问题描述
我正在尝试使其工作:
Practitioner notes -> Python scripts for automation in NA -> Python client to invoke NA SOAP APIs
这是我的代码(经过了一些消毒):
#! /usr/bin/env python3
from requests import Session
from zeep import Client
from zeep.transports import Transport
session = Session()
session.verify = False
transport = Transport(session=session)
client = Client( 'https://SERVER_FQDN/soap?wsdl=api.wsdl.wsdl2py',transport=transport)
# I added this for the network proxy
client.transport.session.proxies = {
'http': '10.0.0.1:80','https': '10.0.0.1:80',}
# Then found I needed this because "localhost" is hard-coded in the WSDL
client.service._binding_options['address'] = 'https://SERVER_FQDN/soap'
login_params = {
'username':'user','password':'PASSWORD',}
loginResult = client.service.login(parameters=login_params )
sesnhdr_type = client.get_element('ns0:list_deviceInputParms')
sesnhdr = sesnhdr_type(sessionid=loginResult.Text)
devices = client.service.list_device(_soapheaders=[sesnhdr],parameters=sesnhdr)
print('\n\n ----------------------------- \n')
for i in devices.ResultSet.Row:
print(i.hostName + ' ---> '+i.primaryIPAddress)
params = {
"ip":i.primaryIPAddress,"sessionid": loginResult.Text
}
device = client.service.show_deviceinfo(parameters=params)
print(device.Text)
print('\n\n ----------------------------- \n')
这是我的输出:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py",line 667,in urlopen
self._prepare_proxy(conn)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py",line 932,in _prepare_proxy
conn.connect()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/urllib3/connection.py",line 317,in connect
self._tunnel()
File "/usr/lib64/python3.6/http/client.py",line 929,in _tunnel
message.strip()))
OSError: Tunnel connection Failed: 503 Service Unavailable
During handling of the above exception,another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/requests/adapters.py",line 449,in send
timeout=timeout
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py",line 727,in urlopen
method,url,error=e,_pool=self,_stacktrace=sys.exc_info()[2]
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/urllib3/util/retry.py",line 439,in increment
raise MaxRetryError(_pool,error or ResponseError(cause))
urllib3.exceptions.MaxRetryError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='SERVER_FQDN',port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /soap (Caused by ProxyError('Cannot connect to proxy.',OSError('Tunnel connection Failed: 503 Service Unavailable',)))
During handling of the above exception,another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "./na-1.py",line XX,in <module>
loginResult = client.service.login(parameters=login_params )
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/zeep/proxy.py",line 51,in __call__
kwargs,File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/zeep/wsdl/bindings/soap.py",line 127,in send
response = client.transport.post_xml(options["address"],envelope,http_headers)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/zeep/transports.py",line 107,in post_xml
return self.post(address,message,headers)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/zeep/transports.py",line 74,in post
address,data=message,headers=headers,timeout=self.operation_timeout
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/requests/sessions.py",line 578,in post
return self.request('POST',data=data,json=json,**kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/requests/sessions.py",line 530,in request
resp = self.send(prep,**send_kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/requests/sessions.py",line 643,in send
r = adapter.send(request,**kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/requests/adapters.py",line 510,in send
raise ProxyError(e,request=request)
requests.exceptions.ProxyError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='SERVER_FQDN',)))
如果我使用“ localhost”并在问题服务器上运行脚本,则会遇到相同的错误。 系统已设置代理环境值。 服务器有正确的正向和反向DNS条目。 服务器的名称和IP也位于/ etc / hosts
这是问题所在: 如果我使用IP地址而不是服务器的FQDN,则代码将运行。
供应商支持表示问题出在提供端点的应用程序中:
503错误表示该服务不可用,在三种情况下调用此行为:1.服务器正在维护中; 2.服务器过载; 3.在极少数情况下,DNS配置有问题。如果看到的话,这个问题与NA无关,因为请求可以与IP正常工作。
对此有何想法?
为什么仅IP有效,而FQDN或localhost不起作用?
解决方法
我的问题在于客户端的初始化想要继续进行连接,但我需要在开始时进行代理设置。因此,我拼凑了 official docs 中的两个示例,以在建立连接时设置代理。
from zeep import Client
from zeep.transports import Transport
from requests import Session
session = Session()
session.proxies = {
'http': 'http://username:password@proxy.example.com:8080','https': 'http://username:password@proxy.example.com:8080'
}
transport=Transport(session=session)
client = Client(URL,transport=transport)
,
我看到的大部分关于在 Zeep 中使用代理的文档都以 client = Client(url)
开头,但如果 url
位于防火墙后面并且只能通过代理访问,则这不起作用!我根据文档尝试做的事情除了超时(当然)之外什么也没做。
关键在于理解 Zeep 建立在 requests
之上,请求可以使用代理来启动会话。因此,您需要构建一个代理会话,然后将该会话传递给传输,并使用该传输初始化 Zeep 客户端。这对我有用:
session = requests.Session()
session.auth = requests.auth.HTTPBasicAuth(soap_username,soap_password)
session.proxies = {"https": f"socks5://{settings.STATIC_PROXY}"}
transport = zeep.transports.Transport(session=session,timeout=(5,30))
client = zeep.Client(url,transport=transport)