问题描述
我有一个使用KVM的Windows 10 Pro虚拟机。它是使用最新版本的 libvirt 和 QEMU 通过 virt-manager 设置的。所有这些都在manjaro Linux 20上运行。manjaro默认使用其音频输出使用pulseAudio（至少对于manjaro 20）。我想知道是否有一种方法可以将pulseAudio与libvirt / QEMU / KVM一起使用，以使音频从客户机OS传递到主机。这意味着，将需要通过manjaro Linux中的默认输出设备听到来宾操作系统中正在播放的所有内容。首先，我尝试设置环境变量来进行设置，但没有用，并且在QEMU 4.1（我使用5.1）之后也被弃用了。然后，我尝试使用this tutorial，最终以某种方式砌砖manjaro，我不得不重新安装。我目前正在通过 virt-manager 使用默认的Spice服务器。我听说Spice服务器会带来很多开销，但我负担不起。我需要每个cpu周期，如果pulseAudio已经在运行，则最好使用它。在没有Spice服务器的情况下，我的 libvirt XML配置如下：
<domain type="kvm">
<name>windows10pro</name>
<uuid>1916e748-a979-40b7-b9d3-ff1b9a16155e</uuid>
<Metadata>
<libosinfo:libosinfo xmlns:libosinfo="http://libosinfo.org/xmlns/libvirt/domain/1.0">
<libosinfo:os id="http://microsoft.com/win/10"/>
</libosinfo:libosinfo>
</Metadata>
<memory unit="KiB">16777216</memory>
<currentMemory unit="KiB">16777216</currentMemory>
<vcpu placement="static">4</vcpu>
<os>
<type arch="x86_64" machine="pc-q35-5.1">hvm</type>
<loader readonly="yes" type="pflash">/usr/share/edk2-ovmf/x64/OVMF_CODE.fd</loader>
<nvram>/var/lib/libvirt/qemu/nvram/windows10pro_VARS.fd</nvram>
<boot dev="hd"/>
</os>
<features>
<acpi/>
<apic/>
<hyperv>
<relaxed state="on"/>
<vapic state="on"/>
<spinlocks state="on" retries="8191"/>
<vendor_id state="on" value="none"/>
</hyperv>
<kvm>
<hidden state="on"/>
</kvm>
<vmport state="off"/>
</features>
<cpu mode="host-passthrough" check="partial" migratable="on">
<topology sockets="1" dies="1" cores="4" threads="1"/>
<feature policy="disable" name="hypervisor"/>
</cpu>
<clock offset="localtime">
<timer name="rtc" tickpolicy="catchup"/>
<timer name="pit" tickpolicy="delay"/>
<timer name="hpet" present="no"/>
<timer name="hypervclock" present="yes"/>
</clock>
<on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
<on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
<on_crash>destroy</on_crash>
<pm>
<suspend-to-mem enabled="no"/>
<suspend-to-disk enabled="no"/>
</pm>
<devices>
<emulator>/usr/bin/qemu-system-x86_64</emulator>
<disk type="file" device="disk">
<driver name="qemu" type="qcow2"/>
<source file="/var/lib/libvirt/images/windows10pro.qcow2"/>
<target dev="vda" bus="virtio"/>
<address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x04" slot="0x00" function="0x0"/>
</disk>
<controller type="usb" index="0" model="qemu-xhci" ports="15">
<address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x02" slot="0x00" function="0x0"/>
</controller>
<controller type="sata" index="0">
<address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x1f" function="0x2"/>
</controller>
<controller type="pci" index="0" model="pcie-root"/>
<controller type="pci" index="1" model="pcie-root-port">
<model name="pcie-root-port"/>
<target chassis="1" port="0x10"/>
<address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x02" function="0x0" multifunction="on"/>
</controller>
<controller type="pci" index="2" model="pcie-root-port">
<model name="pcie-root-port"/>
<target chassis="2" port="0x11"/>
<address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x02" function="0x1"/>
</controller>
<controller type="pci" index="3" model="pcie-root-port">
<model name="pcie-root-port"/>
<target chassis="3" port="0x12"/>
<address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x02" function="0x2"/>
</controller>
<controller type="pci" index="4" model="pcie-root-port">
<model name="pcie-root-port"/>
<target chassis="4" port="0x13"/>
<address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x02" function="0x3"/>
</controller>
<controller type="pci" index="5" model="pcie-root-port">
<model name="pcie-root-port"/>
<target chassis="5" port="0x14"/>
<address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x02" function="0x4"/>
</controller>
<controller type="pci" index="6" model="pcie-root-port">
<model name="pcie-root-port"/>
<target chassis="6" port="0x15"/>
<address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x02" function="0x5"/>
</controller>
<controller type="pci" index="7" model="pcie-root-port">
<model name="pcie-root-port"/>
<target chassis="7" port="0x8"/>
<address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x01" function="0x0" multifunction="on"/>
</controller>
<controller type="pci" index="8" model="pcie-root-port">
<model name="pcie-root-port"/>
<target chassis="8" port="0x9"/>
<address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x01" function="0x1"/>
</controller>
<controller type="pci" index="9" model="pcie-to-pci-bridge">
<model name="pcie-pci-bridge"/>
<address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x08" slot="0x00" function="0x0"/>
</controller>
<controller type="virtio-serial" index="0">
<address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x03" slot="0x00" function="0x0"/>
</controller>
<interface type="network">
<mac address="52:54:00:fe:e2:a2"/>
<source network="default"/>
<model type="e1000e"/>
<address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x01" slot="0x00" function="0x0"/>
</interface>
<input type="tablet" bus="usb">
<address type="usb" bus="0" port="1"/>
</input>
<input type="mouse" bus="ps2"/>
<input type="keyboard" bus="ps2"/>
<hostdev mode="subsystem" type="pci" managed="yes">
<source>
<address domain="0x0000" bus="0x01" slot="0x00" function="0x0"/>
</source>
<address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x06" slot="0x00" function="0x0"/>
</hostdev>
<hostdev mode="subsystem" type="pci" managed="yes">
<source>
<address domain="0x0000" bus="0x01" slot="0x00" function="0x1"/>
</source>
<address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x07" slot="0x00" function="0x0"/>
</hostdev>
<hostdev mode="subsystem" type="usb" managed="yes">
<source>
<vendor id="0x1b1c"/>
<product id="0x1b49"/>
</source>
<address type="usb" bus="0" port="4"/>
</hostdev>
<hostdev mode="subsystem" type="usb" managed="yes">
<source>
<vendor id="0x264a"/>
<product id="0x1011"/>
</source>
<address type="usb" bus="0" port="5"/>
</hostdev>
<redirdev bus="usb" type="spicevmc">
<address type="usb" bus="0" port="2"/>
</redirdev>
<redirdev bus="usb" type="spicevmc">
<address type="usb" bus="0" port="3"/>
</redirdev>
<memballoon model="virtio">
<address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x05" slot="0x00" function="0x0"/>
</memballoon>
</devices>
</domain>
解决方法
这更多是评论，真的...
我自己不使用libvirt，但据我所知，您的配置中没有任何音频设备。
这是qemu命令行选项，我用于将来宾（Win10和其他）音频输出到-machine q35上的PulseAudio输出：
-device ich9-intel-hda,addr=1f.1
-audiodev pa,id=snd0
-device hda-output,audiodev=snd0
基本上，audiodev pa是主机的PulseAudio，而device hda-output是客户机上的线路输出设备（通过audiodev=snd0路由）。 ...并且hda-output需要一条ich9-intel-hda总线才能连接。
...我希望virt-manager允许这种类型的设置。