如何配置嵌入式 Tomcat 来运行 Spring MVC 应用程序？

问题描述

按照此处给出的教程：https://www.codejava.net/servers/tomcat/how-to-embed-tomcat-server-into-java-web-applications，我尝试在单独的嵌入式 tomcat 配置项目中部署 Spring war 文件。这是我的 java 配置和我的 build.gradle 配置：

嵌入式 Tomcat 的 Java 配置：

public static void main(String[] args) throws LifecycleException {
        Tomcat tomcat = new Tomcat();
        tomcat.setBaseDir("temp");
        tomcat.setPort(9000);

        String contextpath = "";
        String docBase = new File("spring.war").getAbsolutePath();

        tomcat.getHost().setAppBase(".");

        tomcat.addWebapp(contextpath,docBase);

        tomcat.start();
        tomcat.getServer().await();
}

Gradle 构建文件：

plugins {
    id 'java'
    id 'application'
}

group 'org.example'
version '1.0-SNAPSHOT'

mainClassName = 'TomcatDriver'

repositories {
    mavenCentral()
}

dependencies {
    compile group: 'org.apache.tomcat.embed',name: 'tomcat-embed-core',version: '9.0.37-dev'
    compile group: 'org.apache.tomcat.embed',name: 'tomcat-embed-jasper',version: '9.0.37'
    compile group: 'org.apache.tomcat',name: 'tomcat-juli',name: 'tomcat-annotations-api',version: '9.0.37'
}

当我从 Intellij Idea（社区）运行时，该应用程序似乎确实进行了一些初始化，但在浏览器上访问指定地址时出现错误：

无法访问此站点 本地主机拒绝连接。 尝试： 检查连接 检查代理和防火墙 ERR_CONNECTION_REFUSED

这是我在使用 Intellij Idea（社区）运行应用程序时得到的日志：

17:13:32: Executing task 'TomcatDriver.main()'...

> Task :compileJava
> Task :processResources NO-SOURCE
> Task :classes

> Task :TomcatDriver.main()
Jan 20,2021 5:13:34 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService startInternal
INFO: Starting service [Tomcat]
Jan 20,2021 5:13:34 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine startInternal
INFO: Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/9.0.37]
Jan 20,2021 5:13:34 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig getDefaultWebXmlFragment
INFO: No global web.xml found
Jan 20,2021 5:13:37 PM org.apache.jasper.servlet.TldScanner scanJars
INFO: At least one JAR was scanned for TLDs yet contained no TLDs. Enable debug logging for this logger for a complete list of JARs that were scanned but no TLDs were found in them. Skipping unneeded JARs during scanning can improve startup time and JSP compilation time.
SLF4J: Failed to load class "org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder".
SLF4J: Defaulting to no-operation (nop) logger implementation
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#StaticLoggerBinder for further details.
Jan 20,2021 5:13:37 PM org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
INFO: 1 Spring WebApplicationInitializers detected on classpath
Jan 20,2021 5:13:37 PM org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
INFO: Initializing Spring FrameworkServlet 'dispatcher'
Jan 20,2021 5:13:38 PM org.hibernate.jpa.internal.util.LogHelper logPersistenceUnitinformation
INFO: HHH000204: Processing PersistenceUnitInfo [
    name: default
    ...]
Jan 20,2021 5:13:39 PM org.hibernate.Version logVersion
INFO: HHH000412: Hibernate Core {5.3.7.Final}
Jan 20,2021 5:13:39 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Environment <clinit>
INFO: HHH000206: hibernate.properties not found
Jan 20,2021 5:13:39 PM org.hibernate.annotations.common.reflection.java.JavaReflectionManager <clinit>
INFO: HCANN000001: Hibernate Commons Annotations {5.0.4.Final}
Jan 20,2021 5:13:40 PM org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect <init>
INFO: HHH000400: Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MysqLDialect
Jan 20,2021 5:13:42 PM org.hibernate.validator.internal.util.Version <clinit>
INFO: HV000001: Hibernate Validator 6.1.7.Final

谁能建议我在配置中做错了什么？相同的配置适用于带有版本 8 https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.tomcat.embed/tomcat-embed-core/8.0.48 的嵌入式 tomcat 的非 Spring 项目。

嵌入式 Tomcat 8 jar 似乎无法运行 Spring 项目。我在这里读到 Spring boot WAR deployment failed to start in Tomcat Spring war 文件可能需要 Tomcat 9 才能部署。这就是我尝试使用 tomcat 9 jars 的原因。

更新

我认为这篇文章解决了我遇到的问题：Code works with Embedded Apache Tomcat 8 but not with 9. What's changed?

提前致谢！

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