问题描述
我有一个预先计算的ls
类似输出(它不是来自实际的ls
命令),我无法对其进行修改或重新计算。看起来如下:
2016-10-14 14:52:09 0 Bytes folder/
2020-04-18 05:19:04 201 Bytes folder/file1.txt
2019-10-16 00:32:44 201 Bytes folder/file2.txt
2019-08-26 06:29:46 201 Bytes folder/file3.txt
2020-07-08 16:13:56 411 Bytes folder/file4.txt
2020-04-18 03:03:34 201 Bytes folder/file5.txt
2019-10-16 08:27:11 1.1 KiB folder/file6.txt
2019-10-16 10:13:52 201 Bytes folder/file7.txt
2019-10-16 08:44:35 920 Bytes folder/file8.txt
2019-02-17 14:43:10 590 Bytes folder/file9.txt
日志至少可以包含GiB
,MiB
,KiB
,Bytes
。可能的值中有零个值,或者每个前缀没有逗号的值:
0 Bytes
3.9 KiB
201 Bytes
2.0 KiB
2.7 MiB
1.3 GiB
以下是类似的方法
awk 'BEGIN{ pref[1]="K"; pref[2]="M"; pref[3]="G";} { total = total + $1; x = $1; y = 1; while( x > 1024 ) { x = (x + 1023)/1024; y++; } printf("%g%s\t%s\n",int(x*10)/10,pref[y],$2); } END { y = 1; while( total > 1024 ) { total = (total + 1023)/1024; y++; } printf("Total: %g%s\n",int(total*10)/10,pref[y]); }'
但在我的情况下无法正常工作
$ head -n 10 files_sizes.log | awk '{print $3,$4}' | sort | awk 'BEGIN{ pref[1]="K"; pref[2]="M"; pref[3]="G";} { total = total + $1; x = $1; y = 1; while( x > 1024 ) { x = (x + 1023)/1024; y++; } printf("%g%s\t%s\n",pref[y]); }'
0K Bytes
1.1K KiB
201K Bytes
201K Bytes
201K Bytes
201K Bytes
201K Bytes
411K Bytes
590K Bytes
920K Bytes
Total: 3.8M
此输出错误地计算了大小。我期望的输出是输入日志文件的正确总和:
0 Bytes
201 Bytes
201 Bytes
201 Bytes
411 Bytes
201 Bytes
1.1 KiB
201 Bytes
920 Bytes
590 Bytes
Total: 3.95742 KiB
注意
Bytes
之和的正确值是
201 * 5 + 590 + 920 = 2926,因此添加KiB
的总数为
2.857422 + 1.1 = 3,95742 KiB = 4052.400字节
[UPDATE]
我更新了KamilCuk和Ted Lyngmo和Walter A解决方案的结果比较,得出的值几乎相同:
$ head -n 10 files_sizes.log | tr -s ' ' | cut -d' ' -f3,4 | sed 's/ //; s/Bytes//; s/B//' | gnumfmt --from=auto | awk '{s+=$1}END{print s " Bytes"}'
117538 Bytes
$ head -n 1000 files_sizes.log | tr -s ' ' | cut -d' ' -f3,4 | sed 's/ //; s/Bytes//; s/B//' | gnumfmt --from=auto | awk '{s+=$1}END{print s " Bytes"}'
1225857 Bytes
$ head -n 10000 files_sizes.log | tr -s ' ' | cut -d' ' -f3,4 | sed 's/ //; s/Bytes//; s/B//' | gnumfmt --from=auto | awk '{s+=$1}END{print s " Bytes"}'
12087518 Bytes
$ head -n 1000000 files_sizes.log | tr -s ' ' | cut -d' ' -f3,4 | sed 's/ //; s/Bytes//; s/B//' | gnumfmt --from=auto | awk '{s+=$1}END{print s " Bytes"}'
77238840381 Bytes
$ head -n 100000000 files_sizes.log | tr -s ' ' | cut -d' ' -f3,4 | sed 's/ //; s/Bytes//; s/B//' | gnumfmt --from=auto | awk '{s+=$1}END{print s " Bytes"}'
2306569381835 Bytes
和
$ head -n 10 files_sizes.log | ./count_files.sh
3.957422 KiB
$ head -n 1000 files_sizes.log | ./count_files.sh
1.168946 MiB
$ head -n 10000 files_sizes.log | ./count_files.sh
11.526325 MiB
$ head -n 1000000 files_sizes.log | ./count_files.sh
71.934024 GiB
$ head -n 100000000 files_sizes.log | ./count_files.sh
2.097807 TiB
和
(head -n 100000000 files_sizes.log | tr -s ' ' | cut -d' ' -f3,4 | sed 's/Bytes//; s/KiB/* 1024/; s/MiB/* 1024 * 1024/;s/GiB/* 1024 * 1024 * 1024/; s/$/ + /; $s/+ //' | tr -d '\n' ; echo) | bc
2306563692898.8
其中
2.097807 TiB = 2.3065631893 TB = 2306569381835字节
通过计算,我比较了速度的所有三种解决方案:
$ time head -n 100000000 files_sizes.log | ./count_files.sh
2.097807 TiB
real 2m7.956s
user 2m10.023s
sys 0m1.696s
$ time head -n 100000000 files_sizes.log | tr -s ' ' | cut -d' ' -f3,4 | sed 's/ //; s/Bytes//; s/B//' | gnumfmt --from=auto | awk '{s+=$1}END{print s " Bytes"}'
2306569381835 Bytes
real 4m12.896s
user 5m45.750s
sys 0m4.026s
$ time (head -n 100000000 files_sizes.log | tr -s ' ' | cut -d' ' -f3,4 | sed 's/Bytes//; s/KiB/* 1024/; s/MiB/* 1024 * 1024/;s/GiB/* 1024 * 1024 * 1024/; s/$/ + /; $s/+ //' | tr -d '\n' ; echo) | bc
2306563692898.8
real 4m31.249s
user 6m40.072s
sys 0m4.252s
解决方法
使用numfmt
转换这些数字。
cat <<EOF |
2016-10-14 14:52:09 0 Bytes folder/
2020-04-18 05:19:04 201 Bytes folder/file1.txt
2019-10-16 00:32:44 201 Bytes folder/file2.txt
2019-08-26 06:29:46 201 Bytes folder/file3.txt
2020-07-08 16:13:56 411 Bytes folder/file4.txt
2020-04-18 03:03:34 201 Bytes folder/file5.txt
2019-10-16 08:27:11 1.1 KiB folder/file6.txt
2019-10-16 10:13:52 201 Bytes folder/file7.txt
2019-10-16 08:44:35 920 Bytes folder/file8.txt
2019-02-17 14:43:10 590 Bytes folder/file9.txt
2019-02-17 14:43:10 3.9 KiB folder/file9.txt
2019-02-17 14:43:10 2.7 MiB folder/file9.txt
2019-02-17 14:43:10 1.3 GiB folder/file9.txt
EOF
# extract 3rd and 4th column
tr -s ' ' | cut -d' ' -f3,4 |
# Remove space,remove "Bytes",remove "B"
sed 's/ //; s/Bytes//; s/B//' |
# convert to numbers
numfmt --from=auto |
# sum
awk '{s+=$1}END{print s}'
输出总和。
,对于上述输入:
2016-10-14 14:52:09 0 Bytes folder/
2020-04-18 05:19:04 201 Bytes folder/file1.txt
2019-10-16 00:32:44 201 Bytes folder/file2.txt
2019-08-26 06:29:46 201 Bytes folder/file3.txt
2020-07-08 16:13:56 411 Bytes folder/file4.txt
2020-04-18 03:03:34 201 Bytes folder/file5.txt
2019-10-16 08:27:11 1.1 KiB folder/file6.txt
2019-10-16 10:13:52 201 Bytes folder/file7.txt
2019-10-16 08:44:35 920 Bytes folder/file8.txt
2019-02-17 14:43:10 590 Bytes folder/file9.txt
您可以使用要解码的单位表:
BEGIN {
unit["Bytes"] = 1;
unit["kB"] = 10**3;
unit["MB"] = 10**6;
unit["GB"] = 10**9;
unit["TB"] = 10**12;
unit["PB"] = 10**15;
unit["EB"] = 10**18;
unit["ZB"] = 10**21;
unit["YB"] = 10**24;
unit["KB"] = 1024;
unit["KiB"] = 1024**1;
unit["MiB"] = 1024**2;
unit["GiB"] = 1024**3;
unit["TiB"] = 1024**4;
unit["PiB"] = 1024**5;
unit["EiB"] = 1024**6;
unit["ZiB"] = 1024**7;
unit["YiB"] = 1024**8;
}
然后在主循环中总结一下:
{
if($4 in unit) total += $3 * unit[$4];
else printf("ERROR: Can't decode unit at line %d: %s\n",NR,$0);
}
并在最后打印结果:
END {
binaryunits[0] = "Bytes";
binaryunits[1] = "KiB";
binaryunits[2] = "MiB";
binaryunits[3] = "GiB";
binaryunits[4] = "TiB";
binaryunits[5] = "PiB";
binaryunits[6] = "EiB";
binaryunits[7] = "ZiB";
binaryunits[8] = "YiB";
for(i = 8;; --i) {
if(total >= 1024**i || i == 0) {
printf("%.3f %s\n",total/(1024**i),binaryunits[i]);
break;
}
}
}
输出:
3.957 KiB
请注意,您可以在awk脚本的开头添加一个She-bang,以使其可以独立运行,而不必将其放在bash脚本中:>
#!/usr/bin/awk -f
,
您可以先解析输入,然后再将其发送到bc
:
echo "0 Bytes
3.9 KiB
201 Bytes
2.0 KiB
2.7 MiB
1.3 GiB" |
sed 's/Bytes//; s/KiB/* 1024/; s/MiB/* 1024 * 1024/;
s/GiB/* 1024 * 1024 * 1024/; s/$/ + /' |
tr -d '\n' |
sed 's/+ $/\n/' |
bc
当您的sed
不支持\n
时,您可以尝试用真实的换行符代替'\ n',例如
sed 's/+ $/
/'
或在解析后添加echo
(并将最后一个sed
的一部分移到第一个命令中,以删除最后一个+
)
(echo "0 Bytes
3.9 KiB
201 Bytes
2.0 KiB
2.7 MiB
1.3 GiB" | sed 's/Bytes//; s/KiB/* 1024/; s/MiB/* 1024 * 1024/;
s/GiB/* 1024 * 1024 * 1024/; s/$/ + /; $s/+ //' | tr -d '\n' ; echo) | bc
,
从@KamilCuk到make use of numfmt
的好主意。根据他的回答,这是一个替代命令,该命令使用单个awk调用,将numfmt
与two-way pipe包装在一起。它需要GNU awk的最新版本(5.0.1可以使用,4.1.4可以使用,但未经过测试)。
LC_NUMERIC=C gawk '
BEGIN {
conv = "numfmt --from=auto"
PROCINFO[conv,"pty"] = 1
}
{
sub(/B.*/,"",$4)
print $3 $4 |& conv
conv |& getline val
sum += val
}
END { print sum }
' input
注释
-
LC_NUMERIC=C
(bash / ksh / zsh)用于在使用非英语语言环境的系统上的可移植性。 -
PROCINFO[conv,"pty"] = 1
让numfmt
的输出在每一行上都被刷新(以避免出现Dealock)。
让我为您提供一种使用ls
的更好方法:不要将其用作命令,而应将其用作find
开关:
find . -maxdepth 1 -ls
这将返回统一的文件大小,如find
的联机帮助页所述,这使得进行计算变得容易得多。
祝你好运