web2py，如何使用 fetch 而不是 urllib.request？ 对于 GAE

编程问答 2022-05-26

问题描述

我正在启动一个必须在 Google App Engine 上部署的项目。我读到必须使用 gluon.tools fetch 函数而不是 urllib.request。

这里我有两个 defs()，第一个使用 urllib 运行正常，第二个使用 fetch 无法运行。 看起来好像数据参数格式错误。

必须如何使用这个 fetch 函数？ 我一直在互联网上寻找示例，但没有找到任何东西（除了 fetchfunction 的代码）。

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from gluon.tools import fetch
import json
import urllib

def gQLquery1():

    data = {'query':'{me{username myMachines{name}}}'}
    url = 'https://ecostruxure-machine-advisor.se.app/daas/graphql'
    Bearer = "Bearer ngU5TkM5yN2m5VCBeJBQ4F3NGjuvecn8FqK7f7Fc"
    data = json.dumps(data).encode('utf-8')

    headers={'authorization': Bearer,'Content-Type':'application/json'}

    req =  urllib.request.Request(url,data=data)
    req.add_header('authorization',Bearer)
    req.add_header('Content-Type','application/json')
    
    response = urllib.request.urlopen(req).read()

    decoded = json.loads(response)
    out = json.dumps(decoded)

    return out


def gQLquery2():

    data = {'query':'{me{username myMachines{name}}}'}
    url = 'https://ecostruxure-machine-advisor.se.app/daas/graphql'
    Bearer = "Bearer ngU5TkM5yN2m5VCBeJBQ4F3NGjuvecn8FqK7f7Fc"
    #data = json.dumps(data).encode('utf-8')

    headers={'authorization': Bearer,'Content-Type':'application/json'}

    #req =  urllib.request.Request(url,data=data)
    #req.add_header('authorization',Bearer)
    #req.add_header('Content-Type','application/json')
    #response = urllib.request.urlopen(req).read()

    response =  fetch(url,data,headers )

    decoded = json.loads(response)
    out = json.dumps(decoded)

    return out

退票：

Versión
web2py™ Version 2.21.1-stable+timestamp.2020.11.28.04.10.44
Python  Python 3.7.4: D:\Oscar\_Particular\web2py\web2py_no_console.exe (prefix: D:\Oscar\_Particular\web2py)


Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:\Oscar\_Particular\web2py\gluon\tools.py",line 4639,in fetch
    from google.appengine.api import urlfetch
  File "D:\Oscar\_Particular\web2py\gluon\custom_import.py",line 85,in custom_importer
    return base_importer(pname,globals,locals,fromlist,level)
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'applications.hola'

During handling of the above exception,another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:\Oscar\_Particular\web2py\gluon\restricted.py",line 219,in restricted
    exec(ccode,environment)
  File "D:/Oscar/_Particular/web2py/applications/hola/controllers/default.py",line 126,in <module>
  File "D:\Oscar\_Particular\web2py\gluon\globals.py",line 430,in <lambda>
    self._caller = lambda f: f()
  File "D:/Oscar/_Particular/web2py/applications/hola/controllers/default.py",line 94,in gQLquery2
    response =  fetch(url,headers )
  File "D:\Oscar\_Particular\web2py\gluon\tools.py",line 4642,in fetch
    html = urlopen(req).read()
  File "urllib\request.py",line 222,in urlopen
  File "urllib\request.py",line 523,in open
  File "urllib\request.py",line 1247,in do_request_
TypeError: POST data should be bytes,an iterable of bytes,or a file object. It cannot be of type str.

解决方法

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fetchgoogle-app-engineweb2py