如何在Android中使用MutableLiveData更新仅更改的项目?

问题描述

我使用ViewPager2和Tabs嵌套了片段,并且使用RecyclerView将数据加载到MutableLiveData中。一切正常,直到我更新了Firebase实时数据库中的某些内容(例如某些食品的名称)。因此,如果我有10个类别项,每个类别有5种食物,并且我更新了1种食物的名称,那么我的屏幕闪烁和10个新类别就被添加了,每个类别有5种食物,现在我共有20个类别 > ..

所需的行为将是:更新数据,没有屏幕闪烁,仅更新更改的项目,而无需再次添加所有类别和食物列表

那我如何才能实现MutableLiveData更新刚刚更改的项目,而不是整个列表?

ViewModel

public class MenuViewModel extends ViewModel implements 
    ICategoryCallbackListener,IFoodCallbackListener {

private MutableLiveData<String> messageError = new MutableLiveData<>();
private MutableLiveData<List<CategoryModel>> categoryListMutable;
private ICategoryCallbackListener categoryCallbackListener;
private MutableLiveData<List<FoodModel>> foodListMutable;
private IFoodCallbackListener foodCallbackListener;

public MenuViewModel() {
    categoryCallbackListener = this;
    foodCallbackListener = this;
}

public MutableLiveData<List<CategoryModel>> getCategoryListMutable() {
    if(categoryListMutable == null)
    {
        categoryListMutable = new MutableLiveData<>();
        messageError = new MutableLiveData<>();
        loadCategories();
    }
    return categoryListMutable;
}

public MutableLiveData<List<FoodModel>> getFoodListMutable(String key) {
    if(foodListMutable == null)
    {
        foodListMutable = new MutableLiveData<>();
        messageError = new MutableLiveData<>();
        loadFood(key);
    }
    return foodListMutable;
}

public void loadCategories() {
    List<CategoryModel> tempList = new ArrayList<>();

    DatabaseReference categoryRef = FirebaseDatabase.getInstance()
            .getReference(Common.RESTAURANT_REF)
            .child(Common.currentRestaurant.getUid())
            .child(Common.CATEGORY_REF);
    categoryRef.keepSynced(true);

    categoryRef.addValueEventListener(new ValueEventListener() {
        @Override
        public void onDataChange(@NonNull DataSnapshot snapshot) {
            for(DataSnapshot itemSnapShot: snapshot.getChildren())
            {
                CategoryModel categoryModel=itemSnapShot.getValue(CategoryModel.class);
                if(categoryModel != null)
                    categoryModel.setMenu_id(itemSnapShot.getKey());
                tempList.add(categoryModel);
            }
            categoryCallbackListener.onCategoryLoadSuccess(tempList);
        }

        @Override
        public void onCancelled(@NonNull DatabaseError error) {
            categoryCallbackListener.onCategoryLoadFailed(error.getMessage());
        }
    });
}

public void loadFood(String key) {
    List<FoodModel> tempList = new ArrayList<>();

    DatabaseReference foodRef = FirebaseDatabase.getInstance()
            .getReference(Common.RESTAURANT_REF)
            .child(Common.currentRestaurant.getUid())
            .child(Common.CATEGORY_REF)
            .child(key)
            .child(Common.FOOD_REF);
    foodRef.keepSynced(true);

    foodRef.addValueEventListener(new ValueEventListener() {
        @Override
        public void onDataChange(@NonNull DataSnapshot snapshot) {
            for(DataSnapshot itemSnapShot: snapshot.getChildren())
            {
                FoodModel foodModel = itemSnapShot.getValue(FoodModel.class);
                tempList.add(foodModel);
            }
            foodCallbackListener.onFoodLoadSuccess(tempList);
        }

        @Override
        public void onCancelled(@NonNull DatabaseError error) {
            foodCallbackListener.onFoodLoadFailed(error.getMessage());
        }
    });
}

public MutableLiveData<String> getMessageError() {
    return messageError;
}

@Override
public void onCategoryLoadSuccess(List<CategoryModel> categoryModels) {
    categoryListMutable.setValue(categoryModels);
}

@Override
public void onCategoryLoadFailed(String message) {
    messageError.setValue(message);
}

@Override
public void onFoodLoadSuccess(List<FoodModel> foodModels) {
    foodListMutable.setValue(foodModels);
}

@Override
public void onFoodLoadFailed(String message) {
    messageError.setValue(message);
}

MenuFragment

    public class MenuFragment extends Fragment {

    public static final String ARG_MENU = "menu";
    private MenuViewModel menuViewModel;
    //Irrelevant code
    MyFoodListAdapter adapter;

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater,ViewGroup container,Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        menuViewModel = new ViewModelProvider(this).get(MenuViewModel.class);
        View root = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_menu,container,false);
        //Irrelevant code
        return root;
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(@NonNull View view,@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {

        Bundle args = getArguments();
        menuViewModel.getFoodListMutable(Objects.requireNonNull(args)
            .getString(ARG_MENU))
            .observe(getViewLifecycleOwner(),foodModels -> {
                  adapter = new MyFoodListAdapter(getContext(),foodModels);
                   recycler_menu.setAdapter(adapter);
            });
    }
}

类别模型

public class CategoryModel {
private String menu_id,name,image,background;
private Long numberOfOrders;
List<FoodModel> foods;//Setters and Getters}

解决方法

如果将ValueEventListener附加到某个位置,则每次在该位置下进行任何修改时,都会调用该位置的所有数据的快照。

只要发生这种情况,您的onDataChange就会将快照中的项目添加到tempList中。因此,在初始加载时会添加10个类别。然后,当有更改时,它将再次添加它们,您最终得到20个类别。

摆脱重复项目的最简单方法是在将项目添加到列表之前清除列表:

categoryRef.addValueEventListener(new ValueEventListener() {
    @Override
    public void onDataChange(@NonNull DataSnapshot snapshot) {
        tempList.clear();
        for(DataSnapshot itemSnapShot: snapshot.getChildren())
        {
            CategoryModel categoryModel=itemSnapShot.getValue(CategoryModel.class);
            if(categoryModel != null)
                categoryModel.setMenu_id(itemSnapShot.getKey());
            tempList.add(categoryModel);
        }
        categoryCallbackListener.onCategoryLoadSuccess(tempList);
    }

这可以消除重复项,但是在您迫使Android重新绘制整个列表时,仍然可能会导致闪烁。如果您还想摆脱这种情况,请考虑使用addChildEventListener。使用该类型的侦听器,您会收到有关单个子节点的更改的通知,并可以使用该信息对tempList执行最小的更新,然后您还可以通过调用notifyItemChanged告诉Android执行该更新。和类似的方法。这几乎是FirebaseUI中的适配器所做的。

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