如何在Python Turtle模块中绘制网格线？

问题描述

所以目前我正试图通过读取.txt文件并在Python的Turtle库中显示它来绘制一个块状迷宫。目前，我的代码只能绘制框，而不能绘制框周围的网格线。无论如何，有解决这个问题的方法，因为我试图看一下文档，他们只建议turtle.Turtle.fillcolor，这似乎并不正确。

这是我当前的代码：

# import the necessary library
import turtle

# read the .txt file here!
with open("map01.txt") as f:
    content = f.readlines()
content = [x.strip() for x in content] 

# create the map here!
window = turtle.Screen()
window.bgcolor("white") # set the background as white(check if this is default)
window.title("PIZZA RUNNERS") # create the titlebar
window.setup(700,700)

# create pen
class Pen(turtle.Turtle):
    def __init__(self):
        turtle.Turtle.__init__(self)
        self.shape("square")
        self.color('grey')
        self.penup()
        self.speed(0)

# create maze_list
maze = []

# add the maze to maze
maze.append(content)

# create conversion from the list to the map in turtle
def setup_maze(level):
    for y in range(len(level)):
        for x in range(len(level[y])):
            # get the character at each x,y coordinate
            character = level[y][x]
            # calculate the screen x,y coordinates
            screen_x = -288 + (x * 24)
            screen_y = 288 - (y * 24)
            
            # check if it is a wall
            if character == "X":
                pen.goto(screen_x,screen_y)
                pen.stamp()

# create class instances     
pen = Pen()

# set up the maze
setup_maze(maze[0])

# main game loop
while True:
    pass

这就是我正在读取的当前文本文件的样子：

XXXXXXXXXXXX
X.........eX
X.XXX.XXX..X
X.XsX.X.XX.X
X.X......X.X
X.XXXXXXXX.X
X..........X
XXXXXXXXXXXX

假定“ s”和“ e”代表起点和终点，但尚未实现，因此可以忽略。点代表路径，X代表墙壁。当前的地图（或txt）尺寸为8行乘12列。

现在，我的输出如下所示：

我希望它看起来像这样（指的是添加网格，而不是相同的图案迷宫）：

解决方法

假设您想要的是：

然后，我们需要将方形光标的大小从默认大小20调整为平铺大小24：

from turtle import Screen,Turtle

TILE_SIZE = 24
CURSOR_SIZE = 20

class Pen(Turtle):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.shape('square')
        self.shapesize(TILE_SIZE / CURSOR_SIZE)
        self.color('grey')
        self.penup()
        self.speed('fastest')

def setup_maze(level):
    ''' Conversion from the list to the map in turtle. '''

    maze_height,maze_width = len(level),len(level[0])

    for y in range(maze_height):
        for x in range(maze_width):
            # get the character at each x,y coordinate
            character = level[y][x]

            # check if it is a wall
            if character == 'X':
                # calculate the screen x,y coordinates
                screen_x = (x - maze_width) * TILE_SIZE
                screen_y = (maze_width - y) * TILE_SIZE

                pen.goto(screen_x,screen_y)
                pen.stamp()

screen = Screen()
screen.setup(700,700)
screen.title("PIZZA RUNNERS")

maze = []

with open("map01.txt") as file:
    for line in file:
        maze.append(line.strip())

pen = Pen()

setup_maze(maze)

screen.mainloop()

如果您正在寻找类似的东西：

然后更改该行：

self.color('grey')

在上面的代码中：

self.color('black','grey')

最后，如果您愿意：

然后，我们需要对上面的代码进行一些小的更改：

class Pen(Turtle):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.shape('square')
        self.shapesize(TILE_SIZE / CURSOR_SIZE)
        self.pencolor('black')
        self.penup()
        self.speed('fastest')

def setup_maze(level):
    ''' Conversion from the list to the map in turtle. '''

    maze_height,y coordinate
            character = level[y][x]

            # check if it is a wall or a path
            pen.fillcolor(['white','grey'][character == 'X'])

            # calculate the screen x,y coordinates
            screen_x = (x - maze_width) * TILE_SIZE
            screen_y = (maze_width - y) * TILE_SIZE

            pen.goto(screen_x,screen_y)
            pen.stamp()