检查点是否在多边形Shapefile中

问题描述

我有一个关于NYC Yellow出租车服务区的shapefile:taxi_zones.shp。可以在这里下载:https://s3.amazonaws.com/nyc-tlc/misc/taxi_zones.zip

我想检查某些位置是否落入任何区域。这是我使用的R代码

library(sf)
tt <- read_sf('taxi_zones.shp')

pnts <- data.frame(
  "x" = c(-73.97817,-74.00668,500),"y" = c(40.75798,40.73178,400))

pnts_sf <- do.call("st_sfc",c(lapply(1:nrow(pnts),function(i) {st_point(as.numeric(pnts[i,]))}),list("crs" = 4326))) 

pnts_trans <- st_transform(pnts_sf,2163) 
tt_trans <- st_transform(tt,2163)   
   
zones <- apply(st_intersects(tt_trans,pnts_trans,sparse = FALSE),2,function(col) { 
                       tt_trans[which(col),]$LocationID 
                     })

前两个点在shapefile定义的区域内。但是,第三点不是。并且第四点的坐标不正确。我应该如何修改代码,以便对于区域外的点和坐标不正确的点返回“ NA”?

解决方法

我有自己的方法。这样可以满足您的要求吗?我无法告诉您您的代码到底有什么问题,但是这个代码还比较干净:

library(sf)
tt <- read_sf('./Downloads/taxi_zones/taxi_zones.shp')


pnts <- data.frame(
  "x" = c(-73.97817,-74.00668,500),"y" = c(40.75798,40.73178,400)
)

pnts_sf <- st_as_sf(pnts,coords = c('x','y'),crs = st_crs(4326))

pnts_trans <- st_transform(pnts_sf,2163)
tt_trans <- st_transform(tt,2163)


pnts_trans <- pnts_sf %>% mutate(
  intersection = as.integer(st_intersects( pnts_trans,tt_trans)))

结果将是

                    geometry intersection
1 POINT (-73.97817 40.75798)          161
2 POINT (-74.00668 40.73178)          158
3                POINT (0 0)           NA
4            POINT (500 400)           NA
,

我建议您考虑通过sf::st_join()连接空间对象,如下所示;它的作用是将多边形对象和点对象的属性结合在一起。

默认行为是“左”连接=缺少多边形的点将得到NA。可以通过在连接参数中设置left = FALSE来进行调整,导致“内部”连接行为=多边形中不包含的点将从结果中省略。

library(sf)
tt <- read_sf('taxi_zones.shp')

pnts <- data.frame(
  "x" = c(-73.97817,400))

pnts_sf <- sf::st_as_sf(pnts,coords = c("x","y"),crs = 4326)


pnts_trans <- st_transform(pnts_sf,2163) 
tt_trans <- st_transform(tt,2163)  

res <- sf::st_join(pnts_trans,tt_trans)

print(res)

Simple feature collection with 4 features and 6 fields (with 1 geometry empty)
geometry type:  POINT
dimension:      XY
bbox:           xmin: 2152087 ymin: -130624.1 xmax: 9480615 ymax: 1178046
projected CRS:  NAD27 / US National Atlas Equal Area
  OBJECTID Shape_Leng   Shape_Area                          zone LocationID   borough                  geometry
1      161 0.03580391 7.191307e-05                Midtown Center        161 Manhattan POINT (2153474 -127064.5)
2      158 0.05480999 1.855683e-04 Meatpacking/West Village West        158 Manhattan POINT (2152087 -130624.1)
3       NA         NA           NA                          <NA>         NA      <NA>   POINT (9480615 1178046)
4       NA         NA           NA                          <NA>         NA      <NA>               POINT EMPTY