如何使用Python在文件目录中动态调用用户名

问题描述

因此，我试图在python命令中调用用户名以实例化Selenium驱动程序。

# WebDriver Path for System
if platform.system() == ('Windows'):
    browser = webdriver.Chrome("C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Chrome\chromedriver.exe",options=chrome_options)
elif platform.system() == ('Linux'):
    browser = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path='/home/$USER/Drivers/Google/Chrome/chromedriver',options=chrome_options)
elif platform.system() == ('Darwin'):
    browser = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path='/Users/$USER/Drivers/Google/Chrome/chromedriver',options=chrome_options)
else:
    print("Are you sure you have the Selenium Webdriver installed in the correct path for your browser?")

但是，$USER无法正常工作。我尝试称它为

username

AND：

print(username)

在目录内

如下

username = getpass.getuser()
print(username)

# WebDriver Path for System
if platform.system() == ('Windows'):
    browser = webdriver.Chrome("C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Chrome\chromedriver.exe",options=chrome_options)
elif platform.system() == ('Linux'):
    browser = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path='/home/username/Drivers/Google/Chrome/chromedriver',options=chrome_options)
elif platform.system() == ('Darwin'):
    browser = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path='/Users/username/Drivers/Google/Chrome/chromedriver',options=chrome_options)
else:
    print("Are you sure you have the Selenium Webdriver installed in the correct path for your browser?")

但是，它似乎不起作用，并且在我运行它以表明它未被识别时，给了我以下跟踪信息。

 rbarrett@MacBook-Pro  ~/Projects/Mirantis/Train  python scrape_creds.py                       ✔  3812  14:36:47
rbarrett
The file secrets.gpg does not exist and the secrets file is not using GPG Encryption
GPG Encryption is not Enforced on secrets.json
Your Current Version of the Chrome is:
86.0.4240.80
Using Target URL:
https://mirantis.awsapps.com/start/#/
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/common/service.py",line 72,in start
    self.process = subprocess.Popen(cmd,env=self.env,File "/usr/local/Cellar/[email protected]/3.8.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/subprocess.py",line 854,in __init__
    self._execute_child(args,executable,preexec_fn,close_fds,line 1702,in _execute_child
    raise child_exception_type(errno_num,err_msg,err_filename)
FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/Users/$USER/Drivers/Google/Chrome/chromedriver'

During handling of the above exception,another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "scrape_creds.py",line 202,in <module>
    browser = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path='/Users/$USER/Drivers/Google/Chrome/chromedriver',options=chrome_options)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/chrome/webdriver.py",line 73,in __init__
    self.service.start()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/common/service.py",line 81,in start
    raise WebDriverException(
selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: 'chromedriver' executable needs to be in PATH. Please see https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/home

有人对我如何将信息动态地分段到那些Webdriver目录中，使我能够在该命令字符串中使用username进行任何思考吗？

示例：

/Users/username/Drivers/Google/Chrome/chromedriver'

其中username给出的字符串为echo $USER还是print(username)？

解决方法

您可以使用os.environ字典在python中获取系统环境值。

import os
USER = os.environ.get('USER')
if USER:
    PATH = f'/Users/{USER}/Drivers/Google/Chrome/chromedriver'

编辑：使用os.path.expandvars来完成带有系统变量的PATH的另一种方法。

PATH = os.path.expandvars('/Users/$USER/Drivers/Google/Chrome/chromedriver')