问题描述
我正在按照YouTube教程系列进行3D渲染项目。我已经尝试使用OBJ文件格式渲染3D纹理模型。
使用本教程提供的模型进行3D渲染：
问题在于，当我创建自己的基于体素的模型时，纹理会奇怪地映射到对象。
具有扭曲纹理的简单2色体素立方体：
据我所知这是某种插值问题，但是我对3D OpenGL框架还不足够了解。
任何帮助将不胜感激。
OBJ文件：
# www.blender.org
mtllib grass2.mtl
o ObjObject
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usemtl palette
s 1
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usemtl palette.001
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f 116/194/4 115/190/4 117/195/4
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f 125/205/6 126/206/6 127/207/6
f 127/207/6 126/206/6 128/208/6
纹理文件：
OBJ加载程序：
package Voxel2.renderEngine;
import Voxel2.models.RawModel;
import org.lwjgl.util.vector.Vector2f;
import org.lwjgl.util.vector.Vector3f;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class OBJLoader {
public static RawModel loadobjModel(String fileName,Loader loader) {
FileReader fr = null;
try {
fr = new FileReader(new File("res/models/" + fileName + ".obj"));
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
System.err.println("Couldn't load model!");
e.printstacktrace();
}
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(fr);
String line;
List<Vector3f> vertices = new ArrayList<>();
List<Vector2f> textures = new ArrayList<>();
List<Vector3f> normals = new ArrayList<>();
List<Integer> indices = new ArrayList<>();
float[] verticesArray = null;
float[] normalsArray = null;
float[] textureArray = null;
int[] indicesArray = null;
try {
while(true) {
line = reader.readLine();
String[] currentLine = line.split(" ");
if (line.startsWith("v ")) {
Vector3f vertex = new Vector3f(Float.parseFloat(currentLine[1]),Float.parseFloat(currentLine[2]),Float.parseFloat(currentLine[3]));
vertices.add(vertex);
} else if (line.startsWith("vt ")) {
Vector2f texture = new Vector2f(Float.parseFloat(currentLine[1]),Float.parseFloat(currentLine[2]));
textures.add(texture);
} else if (line.startsWith("vn ")) {
Vector3f normal = new Vector3f(Float.parseFloat(currentLine[1]),Float.parseFloat(currentLine[3]));
normals.add(normal);
} else if (line.startsWith("f ")) {
textureArray = new float[vertices.size() * 2];
normalsArray = new float[vertices.size() * 3];
break;
}
}
while (line != null) {
if (!line.startsWith("f ")) {
line = reader.readLine();
continue;
}
String[] currentLine = line.split(" ");
String[] vertex1 = currentLine[1].split("/");
String[] vertex2 = currentLine[2].split("/");
String[] vertex3 = currentLine[3].split("/");
processvertex(vertex1,indices,textures,normals,textureArray,normalsArray);
processvertex(vertex2,normalsArray);
processvertex(vertex3,normalsArray);
line = reader.readLine();
}
reader.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printstacktrace();
}
verticesArray = new float[vertices.size() * 3];
indicesArray = new int[indices.size()];
int vertexPointer = 0;
for (Vector3f vertex : vertices) {
verticesArray[vertexPointer++] = vertex.x;
verticesArray[vertexPointer++] = vertex.y;
verticesArray[vertexPointer++] = vertex.z;
}
for (int i = 0; i < indices.size(); i ++) {
indicesArray[i] = indices.get(i);
}
return loader.loadToVAO(verticesArray,indicesArray);
}
private static void processvertex(String[] vertexData,List<Integer> indices,List<Vector2f> textures,List<Vector3f> normals,float[] textureArray,float[] normalsArray) {
int currentVertexPointer = Integer.parseInt(vertexData[0]) - 1;
indices.add(currentVertexPointer);
Vector2f currentTex = textures.get(Integer.parseInt(vertexData[1]) -1);
textureArray[currentVertexPointer * 2] = currentTex.x;
textureArray[currentVertexPointer * 2 + 1] = 1- currentTex.y;
Vector3f currentnorm = normals.get(Integer.parseInt(vertexData[2]) - 1);
normalsArray[currentVertexPointer * 3] = currentnorm.x;
normalsArray[currentVertexPointer * 3 + 1] = currentnorm.y;
normalsArray[currentVertexPointer * 3 + 2] = currentnorm.z;
}
}
渲染器：
package Voxel2.renderEngine;
import Voxel2.models.RawModel;
import Voxel2.models.TexturedModel;
import org.lwjgl.opengl.display;
import org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11;
import org.lwjgl.opengl.GL13;
import org.lwjgl.opengl.GL20;
import org.lwjgl.opengl.GL30;
import org.lwjgl.util.vector.Matrix4f;
import Voxel2.shaders.StaticShader;
import Voxel2.toolBox.Maths;
import Voxel2.entities.Entity;
public class Renderer {
private static final float FOV = 70;
private static final float NEAR_PLANE = 0.1f;
private static final float FAR_PLANE = 1000;
private Matrix4f projectionMatrix;
public Renderer(StaticShader shader){
createProjectionMatrix();
shader.start();
shader.loadProjectionMatrix(projectionMatrix);
shader.stop();
}
public void prepare() {
GL11.glEnable(GL11.GL_DEPTH_TEST);
GL11.glClear(GL11.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL11.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
GL11.glClearColor(0.3f,0.3f,1);
}
public void render(Entity entity,StaticShader shader) {
TexturedModel model = entity.getModel();
RawModel rawModel = model.getRawModel();
GL30.glBindVertexArray(rawModel.getVaoID());
GL20.glEnabLevertexAttribArray(0);
GL20.glEnabLevertexAttribArray(1);
Matrix4f transformationMatrix = Maths.createTransformationMatrix(entity.getPosition(),entity.getRotX(),entity.getRotY(),entity.getRotZ(),entity.getScale());
shader.loadTransformationMatrix(transformationMatrix);
GL13.glActiveTexture(GL13.GL_TEXTURE0);
GL11.glBindTexture(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D,model.getTexture().getID());
GL11.glDrawElements(GL11.GL_TRIANGLES,rawModel.getVertexCount(),GL11.GL_UNSIGNED_INT,0);
GL20.gldisabLevertexAttribArray(0);
GL20.gldisabLevertexAttribArray(1);
GL30.glBindVertexArray(0);
}
private void createProjectionMatrix(){
float aspectRatio = (float) display.getWidth() / (float) display.getHeight();
float y_scale = (float) ((1f / Math.tan(Math.toradians(FOV / 2f))) * aspectRatio);
float x_scale = y_scale / aspectRatio;
float frustum_length = FAR_PLANE - NEAR_PLANE;
projectionMatrix = new Matrix4f();
projectionMatrix.m00 = x_scale;
projectionMatrix.m11 = y_scale;
projectionMatrix.m22 = -((FAR_PLANE + NEAR_PLANE) / frustum_length);
projectionMatrix.m23 = -1;
projectionMatrix.m32 = -((2 * NEAR_PLANE * FAR_PLANE) / frustum_length);
projectionMatrix.m33 = 0;
}
}
片段着色器：
#version 150
in vec2 pass_textureCoordinates;
out vec4 out_Color;
uniform sampler2D modelTexture;
void main(void){
out_Color = texture(modelTexture,pass_textureCoordinates);
}
顶点着色器：
#version 150
in vec3 position;
in vec2 textureCoordinates;
out vec2 pass_textureCoordinates;
uniform mat4 transformationMatrix;
uniform mat4 projectionMatrix;
uniform mat4 viewMatrix;
void main(void){
gl_Position = projectionMatrix * viewMatrix * transformationMatrix * vec4(position,1.0);
pass_textureCoordinates = textureCoordinates;
}
解决方法
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