如何使用LIKE运算符为多个值以及还使用LIMIT编写SQL查询

编程问答 2022-06-03

问题描述

我想用LIKE运算符编写SQL查询几个值，也要使用LIMIT。所以，当我尝试这个：

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我没有两个值。我得到具有两行的数据帧，其中两行中的消息相等，是由user1发出的请求。我怎么写正确？

期望的结果是：

SELECT class,message
FROM my_data
WHERE message LIKE '%request was made%' AND message LIKE '%received an answer%'
LIMIT 2

我以后使用此r代码：

class               message
request        request was made by user1
received       received an answer by user114

我的数据如下：

df <- dbGetQuery(dbConnect(...),stri_encode(sql,to = "UTF-8")) %>%
  as.data.frame()

解决方法

考虑使用neighbor功能：

SELECT result.1 as class,result.2 as message
FROM (
  SELECT arrayJoin([(class,message),(next_row_class,next_row_message)]) as result
  FROM (
    SELECT class,message,neighbor(class,1) next_row_class,neighbor(message,1) next_row_message
    FROM (
      /* emulate origin data */
      SELECT data.1 as date,data.2 as class,data.3 as message
      FROM (SELECT arrayJoin(
        [('2020-11-01','request ','request was made by user1'),('2020-11-01','received','received an answer by user114'),'request','request was made by user45'),'error','error with messages occurred'),'request was made by user413'),'received an answer by user056'),'received an answer by user77'),'update','data was updated')]) as data))
    )
  WHERE message LIKE '%request was made%' AND next_row_message LIKE '%received an answer%'
  )
LIMIT 2  

/*
┌─class────┬─message───────────────────────┐
│ request  │ request was made by user1     │
│ received │ received an answer by user114 │
└──────────┴───────────────────────────────┘
*/
,

你们都需要

  1. 将AND替换为OR；和
  2. 包括限制为user1的逻辑，它必须在查询中。

我将演示使用sqldf只是为了获得快速的sql查询，但这在任何DBMS中都适用。

sqldf::sqldf(
  "select * from df
   where message like '%user1%'
     AND (
       message LIKE '%request was made%'
       OR message LIKE '%received an answer%'
     )
   limit 2")
#         date    class                       message
# 1 2020-11-01  request     request was made by user1
# 2 2020-11-01 received received an answer by user114

数据：

df <- structure(list(date = c("2020-11-01","2020-11-01","2020-11-01"),class = c("request","received","request","error","update"),message = c("request was made by user1","received an answer by user114","request was made by user45","error with messages occurred","request was made by user413","received an answer by user056","received an answer by user77","data was updated")),row.names = c(NA,-10L),class = "data.frame")
,

也许您需要这样的东西？

NumberFormatException
,

尝试以下操作：

SELECT DISTINCT class,message
FROM my_data
WHERE message LIKE '%request was made%'
   OR message LIKE '%received an answer%'
LIMIT 2

我在想DISTINCT可以保留重复的类，消息组合以显示在输出中。另外，您还需要一个OR或一个AND，因为没有一条记录可以同时满足这两个条件（至少在您显示的示例数据中）。

注意-在每种情况下都行不通，因为在您收到“收到答案”之前，您可能有两个不同的“请求”。

,

只需将AND替换为OR，您的查询将为：

SELECT class,message
FROM my_data
WHERE message LIKE '%request was made%' OR message LIKE '%received an answer%'
LIMIT 2
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