问题描述
如果是错的或误导性的，请稍稍纠正我，谢谢。
我是Django Python的新手。我正在使用Django 3.1.1。
我的问题是关于"Model".objects.create()的问题，我将其与ajax一起用于在Logger模型中保存或创建数据。
问题：如何使用Logger.userprofile将UserProfile.user链接到Logger.objects.create()或链接这两个字段的下一步是什么？
我的UserProfile模型已经通过User链接到OnetoOneField模型，但是正在使用form.save()保存数据，并且成功。以下是我通过阅读大量教程到目前为止构建的内容。
这已经在起作用，并且正在我的模型中创建数据，我只需要在UserProfile和Logger之间添加链接，以便于识别创建的日志。
在Logger模型中通过qrcode扫描创建日志。
Views.py
def processQRCode(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
qrcoderes = request.POST['qrcoderes']
logged_in = request.POST['logged_in']
logged_in_location = request.POST['logged_in_location']
Logger.objects.create(
qrcode_uuid = qrcoderes,#edited from qrcode_uuid to qrcoderes to distinguish the two variables.
logged_in = logged_in,logged_in_location = logged_in_location
)
return HttpResponse('Success!')
Models.py
UserProfile模型
class UserProfile(models.Model):
GENDER = (
('Male','Male'),('Female','Female'),)
user = models.OnetoOneField(User,related_name='userprofile',null=True,on_delete=models.SET_NULL)
qrcode_uuid = models.UUIDField(unique=True,default=uuid4)
qr_code = models.ImageField(upload_to='qr_codes',blank=True)
firstName = models.CharField(max_length=200)
middleName = models.CharField(max_length=200)
lastName = models.CharField(max_length=200)
gender = models.CharField(max_length=6,choices=GENDER)
birthdate = models.DateField(max_length=200)
contact = models.CharField(max_length=200)
agency = models.CharField(max_length=200)
deptSec = models.CharField(max_length=200)
designation = models.CharField(max_length=200)
streetHouse = models.CharField(max_length=200)
purok = models.CharField(max_length=200)
barangay = models.CharField(max_length=200)
cityMunicipality = models.CharField(max_length=200)
province = models.CharField(max_length=200)
date_created = models.DateTimeField(auto_Now_add=True)
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = 'User Profile'
def __str__(self):
return self.firstName + " " + self.middleName + " " + self.lastName
def save(self,*args,**kwargs):
qrcode_img = qrcode.make(self.qrcode_uuid)
canvas = Image.new('RGB',(370,370),'white')
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(canvas)
canvas.paste(qrcode_img)
fileName = f'qr-code-{self.qrcode_uuid}.png'
buffer = BytesIO()
canvas.save(buffer,'PNG')
self.qr_code.save(fileName,File(buffer),save=False)
canvas.close()
super().save(*args,**kwargs)
记录器型号
class Logger(models.Model):
userprofile = models.OnetoOneField(UserProfile,on_delete=models.SET_NULL)
qrcode_uuid = models.CharField(max_length=200,null=True)
logged_in = models.CharField(max_length=1,default="1")
logged_in_location = models.CharField(max_length=200,null=True)
log_datetime = models.DateTimeField(auto_Now_add=True)
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = 'Logger'
def __str__(self):
return self.logged_in_location + " " + self.qrcode_uuid
Ajax.js
function processQRCodeDetails(){
$.ajax({
type:'POST',url: '/processqrcode/',data:{
qrcoderes: $('#process-qrcoderes').val(),logged_in: $('#logged_in').val(),logged_in_location: $('#logged_in_location').val(),csrfmiddlewaretoken: $('input[name="csrfmiddlewaretoken"]').val()
},success: function(data){
$('#staticBackdrop').modal();
console.log('Success');
},error: function(data){
console.log('Error')
}
});
}
template.html
<form id="process-qrcoderes-form">
{% csrf_token %}
<input class="form-control" type="text" name="process-qrcoderes" id="process-qrcoderes" onchange="processQRCodeDetails(); return false;" autofocus="autofocus">
<input type="text" name="logged_in" id="logged_in" value="1">
<input type="text" name="logged_in_location" id="logged_in_location" value="test">
</form>
解决方法
您需要从数据库获取UserProfile并将其传递给创建方法
def processQRCode(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
qrcode_uuid = request.POST['qrcoderes']
logged_in = request.POST['logged_in']
logged_in_location = request.POST['logged_in_location']
# edit: you can get your UserProfile instance by "qrcode_uuid" as well
# use get_or_create,note that it returns tuple,not instance
userprofile,created = UserProfile.objects.get_or_create(qrcode_uuid=qrcode_uuid)
if created:
# some additional actions here for newly created UserProfile,filling some fields may be
# recommended naming convention for class attrs in python is underscore_case,not camelCase
userprofile.firstName = "John"
userprofile.save()
Logger.objects.create(
qrcode_uuid = qrcode_uuid,logged_in = logged_in,logged_in_location = logged_in_location,userprofile=userprofile
)
return HttpResponse('Success!')
不小心解决了。
我不知道UUIDField发生了什么，但是不幸的是，幸运的是，当我扫描UserProfile模型下的记录时（其中只有3条记录）使用django admin的“保存并继续编辑”进行编辑的第三条记录，“它的工作原理就像一个魅力！” （大家都称呼它为：D），因此，我继续编辑其他2条记录，它也起作用。
我的主要目标是将id模型的UserProfile插入到Logger模型中，以使用以下语法链接两个模型：
# been trying this syntax for ages now. lol. and it was not the problem.
userprofile_id = UserProfile.objects.get(qrcode_uuid=qrcoderes)
#Note: Using the .objects.create() method also works now.
log = Logger(
userprofile = userprofile_id,qrcode_uuid = qrcoderes,#edited from qrcode_uuid to qrcoderes to distinguish the two variables.
logged_in = logged_in,logged_in_location = logged_in_location
)
log.save()
注意：这不起作用，它给了我一个错误UserProfile matching query does not exist.，即使使用了shell，它也给了我同样的错误。所以，我想，我的语法就是问题所在，这就是为什么我在这里发布问题。
也许，我会尝试在CharField上使用UUID，如果有所作为或与UUID兼容。