常见的Lisp调用deftype方法

问题描述

我无法进行此操作。我正在使用override init() { super.init() let center = UNUserNotificationCenter.current() center.getNotificationSettings { (settings) in if(settings.authorizationStatus == .authorized) { self.allowednotifications = true self.showResult = true } else if (settings.authorizationStatus == .denied) { self.allowednotifications = false self.showResult = true } } } 方法定义谓词,该方法评估列表x和列表y的元素是否属于相同类型且位于相同位置。当我尝试调用谓词进行测试时,问题就来了。我收到错误消息deftype SameType(x y),这是我的代码

ERROR: SameType is undefined

这就是我的称呼方式

(deftype SameType (x y)
`(cond 
    ((and (null x) (null y) T))
    (
        (and (numberp (car x)) (numberp (car y)))
        (SameType (cdr x) (cdr y) )
    )
    (
        (and (stringp (car x)) (stringp (car y)))
        (SameType (cdr x) (cdr y) )
    )
    (
        (and (atom (car x)) (atom (car y)))
        (SameType (cdr x) (cdr y) )
    )
    (T nil)
)

我已经检查了各种onine资源,甚至在此站点上也有相关问题。

解决方法

deftype可用于定义类型,而不是谓词。例如,要仅使用整数定义列表的类型,可以编写如下内容:

(defun intlistp (l)
  "predicate to check if l is a list consisting only of integers"
  (and (listp l)               ; l is a list and
       (every #'integerp l)))  ; every element of l is an integer

(deftype integer-list ()
  "the type of list of integers"
  `(satisfies intlistp))

,然后您可以检查一个值是否满足此类型:

CL-USER> (typep '(1 2 3) 'integer-list)
T
CL-USER> (typep '(1 2.5 3) 'integer-list)
NIL

如果要根据定义检查两个列表的类型是否相同,则可以定义一个常规函数:

(defun same-type (l1 l2)
  "check if lists l1 and l2 have the same length and corresponding
   elements of the same CL type"
  (cond ((null l1)        ; if l1 is null
         (null l2))       ; returns true only if also l2 is null
        ((and (consp l1)  ; if l1 is a cons
              (consp l2)  ; and l2 is a cons too,(typep (car l1) (type-of (car l2)))) ; and their cars have the same CL type
         (same-type (cdr l1) (cdr l2))))) ; go recursively on their cdrs

CL-USER> (same-type '(1 a 3) '(2 b 4))
T
CL-USER> (same-type '(1 "a" 3) '(2 "b" 3))
T
CL-USER> (same-type '(1 a 3) '(2 b 4.5))
NIL
CL-USER> (same-type '(1 a 3) '(2 b 4 3))
NIL
CL-USER> (same-type '(1 2 (3 4)) '(1 6 (4 5)))
T
CL-USER> (same-type '(1 2 (3 4)) '(1 6 (4 5 6)))
T

请注意,从上一个示例中可以看到,仅针对列表的第一级检查类型。