问题描述
我在 STM32G0 上有一个正在运行的 C 应用程序， 它使用引导加载程序，但其大小几乎占所有可用空间的 99.8%， 这是Bootloader Memory的配置：
//Bootloader OK Loader script:
MEMORY
{
RAM (xrw) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000,LENGTH = 36K
FLASH (rx) : ORIGIN = 0x8000000,LENGTH = 10K
BOOT_CFG (r) : ORIGIN = 0x8002800,LENGTH = 2K
OTP (r) : ORIGIN = 0x8003000,LENGTH = 2K
PROG (rx) : ORIGIN = 0x8003800,LENGTH = 114K
}
这是应用内存的配置：
//Application OK Loader script:
MEMORY
{
RAM (xrw) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000,LENGTH = 36K
FLASH (rx) : ORIGIN = 0x8003800,LENGTH = 112K
INNER_REG (r) : ORIGIN = 0x801F800,LENGTH = 2K
}
我需要更多空间用于引导加载程序，因此我为两者创建了不同的加载程序脚本：
//Bootloader NOT-OK Loader script:
MEMORY
{
RAM (xrw) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000,LENGTH = 12K
BOOT_CFG (r) : ORIGIN = 0x8003000,LENGTH = 2K
OTP (r) : ORIGIN = 0x8003800,LENGTH = 2K
PROG (rx) : ORIGIN = 0x8004000,LENGTH = 110K
}
这是应用内存的配置：
//Application NOT-OK Loader script:
MEMORY
{
RAM (xrw) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000,LENGTH = 36K
FLASH (rx) : ORIGIN = 0x8004000,LENGTH = 110K
INNER_REG (r) : ORIGIN = 0x801F800,LENGTH = 2K
}
新的更大的引导程序似乎没问题，而且应用程序启动也没有问题， 但过了一会儿，某处出现了异常，我无法理解原因：
知道如何发现和解决问题吗？ 以下是更大空间引导加载程序的完整加载程序：
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file LinkerScript.ld
* @author Auto-generated by STM32CubeIDE
* @brief Linker script for STM32G070RBTx Device from STM32G0 series
* 128Kbytes FLASH
* 36Kbytes RAM
*
* Set heap size,stack size and stack location according
* to application requirements.
*
* Set memory bank area and size if external memory is used
******************************************************************************
* @attention
*
* <h2><center>© copyright (c) 2020 STMicroelectronics.
* All rights reserved.</center></h2>
*
* This software component is licensed by ST under BSD 3-Clause license,* the "License"; You may not use this file except in compliance with the
* License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
* opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/* Entry Point */
ENTRY(Reset_Handler)
/* Highest address of the user mode stack */
_estack = ORIGIN(RAM) + LENGTH(RAM); /* end of "RAM" Ram type memory */
_Min_Heap_Size = 0x200 ; /* required amount of heap */
_Min_Stack_Size = 0x400 ; /* required amount of stack */
/* Memories deFinition */
MEMORY
{
RAM (xrw) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000,LENGTH = 36K
FLASH (rx) : ORIGIN = 0x8000000,LENGTH = 12K
BOOT_CFG (r) : ORIGIN = 0x8003000,LENGTH = 2K
OTP (r) : ORIGIN = 0x8003800,LENGTH = 2K
PROG (rx) : ORIGIN = 0x8004000,LENGTH = 110K
}
/* Sections */
SECTIONS
{
/* The startup code into "FLASH" Rom type memory */
.isr_vector :
{
. = ALIGN(4);
KEEP(*(.isr_vector)) /* Startup code */
. = ALIGN(4);
} >FLASH
/* The program code and other data into "FLASH" Rom type memory */
.text :
{
. = ALIGN(4);
*(.text) /* .text sections (code) */
*(.text*) /* .text* sections (code) */
*(.glue_7) /* glue arm to thumb code */
*(.glue_7t) /* glue thumb to arm code */
*(.eh_frame)
KEEP (*(.init))
KEEP (*(.fini))
. = ALIGN(4);
_etext = .; /* define a global symbols at end of code */
} >FLASH
/* Constant data into "FLASH" Rom type memory */
.rodata :
{
. = ALIGN(4);
*(.rodata) /* .rodata sections (constants,strings,etc.) */
*(.rodata*) /* .rodata* sections (constants,etc.) */
. = ALIGN(4);
} >FLASH
.ARM.extab : {
. = ALIGN(4);
*(.ARM.extab* .gnu.linkonce.armextab.*)
. = ALIGN(4);
} >FLASH
.ARM : {
. = ALIGN(4);
__exidx_start = .;
*(.ARM.exidx*)
__exidx_end = .;
. = ALIGN(4);
} >FLASH
.preinit_array :
{
. = ALIGN(4);
PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__preinit_array_start = .);
KEEP (*(.preinit_array*))
PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__preinit_array_end = .);
. = ALIGN(4);
} >FLASH
.init_array :
{
. = ALIGN(4);
PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__init_array_start = .);
KEEP (*(SORT(.init_array.*)))
KEEP (*(.init_array*))
PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__init_array_end = .);
. = ALIGN(4);
} >FLASH
.fini_array :
{
. = ALIGN(4);
PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__fini_array_start = .);
KEEP (*(SORT(.fini_array.*)))
KEEP (*(.fini_array*))
PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__fini_array_end = .);
. = ALIGN(4);
} >FLASH
/*CONfig */
.config_block :
{
. = ALIGN(8);
PROVIDE(_bg_start = .);
KEEP(*(.boot_config))
PROVIDE(_bg_end = _bg_start + 0x800);
} >BOOT_CFG
/* OTP */
.otp_block :
{
PROVIDE(_sotp = .);
KEEP(*(.device_address))
PROVIDE(_eotp = .);
} >OTP
/* PROG */
.prog_block :
{
_sprog = .;
_eprog = _sprog + 0x1b800;
} >PROG
/* Used by the startup to initialize data */
_sidata = LOADADDR(.data);
/* Initialized data sections into "RAM" Ram type memory */
.data :
{
. = ALIGN(4);
_sdata = .; /* create a global symbol at data start */
*(.data) /* .data sections */
*(.data*) /* .data* sections */
. = ALIGN(4);
_edata = .; /* define a global symbol at data end */
} >RAM AT> FLASH
/* Uninitialized data section into "RAM" Ram type memory */
. = ALIGN(4);
.bss :
{
/* This is used by the startup in order to initialize the .bss section */
_sbss = .; /* define a global symbol at bss start */
__bss_start__ = _sbss;
*(.bss)
*(.bss*)
*(COMMON)
. = ALIGN(4);
_ebss = .; /* define a global symbol at bss end */
__bss_end__ = _ebss;
} >RAM
/* User_heap_stack section,used to check that there is enough "RAM" Ram type memory left */
._user_heap_stack :
{
. = ALIGN(8);
PROVIDE ( end = . );
PROVIDE ( _end = . );
. = . + _Min_Heap_Size;
. = . + _Min_Stack_Size;
. = ALIGN(8);
} >RAM
/* Remove information from the compiler libraries */
/disCARD/ :
{
libc.a ( * )
libm.a ( * )
libgcc.a ( * )
}
.ARM.attributes 0 : { *(.ARM.attributes) }
}
以及相应应用程序的加载器：
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file LinkerScript.ld
* @author Auto-generated by STM32CubeIDE
* @brief Linker script for STM32G070KBTx Device from STM32G0 series
* 128Kbytes FLASH
* 36Kbytes RAM
*
* Set heap size,* the "License"; You may not use this file except in compliance with the
* License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
* opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/* Entry Point */
ENTRY(Reset_Handler)
/* Highest address of the user mode stack */
_estack = ORIGIN(RAM) + LENGTH(RAM); /* end of "RAM" Ram type memory */
_Min_Heap_Size = 0x1000; /* required amount of heap */
_Min_Stack_Size = 0x1000; /* required amount of stack */
/* Memories deFinition */
MEMORY
{
RAM (xrw) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000,LENGTH = 36K
//OTP (r) : ORIGIN = 0x8003000,LENGTH = 2K
FLASH (rx) : ORIGIN = 0x8004000,LENGTH = 110K
INNER_REG (r) : ORIGIN = 0x801F800,LENGTH = 2K
}
/* Sections */
SECTIONS
{
/* The startup code into "FLASH" Rom type memory */
.isr_vector :
{
. = ALIGN(4);
KEEP(*(.isr_vector)) /* Startup code */
. = ALIGN(4);
} >FLASH
/* The program code and other data into "FLASH" Rom type memory */
.text :
{
. = ALIGN(4);
*(.text) /* .text sections (code) */
*(.text*) /* .text* sections (code) */
*(.glue_7) /* glue arm to thumb code */
*(.glue_7t) /* glue thumb to arm code */
*(.eh_frame)
KEEP (*(.init))
KEEP (*(.fini))
. = ALIGN(4);
_etext = .; /* define a global symbols at end of code */
} >FLASH
/* Constant data into "FLASH" Rom type memory */
.rodata :
{
. = ALIGN(4);
*(.rodata) /* .rodata sections (constants,etc.) */
. = ALIGN(4);
} >FLASH
.ARM.extab : {
. = ALIGN(4);
*(.ARM.extab* .gnu.linkonce.armextab.*)
. = ALIGN(4);
} >FLASH
.ARM : {
. = ALIGN(4);
__exidx_start = .;
*(.ARM.exidx*)
__exidx_end = .;
. = ALIGN(4);
} >FLASH
.preinit_array :
{
. = ALIGN(4);
PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__preinit_array_start = .);
KEEP (*(.preinit_array*))
PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__preinit_array_end = .);
. = ALIGN(4);
} >FLASH
.init_array :
{
. = ALIGN(4);
PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__init_array_start = .);
KEEP (*(SORT(.init_array.*)))
KEEP (*(.init_array*))
PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__init_array_end = .);
. = ALIGN(4);
} >FLASH
.fini_array :
{
. = ALIGN(4);
PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__fini_array_start = .);
KEEP (*(SORT(.fini_array.*)))
KEEP (*(.fini_array*))
PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__fini_array_end = .);
. = ALIGN(4);
} >FLASH
/* OTP */
/*.otp_block 0x8003000: */
/*{ */
/* . = ALIGN(4); */
/* _sotp = ABSOLUTE(.) ; */
/* KEEP(*(.device_address)) */
/* . = ALIGN(4); */
/* _eotp = ABSOLUTE(.) ; */
/*} */
_device_addres_pos = 0x8003800;
/* INNER_REG */
.registro_block (NOLOAD) :
{
_ri_start = ABSOLUTE(.) ;
. = ALIGN(8);
KEEP(*(.registro_interno))
. = ALIGN(8);
_ri_stop = ABSOLUTE(.) ;
} >INNER_REG
/* Used by the startup to initialize data */
_sidata = LOADADDR(.data);
/* Initialized data sections into "RAM" Ram type memory */
.data :
{
. = ALIGN(4);
_sdata = .; /* create a global symbol at data start */
*(.data) /* .data sections */
*(.data*) /* .data* sections */
. = ALIGN(4);
_edata = .; /* define a global symbol at data end */
} >RAM AT> FLASH
/* Uninitialized data section into "RAM" Ram type memory */
. = ALIGN(4);
.bss :
{
/* This is used by the startup in order to initialize the .bss section */
_sbss = .; /* define a global symbol at bss start */
__bss_start__ = _sbss;
*(.bss)
*(.bss*)
*(COMMON)
. = ALIGN(4);
_ebss = .; /* define a global symbol at bss end */
__bss_end__ = _ebss;
} >RAM
/* User_heap_stack section,used to check that there is enough "RAM" Ram type memory left */
._user_heap_stack :
{
. = ALIGN(8);
PROVIDE ( end = . );
PROVIDE ( _end = . );
. = . + _Min_Heap_Size;
. = . + _Min_Stack_Size;
. = ALIGN(8);
} >RAM
/* Remove information from the compiler libraries */
/disCARD/ :
{
libc.a ( * )
libm.a ( * )
libgcc.a ( * )
}
.ARM.attributes 0 : { *(.ARM.attributes) }
}
这是我从引导加载程序传递到应用程序的方式：
void flash_jump_to_app(void)
{
/* Function pointer to the address of the user application. */
fnc_ptr jump_to_app;
jump_to_app = (fnc_ptr)(*(volatile uint32_t*) ((&_sprog)+1u));
/* Change the main stack pointer. */
__set_MSP(*((volatile uint32_t*)(&_sprog)));
jump_to_app();
}
虽然应用程序的启动文件是：
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file startup_stm32g070xx.s
* @author MCD Application Team
* @brief STM32G070xx devices vector table for SW4STM32 toolchain.
* This module performs:
* - Set the initial SP
* - Set the initial PC == Reset_Handler,* - Set the vector table entries with the exceptions ISR address
* - Branches to main in the C library (which eventually
* calls main()).
* After Reset the Cortex-M0+ processor is in Thread mode,* priority is Privileged,and the Stack is set to Main.
******************************************************************************
* @attention
*
* copyright (c) 2018 STMicroelectronics. All rights reserved.
*
* This software component is licensed by ST under BSD 3-Clause license,* the "License"; You may not use this file except in compliance with the
* License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
* opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
*
******************************************************************************
*/
.Syntax unified
.cpu cortex-m0
.fpu softvfp
.thumb
.global g_pfnVectors
.global Default_Handler
/* start address for the initialization values of the .data section.
defined in linker script */
.word _sidata
/* start address for the .data section. defined in linker script */
.word _sdata
/* end address for the .data section. defined in linker script */
.word _edata
/* start address for the .bss section. defined in linker script */
.word _sbss
/* end address for the .bss section. defined in linker script */
.word _ebss
.section .text.Reset_Handler
.weak Reset_Handler
.type Reset_Handler,%function
Reset_Handler:
ldr r0,=_estack
mov sp,r0 /* set stack pointer */
/* copy the data segment initializers from flash to SRAM */
movs r1,#0
b LoopcopyDataInit
copyDataInit:
ldr r3,=_sidata
ldr r3,[r3,r1]
str r3,[r0,r1]
adds r1,r1,#4
LoopcopyDataInit:
ldr r0,=_sdata
ldr r3,=_edata
adds r2,r0,r1
cmp r2,r3
bcc copyDataInit
ldr r2,=_sbss
b LoopFillZerobss
/* Zero fill the bss segment. */
FillZerobss:
movs r3,#0
str r3,[r2]
adds r2,r2,#4
LoopFillZerobss:
ldr r3,= _ebss
cmp r2,r3
bcc FillZerobss
/* Call the clock system intitialization function.*/
bl SystemInit
/* Call static constructors */
bl __libc_init_array
/* Call the application's entry point.*/
bl app_main
LoopForever:
b LoopForever
.size Reset_Handler,.-Reset_Handler
/**
* @brief This is the code that gets called when the processor receives an
* unexpected interrupt. This simply enters an infinite loop,preserving
* the system state for examination by a debugger.
*
* @param None
* @retval : None
*/
.section .text.Default_Handler,"ax",%progbits
Default_Handler:
Infinite_Loop:
b Infinite_Loop
.size Default_Handler,.-Default_Handler
/******************************************************************************
*
* The minimal vector table for a Cortex M0. Note that the proper constructs
* must be placed on this to ensure that it ends up at physical address
* 0x0000.0000.
*
******************************************************************************/
.section .isr_vector,"a",%progbits
.type g_pfnVectors,%object
.size g_pfnVectors,.-g_pfnVectors
g_pfnVectors:
.word _estack
.word Reset_Handler
.word NMI_Handler
.word HardFault_Handler
.word 0
.word 0
.word 0
.word 0
.word 0
.word 0
.word 0
.word SVC_Handler
.word 0
.word 0
.word PendSV_Handler
.word SysTick_Handler
.word WWDG_IRQHandler /* Window WatchDog */
.word 0 /* reserved */
.word RTC_TAMP_IRQHandler /* RTC through the EXTI line */
.word FLASH_IRQHandler /* FLASH */
.word RCC_IRQHandler /* RCC */
.word EXTI0_1_IRQHandler /* EXTI Line 0 and 1 */
.word EXTI2_3_IRQHandler /* EXTI Line 2 and 3 */
.word EXTI4_15_IRQHandler /* EXTI Line 4 to 15 */
.word 0 /* reserved */
.word DMA1_Channel1_IRQHandler /* DMA1 Channel 1 */
.word DMA1_Channel2_3_IRQHandler /* DMA1 Channel 2 and Channel 3 */
.word DMA1_Ch4_7_DMAMUX1_OVR_IRQHandler /* DMA1 Channel 4 to Channel 7,DMAMUX1 overrun */
.word ADC1_IRQHandler /* ADC1 */
.word TIM1_BRK_UP_TRG_COM_IRQHandler /* TIM1 Break,Update,Trigger and Commutation */
.word TIM1_CC_IRQHandler /* TIM1 Capture Compare */
.word 0 /* reserved */
.word TIM3_IRQHandler /* TIM3 */
.word TIM6_IRQHandler /* TIM6 */
.word TIM7_IRQHandler /* TIM7 */
.word TIM14_IRQHandler /* TIM14 */
.word TIM15_IRQHandler /* TIM15 */
.word TIM16_IRQHandler /* TIM16 */
.word TIM17_IRQHandler /* TIM17 */
.word I2C1_IRQHandler /* I2C1 */
.word I2C2_IRQHandler /* I2C2 */
.word SPI1_IRQHandler /* SPI1 */
.word SPI2_IRQHandler /* SPI2 */
.word USART1_IRQHandler /* USART1 */
.word USART2_IRQHandler /* USART2 */
.word USART3_4_IRQHandler /* USART3,USART4 */
/*******************************************************************************
*
* Provide weak aliases for each Exception handler to the Default_Handler.
* As they are weak aliases,any function with the same name will override
* this deFinition.
*
*******************************************************************************/
.weak NMI_Handler
.thumb_set NMI_Handler,Default_Handler
.weak HardFault_Handler
.thumb_set HardFault_Handler,Default_Handler
.weak SVC_Handler
.thumb_set SVC_Handler,Default_Handler
.weak PendSV_Handler
.thumb_set PendSV_Handler,Default_Handler
.weak SysTick_Handler
.thumb_set SysTick_Handler,Default_Handler
.weak WWDG_IRQHandler
.thumb_set WWDG_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak RTC_TAMP_IRQHandler
.thumb_set RTC_TAMP_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak FLASH_IRQHandler
.thumb_set FLASH_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak RCC_IRQHandler
.thumb_set RCC_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak EXTI0_1_IRQHandler
.thumb_set EXTI0_1_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak EXTI2_3_IRQHandler
.thumb_set EXTI2_3_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak EXTI4_15_IRQHandler
.thumb_set EXTI4_15_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak DMA1_Channel1_IRQHandler
.thumb_set DMA1_Channel1_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak DMA1_Channel2_3_IRQHandler
.thumb_set DMA1_Channel2_3_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak DMA1_Ch4_7_DMAMUX1_OVR_IRQHandler
.thumb_set DMA1_Ch4_7_DMAMUX1_OVR_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak ADC1_IRQHandler
.thumb_set ADC1_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak TIM1_BRK_UP_TRG_COM_IRQHandler
.thumb_set TIM1_BRK_UP_TRG_COM_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak TIM1_CC_IRQHandler
.thumb_set TIM1_CC_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak TIM3_IRQHandler
.thumb_set TIM3_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak TIM6_IRQHandler
.thumb_set TIM6_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak TIM7_IRQHandler
.thumb_set TIM7_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak TIM14_IRQHandler
.thumb_set TIM14_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak TIM15_IRQHandler
.thumb_set TIM15_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak TIM16_IRQHandler
.thumb_set TIM16_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak TIM17_IRQHandler
.thumb_set TIM17_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak I2C1_IRQHandler
.thumb_set I2C1_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak I2C2_IRQHandler
.thumb_set I2C2_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak SPI1_IRQHandler
.thumb_set SPI1_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak SPI2_IRQHandler
.thumb_set SPI2_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak USART1_IRQHandler
.thumb_set USART1_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak USART2_IRQHandler
.thumb_set USART2_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak USART3_4_IRQHandler
.thumb_set USART3_4_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
/************************ (C) copYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/
解决方法
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