jsp
   Redirected URL = null
          Cookies = []

您能帮我理解为什么请求没有返回页面内容吗？以及如何解决这个问题？如果您需要其他资源和屏幕截图来澄清这种情况，请写下来，我将添加它们。

解决方法

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