问题描述
我正在制作一个折线图，随着时间的推移，该图应该显示出某些问题的可能性趋势。 我的目标是突出显示线下的两个区域（2008-2010年和2015-2017年），而不突出线下的区域。我尝试使用geom_area()，但没有成功，因为定义突出显示组的变量是二进制的，即2008、2009、2010、2015、2016、2017分别编码为1和0。 / p>
正如您在图表上看到的那样，我现在只能创建彩色条，但要避免使用它们，因为它们看上去并不十分直观：
# Plot mean theta for Economy of the EU
ggplot(means,aes(x=as.numeric(Year),y=`Economy of the EU`)) +
#geom_label(aes(label=Response,fill=Response),fontface = "bold",colour = "grey15") +
geom_line(color = "grey15",size=1.1,alpha=0.6) +
theme_tufte() +
ylab("Mean Posterior Probability per Year") +
xlab("Submission Year")+
labs(title = "Model prediction for the topic 'Economy of the European Union'") +
theme_tufte() +
scale_x_continuous(breaks = seq(2000,2017,by = 1)) +
theme(axis.text.x = element_text(
size=9,angle=45,hjust = 1,color = "grey15"),axis.title = element_text(size = 10,color = "grey15")) +
theme(axis.text.y = element_text(size=9,color = "grey15")) +
theme(axis.line = element_line(colour = 'grey15',size = 0.5)) +
geom_rect(aes(xmin = 2008,xmax = 2010,ymin = 0,ymax = Inf),fill = "grey15",alpha = 0.005)+
geom_rect(aes(xmin = 2015,xmax = 2017,alpha = 0.005)+
geom_text(aes(label ="Global economic crisis"),y=0.017,x = 2008.6,angle = 90,hjust = 0,size = 4)+
geom_text(aes(label = "European refugee crisis"),x = 2016,size = 4)+
theme(axis.title.y= element_text(margin = margin(t = 0,r = 10,b = 0,l = 0)),axis.title.y.right = element_text(margin = margin(t = 0,r = 0,l = 10)
))
数据结构如下：
Year Economy of the EU X Y Z Response
1 2000 0.027733525 0.13407536 0.060126541 0.030515047 0
2 2001 0.009785368 0.09069352 0.045551195 0.036031561 0
3 2002 0.014343537 0.09829514 0.043757775 0.038343551 0
4 2003 0.028534253 0.09245992 0.100776232 0.041664380 0
5 2004 0.029453570 0.09755516 0.115880728 0.021007489 0
6 2005 0.019728747 0.08945665 0.070050617 0.080241471 0
7 2006 0.009816122 0.11857852 0.034646992 0.075113106 0
8 2007 0.015449088 0.09218845 0.048940357 0.015437598 0
9 2008 0.005629083 0.13172009 0.047490240 0.180294545 1
10 2009 0.016832789 0.11154000 0.030691807 0.090695709 1
11 2010 0.108598687 0.06898694 0.029462945 0.041829649 1
12 2011 0.082072062 0.09820219 0.150685004 0.065741991 0
13 2012 0.097722542 0.05812513 0.093679897 0.044311032 0
14 2013 0.087020362 0.07605144 0.114518255 0.062448333 0
15 2014 0.048143041 0.06783845 0.038510355 0.018508783 0
16 2015 0.028227368 0.06425895 0.056478657 0.011985935 1
17 2016 0.124701763 0.13341157 0.048756972 0.069039444 1
18 2017 0.118745565 0.09740252 0.002971395 0.006389235 1
所需的输出将是：
在此先感谢您的帮助！
解决方法
尝试使用geom_bar()的这种方法来模仿设置alpha因子的阴影行为。您可以使用aes()中geom_bar()内部的二进制变量，以便根据数据帧中的最大值为钢筋指定上限。这里的代码：
#Code
ggplot(means,aes(x=as.numeric(Year),y=`Economy of the EU`)) +
#geom_label(aes(label=Response,fill=Response),fontface = "bold",colour = "grey15") +
geom_line(color = "grey15",size=1.1,alpha=0.6) +
theme_tufte() +
geom_bar(stat='identity',aes(y=ifelse(Response==1,max(means$`Economy of the EU`),NA)),width = 1,fill='grey15',alpha=0.2)+
ylab("Mean Posterior Probability per Year") +
xlab("Submission Year")+
labs(title = "Model prediction for the topic 'Economy of the European Union'") +
theme_tufte() +
scale_x_continuous(breaks = seq(2000,2017,by = 1)) +
theme(axis.text.x = element_text(
size=9,angle=45,hjust = 1,color = "grey15"),axis.title = element_text(size = 10,color = "grey15")) +
theme(axis.text.y = element_text(size=9,color = "grey15")) +
theme(axis.line = element_line(colour = 'grey15',size = 0.5)) +
geom_text(aes(label ="Global economic crisis"),y=0.017,x = 2008.6,angle = 90,hjust = 0,size = 4)+
geom_text(aes(label = "European refugee crisis"),x = 2016,size = 4)+
theme(axis.title.y= element_text(margin = margin(t = 0,r = 10,b = 0,l = 0)),axis.title.y.right = element_text(margin = margin(t = 0,r = 0,l = 10)))
输出：
使用了一些数据：
#Data
means <- structure(list(Year = 2000:2017,`Economy of the EU` = c(0.027733525,0.009785368,0.014343537,0.028534253,0.02945357,0.019728747,0.009816122,0.015449088,0.005629083,0.016832789,0.108598687,0.082072062,0.097722542,0.087020362,0.048143041,0.028227368,0.124701763,0.118745565),X = c(0.13407536,0.09069352,0.09829514,0.09245992,0.09755516,0.08945665,0.11857852,0.09218845,0.13172009,0.11154,0.06898694,0.09820219,0.05812513,0.07605144,0.06783845,0.06425895,0.13341157,0.09740252),Y = c(0.060126541,0.045551195,0.043757775,0.100776232,0.115880728,0.070050617,0.034646992,0.048940357,0.04749024,0.030691807,0.029462945,0.150685004,0.093679897,0.114518255,0.038510355,0.056478657,0.048756972,0.002971395),Z = c(0.030515047,0.036031561,0.038343551,0.04166438,0.021007489,0.080241471,0.075113106,0.015437598,0.180294545,0.090695709,0.041829649,0.065741991,0.044311032,0.062448333,0.018508783,0.011985935,0.069039444,0.006389235),Response = c(0L,0L,1L,1L)),row.names = c(NA,-18L),class = "data.frame")
如果我对您的理解正确，那么您只希望突出显示的区域位于该行下方。在这种情况下，您正在寻找geom_area，但需要绘制两个单独的geom_area区域，这些区域是通过对数据进行子集定义的：
library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemes)
library(dplyr)
ggplot(means,y=`Economy of the EU`)) +
geom_line(color = "grey15",size = 1.1,alpha = 0.6) +
geom_area(data = means %>% filter(Year > 2007 & Year < 2012),alpha = 0.1) +
geom_area(data = means %>% filter(Year > 2014),alpha = 0.1) +
geom_text(aes(label ="Global economic crisis"),y = 0.017,size = 4,check_overlap = TRUE) +
geom_text(aes(label = "European refugee crisis"),check_overlap = TRUE) +
scale_x_continuous(breaks = seq(2000,by = 1)) +
labs(x = "Submission Year",y = "Mean Posterior Probability per Year",title = "Model prediction for the topic 'Economy of the European Union'") +
theme_tufte() +
theme(axis.text.x = element_text(size=9,angle = 45,axis.title = element_text(size = 10,axis.text.y = element_text(size = 9,axis.line = element_line(colour = 'grey15',size = 0.5),axis.title.y = element_text(margin =
margin(t = 0,axis.title.y.right = element_text(margin =
margin(t = 0,l = 10)))
