如何在Python中获取多边形内网格点的坐标?

问题描述

我想输入一个多边形的4个顶点的坐标,指定分割多边形边缘的点数(等段),目标是生成一个包含多边形内部网格点坐标的矩阵.

下图可能更好地解释了我的目标:

enter image description here

因此,在这种情况下,我将输入点 (P) 的坐标并指定我希望网格为 3 x 2。输出将是一个 3 x 2 矩阵,其坐标为 (x,y) 网格点 (N)。

我已经搜索了很多,但仍然找不到方法来做到这一点,老实说,我对 Python 完全没有经验。我发现使用 numpy 的 meshgrid 结合 matplotlib.path 的 contains_points 在多边形内创建网格,但我不知道如何获取网格点的坐标。我看到在此类问题中大量使用了匀称,但同样,我没有这方面的经验,因此将不胜感激!

先谢谢大家!

解决方法

为了解释该方法,我们分为三个步骤:

  1. 找出四边形每一边的刻度
  2. 找到网格线
  3. 找到网格线的交点
def det(a,b):
    return a[0] * b[1] - a[1] * b[0]

ticks = []
A = (1,2)  # wlog.,suppose the polygon is ABCD;
B = (3,2)
C = (3,4)
D = (1,4)
polygon = [A,B,C,D]
n = 3  # number of parts on each side of the grid

# we first find ticks on each side of the polygon
for j in range(4):  # because we are talking about 4-gons
    temp_ticks = []
    for i in range(n-1):
        t = (i+1)*(1/n)
        Ex = polygon[j][0] * (1-t) + polygon[(j+1) % 4][0] * t
        Ey = polygon[j][1] * (1-t) + polygon[(j+1) % 4][1] * t
        temp_ticks.append((Ex,Ey))
    if j < 2:
        ticks.append(temp_ticks)
    else: # because you are moving backward in this part
        temp_ticks.reverse()
        ticks.append(temp_ticks)

# then we find lines of the grid
h_lines = []
v_lines = []
for i in range(n-1):
    h_lines.append((ticks[0][i],ticks[2][i]))
    v_lines.append((ticks[1][i],ticks[3][i]))
        
# then we find the intersection of grid lines
for i in range(len(h_lines)):
    for j in range(len(v_lines)):
        line1 = h_lines[i]
        line2 = v_lines[j]
        xdiff = (line1[0][0] - line1[1][0],line2[0][0] - line2[1][0])
        ydiff = (line1[0][1] - line1[1][1],line2[0][1] - line2[1][1])
        div = det(xdiff,ydiff)
        if div == 0:
            raise Exception('lines do not intersect')

        d = (det(*line1),det(*line2))
        x = det(d,xdiff) / div
        y = det(d,ydiff) / div
        print(x,y) # this is an intersection point that you want

注:求直线交点的部分代码来自here