FLTK-无法使用g ++

编程问答 2022-06-06

问题描述

在manjaro Linux上安装FLTK 1.4库之后，我使用“ fltk-config -compile hello.cpp”成功编译了它

但是，看来我无法用g ++编译它：

g++ hello.cpp -o hello -I/usr/local/include -L/usr/local/lib -lfltk -lXext -lX11 -lm -ldl

错误消息：

/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libfltk.a(Fl_X11_Screen_Driver.cxx.o): in function `Fl_X11_Screen_Driver::init()':
/home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/X11/Fl_X11_Screen_Driver.cxx:312: undefined reference to `XineramaIsActive'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/X11/Fl_X11_Screen_Driver.cxx:313: undefined reference to `XineramaQueryScreens'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libfltk.a(Fl_x.cxx.o): in function `open_display_i(_Xdisplay*)':
/home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/Fl_x.cxx:695: undefined reference to `XFixesQueryExtension'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libfltk.a(Fl_x.cxx.o): in function `xrender_supported()':
/home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/Fl_x.cxx:2342: undefined reference to `XRenderQueryExtension'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libfltk.a(Fl_x.cxx.o): in function `Fl_X::make_xid(Fl_Window*,XVisualInfo*,unsigned long)':
/home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/Fl_x.cxx:2702: undefined reference to `XFixesSelectSelectionInput'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/Fl_x.cxx:2704: undefined reference to `XFixesSelectSelectionInput'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libfltk.a(Fl_x.cxx.o): in function `Fl_X11_Window_Driver::set_cursor(Fl_RGB_Image const*,int,int)':
/home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/Fl_x.cxx:2978: undefined reference to `XcursorImageCreate'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/Fl_x.cxx:3027: undefined reference to `XcursorImageLoadCursor'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/Fl_x.cxx:3031: undefined reference to `XcursorImageDestroy'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/bin/ld: DWARF error: Could not find variable specification at offset 43e4
/usr/bin/ld: DWARF error: Could not find variable specification at offset 43f1
/usr/local/lib/libfltk.a(Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx.o): in function `Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver::set_fonts(char const*)':
/home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:352: undefined reference to `FcInit'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:363: undefined reference to `FcPatternCreate'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:364: undefined reference to `FcObjectSetBuild'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:367: undefined reference to `FcFontList'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:370: undefined reference to `FcPatternDestroy'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:371: undefined reference to `FcObjectSetDestroy'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:393: undefined reference to `FcNameUnparse'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:439: undefined reference to `FcFontSetDestroy'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libfltk.a(Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx.o): in function `fontopen(char const*,double,bool,int)':
/home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:532: undefined reference to `FcPatternCreate'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:567: undefined reference to `FcPatternAddString'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:586: undefined reference to `FcPatternAddString'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:590: undefined reference to `FcPatternAddInteger'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:591: undefined reference to `FcPatternAddInteger'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:592: undefined reference to `FcPatternAddDouble'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:593: undefined reference to `FcPatternAddString'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:599: undefined reference to `FcMatrixRotate'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:600: undefined reference to `FcPatternAddMatrix'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:604: undefined reference to `FcPatternAddBool'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:605: undefined reference to `FcPatternAddBool'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:612: undefined reference to `XftFontMatch'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:649: undefined reference to `XftFontOpenPattern'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:653: undefined reference to `XftFontOpen'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:657: undefined reference to `FcPatternDestroy'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:671: undefined reference to `FcPatternDestroy'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:690: undefined reference to `XftFontOpenXlfd'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libfltk.a(Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx.o): in function `utf8extents(Fl_Xlib_Font_Descriptor*,char const*,_XGlyphInfo*)':
/home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:739: undefined reference to `XftTextExtents32'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libfltk.a(Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx.o): in function `fl_xft_width(Fl_Font_Descriptor*,unsigned int*,int)':
/home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:763: undefined reference to `XftTextExtents32'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libfltk.a(Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx.o): in function `Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver::draw_unscaled(char const*,int)':
/home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:809: undefined reference to `XftDrawCreate'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:812: undefined reference to `XftDrawChange'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:816: undefined reference to `XftDrawSetClip'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:832: undefined reference to `XftDrawString32'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libfltk.a(Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx.o): in function `Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver::drawUCS4(void const*,int)':
/home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:855: undefined reference to `XftDrawCreate'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:858: undefined reference to `XftDrawChange'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:862: undefined reference to `XftDrawSetClip'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:874: undefined reference to `XftDrawString32'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libfltk.a(Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx.o): in function `Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver::rtl_draw_unscaled(char const*,int)':
/home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:894: undefined reference to `FcUtf8Len'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:909: undefined reference to `FcUtf8ToUcs4'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libfltk.a(Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx.o): in function `Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver::get_font_sizes(int,int*&)':
/home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:938: undefined reference to `XftListFonts'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:952: undefined reference to `FcPatternGetDouble'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:957: undefined reference to `FcFontSetDestroy'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libfltk.a(Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx.o): in function `Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver::destroy_xft_draw(unsigned long)':
/home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_font_xft.cxx:1021: undefined reference to `XftDrawChange'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libfltk.a(Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_image.cxx.o): in function `Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver::scale_and_render_pixmap(unsigned long,int)':
/home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_image.cxx:782: undefined reference to `XRenderFindStandardFormat'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_image.cxx:783: undefined reference to `XRenderFindStandardFormat'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_image.cxx:784: undefined reference to `XRenderFindVisualFormat'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_image.cxx:785: undefined reference to `XRenderCreatePicture'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_image.cxx:786: undefined reference to `XRenderCreatePicture'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_image.cxx:794: undefined reference to `XRenderSetPictureClipRegion'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_image.cxx:802: undefined reference to `XRenderSetPictureTransform'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_image.cxx:804: undefined reference to `XRenderComposite'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_image.cxx:806: undefined reference to `XRenderFreePicture'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/theo/1. Programming/2. Libraries/fltk/src/drivers/Xlib/Fl_Xlib_Graphics_Driver_image.cxx:807: undefined reference to `XRenderFreePicture'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

hello.cpp是文档中的一个：https://fltk.gitlab.io/fltk/basics.html 

#include <FL/Fl.H>
#include <FL/Fl_Window.H>
#include <FL/Fl_Box.H>

int main(int argc,char **argv)
{
    Fl_Window *window = new Fl_Window(340,180);
    Fl_Box *Box = new Fl_Box(20,40,300,100,"Hello,World!");
    Box->Box(FL_UP_Box);
    Box->labelfont(FL_BOLD + FL_ITALIC);
    Box->labelsize(36);
    Box->labeltype(FL_SHADOW_LABEL);
    window->end();
    window->show(argc,argv);
    return Fl::run();
}

有人可以告诉我应该添加或更改的内容吗？

谢谢！

编辑： 另一个可以编译的命令是：

g++ hello.cpp -o hello `fltk-config --ldflags`

Edit2： 在g ++命令中还有很多东西要添加，因此也许不值得手动输入它们。 使用“ fltk-config --compile test.cpp”似乎是最方便的方法。输出显示如下：

/usr/bin/c++ -I/usr/local/include -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 -D_THREAD_SAFE -D_REENTRANT -o 'test' 'test.cpp' /usr/local/lib/libfltk.a -lm -lX11 -lXext -lpthread -lXinerama -lXfixes -lXcursor -lXft -lXrender -lm -lfontconfig -ldl

Edit3： 我在这篇文章中找到了解释如何从《编程原理和实践》中编译出第一个示例的方法，这实际上是我的尝试。 https://groups.google.com/g/ppp-public/c/BtlzdWGuQpQ

解决方法

我也遇到了同样的错误，但对我来说，通过链接下面的 libs 错误得到了解决。 这是完整的命令。

g++ helloWorld.cpp -o hello -Ifltk-1.3.6 -Lfltk-1.3.6/lib -lfltk -lX11 -lXfixes -lXext -ldl -lXext -lpthread -lXinerama -lXcursor -lXft -lXrender -lm -lfontconfig

BR,

,

您可能需要xinerama软件包。您需要获取的软件包的完整列表是

  • libglu1-mesa-dev
  • libice-dev
  • libjpeg-dev-这可能是libjpeg62-dev或其他一些数字
  • libpng-dev-这可能是libpng12-dev或其他一些数字
  • libx11-dev
  • libxcursor-dev
  • libxext-dev
  • libxft-dev
  • libxinerama-dev
  • libxi-dev
  • mesa-common-dev
  • zlib1g-dev-它是b后面的一个：不是L

如果您运行的是旧版本之一，则可能需要先修改发行版的makefile，然后再运行configure and make

  • 寻找LDLIBS并添加-lfontconfig -lXrender
  • 查找GLDLIBS并添加-lfontconfig -lXrender -lfreetype

否则，您将在font.o中获得对符号FcInit的未定义引用。

c++fltk