带有OLEDB的SQL字符串在VBA中给出错误1004

编程问答 2022-06-03

问题描述

我想通过VBA宏将文本文件导入到excel过滤器中。当我在sql字符串中使用LIKE运算符时，出现错误1004。 我已经尝试将*和%用作通配符，并且将ALike而不是Like用作通配符，但是没有区别。

test_7.txt 

946737295   9CE78280    FF  1   5   FF  FF  FF  FF  FF
946737295   9CE78280    C0  FF  0   0   0   0   FF  FF
946737295   9CE68082    C0  4   0   FF  FF  FF  FF  FF

，宏为：

Sub import_txt()

Dim input_path As String
input_path = "C:\test_7.txt"

Dim strsql As Variant
strsql = "SELECT * FROM [test_7]" & _
   " WHERE Column2 Like '*E7*' AND" & _
   " Column4='FF'"
   
    ActiveWorkbook.Queries.Add Name:="test_7",Formula:= _
    "let" & "    Origine = Csv.Document(File.Contents(""" & input_path & """),[Delimiter=""#(tab)"",Columns=10,Encoding=1252,QuoteStyle=QuoteStyle.None])," & "    #""Modifica tipo"" = Table.TransformColumnTypes(Origine,{{""Column1"",type text},{""Column2"",{""Colum" & _
    "n3"",{""Column4"",{""Column5"",{""Column6"",{""Column7"",{""Column8"",{""Column9"",{""Column10"",type text}})" & "in" & "    #""Modifica tipo"""
    
ActiveWorkbook.Worksheets.Add
With ActiveSheet.ListObjects.Add(SourceType:=0,Source:= _
    "OLEDB;Provider=Microsoft.Mashup.OleDb.1;Data Source=$Workbook$;Location=test_7;Extended Properties=""""" _,Destination:=Range("$A$1")).QueryTable
    .CommandType = xlCmdsql
    .CommandText = Array(strsql) 'Array("SELECT * FROM [test_7]")
    .RowNumbers = False
    .FillAdjacentFormulas = False
    .PreserveFormatting = True
    .RefreshOnFileOpen = False
    .BackgroundQuery = True
    .RefreshStyle = xlInsertDeleteCells
    .SavePassword = False
    .SaveData = True
    .AdjustColumnWidth = True
    .RefreshPeriod = 0
    .PreserveColumnInfo = True
    .ListObject.displayName = "test_7"
    .Refresh BackgroundQuery:=False
End With
End Sub

解决方法

SQL语句不能与Power Query提供程序一起很好地工作。但是您可以通过与查询关联的公式完全实现所需的功能。

请参见以下示例：

Sub readTxt()
Dim Wb As Workbook
Dim Ws As Worksheet
Dim Conn As WorkbookConnection
Dim mFormula As String
Dim query As WorkbookQuery

Set Wb = ActiveWorkbook
Set Ws = Wb.ActiveSheet

mFormula = "let " & _
    "Source = Csv.Document(File.Contents(""C:\Users\Loïc\Desktop\test\test.txt""),[Delimiter="";"",Encoding=65001,QuoteStyle=QuoteStyle.Csv])," & _
    "#""Step1"" = Table.SelectRows(Source,each Text.Contains([Column2],""E7"") and [Column3] = ""FF"")" & _
    "in #""Step1"""
    
Set query = Wb.Queries.Add("Test text",mFormula)

With Ws.ListObjects.Add(SourceType:=0,Source:= _
     "OLEDB;Provider=Microsoft.Mashup.OleDb.1;Data Source=$Workbook$;Location=" & "Test text" & ";Extended Properties=""""",Destination:=Ws.Range("A1"),XlListObjectHasHeaders:=xlYes).QueryTable
     .CommandType = xlCmdSql
     .AdjustColumnWidth = False
     .ListObject.Name = "test"
     .CommandText = "SELECT * FROM [" & "Test text" & "]"
     .Refresh BackgroundQuery:=False
 End With
      
End Sub

您可能想要添加一些错误处理机制（以防文件已经打开等），并在不再需要时删除与文本文件的连接。

您将找到Microsoft的Power Query M公式语言here的文档。

使用VBA帮助您建立M公式的最后一个技巧：使用宏记录器！

excelexceloledbsqlsqlwildcard